Lösliche und virusgebundene Adenovirus Hämagglutinine

Prototype adenoviruses and their hemagglutinins of ROSEN'S 1 group II were studied by adsorption to rat and human red blood cells and by straight and cesium chloride density gradient ultracentrifugation. Density gradient experiments showed the presence of a hemagglutinin separable from the infectious virus particles which agglutinates both rat and human cells for virus types 9, 10, 13, 19, 26, and 27. In addition, types 10, 19, and 27 have a second hemagglutinin associated with the infective particles which agglutinates rat blood cells only. Type 9 (and possibly type 8) virus has a virusbound hemagglutinin which agglutinates both kinds of blood cells. The viruses types 15, 17, 22, and 24 with hemagglutinins for rat blood cells only have two hemagglutinins, one of them associated with the virus particles. The results with type 23 were variable. Straight ultracentrifugation experiments showed a surprisingly incomplete sedimentation of the infective particles for most of the virus types studied.Differences in the resistance of various hemagglutinins to trypsin and/or heating are demonstrated.

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In VitroEffect ofCinnamomum zeylanicumBlume Essential Oil onCandidaspp. Involved in Oral Infections

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2018/4045013 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Marianne de Lucena Rangel ◽

Sabrina Garcia de Aquino ◽

Jefferson Muniz de Lima ◽

Lúcio Roberto Castellano ◽

Ricardo Dias de Castro

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Essential Oil ◽

Red Blood Cells ◽

Blood Cells ◽

Fungal Growth ◽

Human Cells ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Oral Infections ◽

Human Red Blood Cells ◽

Main Component

The present study demonstrates the antifungal potential of chemically characterized essential oil (EO) ofCinnamomum zeylanicumBlume onCandidaspp. biofilm and establishes its mode of action, effect on fungal growth kinetics, and cytotoxicity to human cells. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal fungicidal concentration (MFC) values varied from 62.5 to 1,000μg/mL, and the effect seems to be due to interference with cell wall biosynthesis. The kinetics assay showed that EO at MICx2 (500μg/mL) induced a significant (p < 0.05) reduction of the fungal growth after exposure for 8 h. At this concentration, the EO was also able to hinder biofilm formation and reduceCandidaspp. monospecies and multispecies in mature biofilm at 24 h and 48 h (p < 0.05). A protective effect on human red blood cells was detected with the EO at concentrations up to 750μg/mL, as well as an absence of a significant reduction (p > 0.05) in the viability of human red blood cells at concentrations up to 1,000μg/mL. Phytochemical analysis identified eugenol as the main component (68.96%) of the EO.C. zeylanicumBlume EO shows antifungal activity, action on the yeast cell wall, and a deleterious effect onCandidaspp. biofilms. This natural product did not show evidence of cytotoxicity toward human cells.

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