scholarly journals Environment and Pollution Management of Pollution Volatile Organic Compounds in Cluj-Napoca

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florean Carmen ◽  
Henriette Szilagyi ◽  
Andreea Hegyi
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Car Traffic ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Reduce Emissions ◽  
The City ◽  
Mean Concentration

Abstract Pollution negative influences the environmental, human health, buildings and increase the production of waste. We are currently witnessing pollution and degradation in some cases irreversible, of the environment. Environmental issues are extremely complex and cover all sectors. Worldwide, industrial pollution strategies necessary to reduce emissions to the atmosphere hydrocarbons, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and other polluants in urban areas. The highest concentrations of volatile organic compounds of more than 80 mg/m3 occur in densely populated areas. The latest data reported in the residential area of Cluj-Napoca values did not exceed 20 m /m3. However peaks reported VOC concentrations, depending on the season, exceeding the upper limit that according to Law. 104/2011 is 75 μ/m3. It was identified due to increase annual mean concentration of VOCs as, in particular, road traffic exceeding sanitary standards on the main traffic routes within the city. In this paper the results obtained after carrying out an analysis of the average VOC concentration recorded in the city Cluj-Napoca as a result of car traffic. They were pursued average concentrations of VOCs resulting from the combustion of liquid fuels, petrol and diesel type. Analyzing the results obtained are proposed solutions for reducing VOC emissions. The rule under which these solutions have been proposed to reduce the concentration of VOCs took into account the possibility implementation and maintenance costs thereof.

scholarly journals Spatial Distribution, Source Apportionment, Ozone Formation Potential, and Health Risks of Volatile Organic Compounds over a Typical Central Plain City in China

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1365
Author(s):  
Kun He ◽  
Zhenxing Shen ◽  
Jian Sun ◽  
Yali Lei ◽  
Yue Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Source Apportionment ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
High Time Resolution ◽  
Ozone Formation ◽  
Industrial Site ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
Volatile Organic

The profiles, contributions to ozone formation, and associated health risks of 56 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) species were investigated using high time resolution observations from photochemical assessment monitoring stations (PAMs) in Luoyang, China. The daily averaged concentration of total VOCs (TVOCs) was 21.66 ± 10.34 ppbv in urban areas, 14.45 ± 7.40 ppbv in suburbs, and 37.58 ± 13.99 ppbv in an industrial zone. Overall, the VOCs levels in these nine sites followed a decreasing sequence of alkanes > aromatics > alkenes > alkyne. Diurnal variations in VOCs exhibited two peaks at 8:00–9:00 and 19:00–20:00, with one valley at 23:00–24:00. Source apportionment indicated that vehicle and industrial emissions were the dominant sources of VOCs in urban and suburban sites. The industrial site displayed extreme levels, with contributions from petrochemical-related sources of up to 38.3%. Alkenes and aromatics displayed the highest ozone formation potentials because of their high photochemical reactivity. Cancer and noncancer risks in the industrial site were higher than those in the urban and suburban areas, and USEPA possible risk thresholds were reached in the industrial site, indicating PAMs VOC–related health problems cannot be ignored. Therefore, vehicle and industrial emissions should be prioritized when considering VOCs and O3 control strategies in Luoyang.

scholarly journals Geographical Distribution and Risk Assessment of Volatile Organic Compounds in Tributaries of the Han River Watershed

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 956
Author(s):  
Jong-Kwon Im ◽  
Yong-Chul Cho ◽  
Hye-Ran Noh ◽  
Soon-Ju Yu
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
River Watershed ◽  
Han River ◽  
Detection Frequency ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Mean Concentration

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), with negative impacts on the aquatic ecosystem, are increasingly released into the environment by anthropogenic activities. Water samples were collected from five areas of the Han River Watershed (HRW) tributaries, South Korea, to detect 11 VOCs, which were classified as halogenated aliphatic hydrocarbons (HAHs) and aromatic hydrocarbons (AHs). Among the 11 VOCs, 1,1-dichloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and vinyl chloride were undetected. The highest concentration compounds were chloroform (0.0596 ± 0.1312 µg/L), trichloroethylene (0.0253 ± 0.0781 µg/L), and toluene (0.0054 ± 0.0139 µg/L). The mean concentration (0.0234 µg/L) and detection frequency (37.0%) of HAHs were higher than those of AHs (0.0036 µg/L, 21.0%, respectively). The Imjin Hantan River area exhibited the highest mean concentration (0.2432 µg/L) and detection frequency (22.9%), because it is located near industrial complexes, thus, highlighting their role as important VOC sources. However, the detected VOCs had lower concentrations than those permitted by the EU, WHO, USA, and South Korea drinking water guidelines. Ecological risks associated with the VOCs were estimated by risk quotient (RQ); consequently, the predicted no-effect concentration was 0.0029 mg/L, and the toluene and styrene RQ values were >1 and >0.5, respectively. The findings may facilitate policymakers in designing pollution control strategies.

scholarly journals Study of Indoor PM2.5 and Volatile Organic Compounds Concentration in Selected Rural and Urban Areas of Zambia

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-67
Author(s):  
David Mulenga ◽  
Hebert Tato Nyirenda ◽  
Prispa Mwila ◽  
Chibangula M. Chileshe ◽  
Seter Siziya
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Indoor Pm2.5

Indoor-outdoor distribution and risk assessment of volatile organic compounds in the atmosphere of industrial and urban areas

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Massolo ◽  
Martina Rehwagen ◽  
Andres Porta ◽  
Alicia Ronco ◽  
Olf Herbarth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Volatile Organic

scholarly journals Modeling secondary organic aerosol in an urban area: application to Paris, France

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 23471-23511 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Couvidat ◽  
Y. Kim ◽  
K. Sartelet ◽  
C. Seigneur ◽  
N. Marchand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Secondary Organic Aerosol ◽  
Organic Aerosol ◽  
City Center ◽  
Aerosol Model ◽  
Paris Area ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Theoretical Mechanism ◽  
The City

Abstract. A secondary organic aerosol (SOA) model, H2O (Hydrophilic/Hydrophobic Organic), is evaluated over the Paris area. This model treats the formation of SOA with two kinds of surrogate species: hydrophilic species (which condense preferentially on an aqueous phase) and hydrophobic species (which condense only on an organic phase). These surrogates species are formed from the oxidation in the atmosphere of volatile organic compounds (VOC) by radicals (HO and NO3) and ozone. These VOC are either biogenic (isoprene, monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes) or anthropogenic (mainly aromatic compounds). This model includes the formation of aerosols from different precursors (biogenic precursors, aromatics), and semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOC) from traffic. The H2O aerosol model was incorporated into the Polyphemus air quality modeling platform and applied to the Paris area and evaluated by comparison to measurements performed during the Megapoli campaign in July 2009. The comparison to measurements in the suburbs and in the city center of Paris shows that the model gives satisfactory results for both elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC). However, the model gives a peak of OC concentrations in the morning due to high emissions from traffic, which does not appear in measurements. Uncertainties in the modeled temperature, which can affect the gas-particle partitioning, in the partitioning of primary SVOC or underestimation of primary organic aerosol (POA) evaporation by the model could explain the differences between model and measurements. Moreover, using a theoretical mechanism for the oxidation of primary SVOC and intermediate volatility organic compounds (IVOC), POA concentrations were found to be likely overestimated by models due to the use of simple partitioning constants (which do not take into account the affinity of a compound with the liquid aerosol solution) or due to the assumption that the organic aerosol solution is a one-phase ideal solution. The organic aerosol in the city center of Paris was found to be originating mostly from distant sources with only 30 to 38% due to local sources.

scholarly journals Gasoline aromatics: a critical determinant of urban secondary organic aerosol formation

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 10743-10752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianfei Peng ◽  
Min Hu ◽  
Zhuofei Du ◽  
Yinhui Wang ◽  
Jing Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Secondary Organic Aerosol ◽  
Organic Aerosol ◽  
Urban Atmosphere ◽  
Aerosol Formation ◽  
Vehicle Exhaust ◽  
Aromatic Content ◽  
Volatile Organic

Abstract. Gasoline vehicle exhaust is an important contributor to secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation in urban atmosphere. Fuel composition has a potentially considerable impact on gasoline SOA production, but the link between fuel components and SOA production is still poorly understood. Here, we present chamber experiments to investigate the impacts of gasoline aromatic content on SOA production through chamber oxidation approach. A significant amplification factor of 3–6 for SOA productions from gasoline exhausts is observed as gasoline aromatic content rose from 29 to 37 %. Considerably higher emission of aromatic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) using high-aromatic fuel plays an essential role in the enhancement of SOA production, while semi-volatile organic compounds (e.g., gas-phase PAHs) may also contribute to the higher SOA production. Our findings indicate that gasoline aromatics significantly influence ambient PM2. 5 concentration in urban areas and emphasize that more stringent regulation of gasoline aromatic content will lead to considerable benefits for urban air quality.

Volatile Organic Compounds in the Atmosphere of the Botanical Garden of the City of Rio de Janeiro: A Preliminary Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 653-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleyton Martins da Silva ◽  
Elaine Cesar C. A. Souza ◽  
Luane Lima da Silva ◽  
Rafael Lopes Oliveira ◽  
Sergio Machado Corrêa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
The City
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