Effective factors on performance of zeolite based metal catalysts in light hydrocarbon aromatization

2022 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khashayar Sharifi ◽  
Rouein Halladj ◽  
Seyed Javid Royaee ◽  
Farshid Towfighi ◽  
Sepideh Firoozi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Octane Number ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Space Velocity ◽  
Metal Catalysts ◽  
Light Hydrocarbon ◽  
Light Alkanes ◽  
Effective Factors ◽  
Metal Type ◽  
Propane Butane

Abstract Aromatic hydrocarbons are essential compounds, that the presence of which in fuels can improve the octane number. The conversion of the light alkanes to high value aromatics is vital from theoretical and industrial standpoints. Zeolites such as ZSM-5 play an essential role in the aromatization of light alkanes. This paper highlights the mechanism of aromatization of light alkanes such as methane, ethane, propane, butane, and its isomers. Furthermore, effective factors on the aromatization of light alkanes including metal type, crystallinity, acidity, space velocity, pretreatment of zeolites, co-feeding of light hydrocarbon, and operating factors such as temperature have been investigated to determine how a system of zeolite with metals can be useful to reach aromatization with high conversion.

Static and Dynamic Studies of Gasoline in View of its Octane Number and its Toxic Effect

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 451-459
Author(s):  
Ashraf Yehia El-Naggar ◽  
Mohamed A. Ebiad
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Effect ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Octane Number ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Hydrocarbon Composition ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

Gasoline come primarily from petroleum cuts, it is the preferred liquid fuel in our lives. Two gasoline samples of octane numbers 91 and 95 from Saudi Arabia petrol stations were studied. This study was achieved at three different temperatures 20oC, 30oC and 50oC representing the change in temperatures of the different seasons of the year. Both the evaporated gases of light aromatic hydrocarbons (BTEX) of gasoline samples inside the tank were subjected to analyze qualitatively and quantitatively via capillary gas chromatography. The detailed hydrocarbon composition and the octane number of the studied gasoline samples were determined using detailed hydrocarbon analyzer. The idea of research is indicating the impact of light aromatic compounds in gasoline on the toxic effect of human and environment on the one hand, and on octane number of gasoline on the other hand. Although the value of octane number will be reduced but this will have a positive impact on the environment as a way to produce clean fuel.

scholarly journals Copper-catalyzed remote C–H arylation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 530-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anping Luo ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Zhangyi Fu ◽  
Jingbo Lan ◽  
Di Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Precious Metal ◽  
Metal Catalysts ◽  
Optoelectronic Materials ◽  
Precious Metal Catalysts ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Organic Optoelectronic

The regioselective C–H arylation of substituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is a desired but challenging task. A copper-catalyzed C7–H arylation of 1-naphthamides has been developed by using aryliodonium salts as arylating reagents. This protocol does not need to use precious metal catalysts and tolerates wide variety of functional groups. Under standard conditions, the remote C–H arylation of other PAHs including phenanthrene-9-carboxamide, pyrene-1-carboxamide and fluoranthene-3-carboxamide has also accomplished, which provides an opportunity for the development of diverse organic optoelectronic materials.

ChemInform Abstract: Conversion of Light Alkanes into Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Part 7. Aromatization of Propane on Gallosilicates: Effect of Calcination in Dry Air

ChemInform ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (16) ◽  
pp. no-no
Author(s):  
G. GIANNETTO ◽  
A. MONTES ◽  
N. S. GNEP ◽  
A. FLORENTINO ◽  
P. CARTRAUD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Light Alkanes ◽  
Dry Air

Conversion of Light Alkanes into Aromatic Hydrocarbons .VII. Aromatization of Propane on Gallosilicates: Effect of Calcination in Dry Air

1994 ◽  
Vol 145 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Giannetto ◽  
A. Montes ◽  
N.S. Gnep ◽  
A. Florentino ◽  
P. Cartraud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Light Alkanes ◽  
Dry Air

scholarly journals Mathematical modeling and optimization of semi-regenerative catalytic reforming of naphtha

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
Emilia Ivanchina ◽  
Ekaterina Chernyakova ◽  
Inna Pchelintseva ◽  
Dmitry Poluboyartsev
Keyword(s):  
Octane Number ◽  
Catalyst Deactivation ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Coke Formation ◽  
Space Velocity ◽  
Catalyst Stability ◽  
Hydrocarbon Mixture ◽  
Catalytic Reforming ◽  
Modeling And Optimization ◽  
Petroleum Refineries

Catalytic naphtha reforming is extensively applied in petroleum refineries and petrochemical industries to convert low-octane naphtha into high-octane gasoline. Besides, this process is an important source of hydrogen and aromatics obtained as side products. The bifunctional Pt-catalysts for reforming are deactivated by coke formation during an industrial operation. This results to a reduction in the yield and octane number. In this paper modeling and optimization of a semi-egenerative catalytic reforming of naphtha is carried out considering catalyst deactivation and a complex multicomponent composition of a hydrocarbon mixture. The mathematical model of semi-egenerative catalytic reforming considering coke formation process was proposed. The operating parameters (yield, octane number, activity) for different catalysts were predicted and optimized. It was found that a decrease in the pressure range from 1.5 to 1.2 MPa at the temperature 478–481 °C and feedstock space velocity equal to 1.4–1 h induces an increase in the yield for 1–2 wt.% due to an increase in the aromatization reactions rate and a decrease in the hydrocracking reactions rate depending on the feedstock composition and catalyst type. It is shown that the decrease in pressure is limited by the requirements for the catalyst stability due to the increase in the coke formation rate. The criterion of optimality is the yield, expressed in octanes per tons.

scholarly journals Copper-Catalyzed Remote C–H Arylation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anping Luo ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Zhangyi Fu ◽  
Jingbo Lan ◽  
Di Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Precious Metal ◽  
Metal Catalysts ◽  
Optoelectronic Materials ◽  
Precious Metal Catalysts ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Organic Optoelectronic

The regioselective C–H arylation of substituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is a desired but challenging task. Herein, a copper-catalyzed C7–H arylation of 1-naphthamides has been developed by using aryliodonium salts as arylating reagents. This protocol does not need to use precious metal catalysts and can tolerate wide functional groups. Under standard conditions, the remote C–H arylation of other PAHs including phenanthrene-9-carboxamide, pyrene-1-carboxamide and fluoranthene-3-carboxamide has also accomplished, which provides an opportunity for the development of diverse organic optoelectronic materials.

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