Mechano-chemical dynamics of active gels: interplay between spatial bistability and volume variations

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 3-11
Author(s):  
Sébastien Villain ◽  
Pierre Borckmans ◽  
Stéphane Métens
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Reaction ◽  
Evolution Equations ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Hydrodynamic Theory ◽  
Chemical Dynamics ◽  
Spherical Bead ◽  
Oscillation Dynamics

AbstractThe mechano-chemical dynamics of a spherical bead of gel immersed in an autocatalytic bistable chemical reaction are examined. The spheres exhibit autonomous volume self-oscillation dynamics. We present a multi-diffusional approach to a hydrodynamic theory of gels, and also evolution equations incorporating chemical processes.

scholarly journals Taking the plunge: chemical reaction dynamics in liquids

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (24) ◽  
pp. 7597-7614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J. Orr-Ewing
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Reaction ◽  
Reaction Mechanisms ◽  
Reaction Dynamics ◽  
Computational Studies ◽  
Chemical Dynamics ◽  
Chemical Reaction Dynamics

Experimental and computational studies of chemical dynamics in solution explore how a solvent modifies reaction mechanisms.

scholarly journals On chemical dynamics and statics under the action of light

1902 ◽  
Vol 70 (459-466) ◽  
pp. 66-74
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Reaction ◽  
Chemical Equilibrium ◽  
Heterogeneous Systems ◽  
The Other ◽  
Chemical Dynamics ◽  
Homogeneous Systems ◽  
General Law ◽  
Statics And Dynamics ◽  
The Law ◽  
Simple Nature

Since the second half of the last century chemical statics and dynamics have developed into a veritable science of their own. The general law governing velocity of chemical reaction and chemical equilibrium in homogeneous systems is now known as the law of action of mass; the law governing velocity of physical or molecular transformations in heterogeneous systems proves also to be of a general and simple nature: the velocity is directly proportional to the surface of contact of the reacting parts and to the remoteness of the system from the point of equilibrium;! the velocity of chemical reaction in heterogeneous systems and chemical equilibrium in heterogeneous systems represent no phenomena sui generis , and the laws governing them are only combinations of the other two laws mentioned.

scholarly journals Disruptive photon technologies for chemical dynamics

2014 ◽  
Vol 171 ◽  
pp. 525-543
Author(s):  
Henry N. Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Chemical Dynamics ◽  
Free Electron Lasers ◽  
Diffractive Imaging ◽  
Time Resolved ◽  
Picosecond Pulses ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Observational Science ◽  
Atomic Time

A perspective of new and emerging technologies for chemical dynamics is given, with an emphasis on the use of X-ray sources that generate sub-picosecond pulses. The two classes of experimental techniques used for time-resolved measurements of chemical processes and their effects are spectroscopy and imaging, where the latter includes microscopy, diffractive imaging, and crystallography. X-Ray free-electron lasers have brought new impetus to the field, allowing not only temporal and spatial resolution at atomic time and length scales, but also bringing a new way to overcome limitations due to perturbation of the sample by the X-ray probe by out-running radiation damage. Associated instrumentation and methods are being developed to take advantage of the new opportunities of these sources. Once these methods of observational science have been mastered it should be possible to use the new tools to directly control those chemical processes.

scholarly journals Conformational evolution following the sequential molecular dehydrogenation of PMDI on a Cu(111) surface

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lacheng Liu ◽  
Alexander Timmer ◽  
Elena KOLODZEISKI ◽  
Hongying Gao ◽  
Harry Mönig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Reaction ◽  
Reaction Pathway ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Theoretical Methods

Molecular spatial conformational evolution following the corresponding chemical reaction pathway at surfaces is important to understand and optimize chemical processes. Combining experimental and theoretical methods, the sequential N−H and C−H...

scholarly journals A weak invariance principle and asymptotic stability for evolution equations with bounded generators

1995 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 255-264
Author(s):  
E. N. Chukwu ◽  
P. Smoczynski
Keyword(s):  
Asymptotic Stability ◽  
Lyapunov Function ◽  
Equilibrium Point ◽  
Invariance Principle ◽  
Infinitesimal Generator ◽  
Evolution Equations ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Weak Invariance Principle ◽  
Weak Invariance

IfVis a Lyapunov function of an equationdu/dt=u′=Zuin a Banach space then asymptotic stability of an equilibrium point may be easily proved if it is known thatsup(V′)<0on sufficiently small spheres centered at the equilibrium point. In this paper weak asymptotic stability is proved for a bounded infinitesimal generatorZunder a weaker assumptionV′≤0(which alone implies ordinary stability only) if some observability condition, involvingZand the Frechet derivative ofV′, is satisfied. The proof is based on an extension of LaSalle's invariance principle, which yields convergence in a weak topology and uses a strongly continuous Lyapunov function. The theory is illustrated with an example of an integro-differential equation of interest in the theory of chemical processes. In this case strong asymptotic stability is deduced from the weak one and explicit sufficient conditions for stability are given. In the case of a normal infinitesimal generatorZin a Hilbert space, strong asymptotic stability is proved under the following assumptionsZ*+Zis weakly negative definite andKer Z={0}. The proof is based on spectral theory.

scholarly journals Mathematical Methods for Modeling Chemical Reaction Networks

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin Carden ◽  
Casian Pantea ◽  
Gheorge Craciun ◽  
Raghu Machiraju ◽  
Parag Mallick
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Reaction ◽  
Chemical Reaction Networks ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Reaction Networks ◽  
Mathematical Methods ◽  
Cellular Behavior ◽  
Substrate Protein ◽  
Enzyme Substrate ◽  
Mathematical Techniques ◽  
Sense And Respond

AbstractCancer’s cellular behavior is driven by alterations in the processes that cells use to sense and respond to diverse stimuli. Underlying these processes are a series of chemical processes (enzyme-substrate, protein-protein, etc.). Here we introduce a set of mathematical techniques for describing and characterizing these processes.

Directional observation on lipid of male nectary of Lindera megaphylla hemsl. by the rapid embedding method with polyethylene glycol (PEG)

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 718-719
Author(s):  
Dai Dalin ◽  
Guo Jianmin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Chemical Reaction ◽  
Traditional Method ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Unsaturated Lipid ◽  
Embedding Method ◽  
Long Period ◽  
New Methods

Lipid cytochemistry has not yet advanced far at the EM level. A major problem has been the loss of lipid during dehydration and embedding. Although the adoption of glutaraldehyde and osmium tetroxide accelerate the chemical reaction of lipid and osmium tetroxide can react on the double bouds of unsaturated lipid to from the osmium black, osmium tetroxide can be reduced in saturated lipid and subsequently some of unsaturated lipid are lost during dehydration. In order to reduce the loss of lipid by traditional method, some researchers adopted a few new methods, such as the change of embedding procedure and the adoption of new embedding media, to solve the problem. In a sense, these new methods are effective. They, however, usually require a long period of preparation. In this paper, we do research on the fiora nectary strucure of lauraceae by the rapid-embedding method wwith PEG under electron microscope and attempt to find a better method to solve the problem mentioned above.

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