The Effect of High Energy Milling on the Solid State Synthesis of MnFe2O4 from Mixtures of MnO-Fe2O3 and Mn3O4-Fe2O3

2003 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 415-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Berbenni ◽  
A. Marinia ◽  
A. Profumo ◽  
L. Cucca
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Physical Mixture ◽  
Solid State Synthesis ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
High Energy Milling ◽  
Mn Oxides

A thermal treatment at 900°C (under nitrogen) of a milled mixture MnO-Fe2O3 yields MnFe2O4 mainly as the product of the reaction between Mn3O4 (produced by ball milling) and Fe2O3. Under the same experimental conditions but starting from an unmilled MnO- Fe2O3 mixture, the formation of MnFe2O4 is only partial and occurs through Mn3O4 (formed by oxidation of MnO). The same thermal treatment (900°C under nitrogen) of a milled Mn3O4-Fe2O3 mixture yields MnFe2O4 mainly as the product of the reaction between Mn3O4 and Mn2O3/MnO2 (the higher Mn oxides being produced by ball milling) and Fe2O3. The effect of high energy milling is more pronounced in the case of the Mn3O4-Fe2O3 system since no MnFe2O4 formation is observed when starting from a physical mixture.

Facile low temperature solid state synthesis of iodoapatite by high-energy ball milling

RSC Advances ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (73) ◽  
pp. 38718-38725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengyuan Lu ◽  
Tiankai Yao ◽  
Jinling Xu ◽  
Jingxian Wang ◽  
Spencer Scott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
Thermal Annealing ◽  
Amorphous Matrix ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Ball Milling ◽  
Solid State Synthesis ◽  
Energy Ball

High energy ball milled iodoapatite in the form of an amorphous matrix embedded with nanocrystals can be readily crystallized by subsequent low temperature thermal annealing, which greatly improves the thermal stability and iodine confinement.

Effect of High-energy Milling on the Solid State Formation of Zinc Manganites (ZnxMn3-xO4, 0.5 ≤ x ≤ 1.5) from the System ZnC2O4 · 2H2O-n MnCO3 (n = 1, 1.5 and 2)

2007 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 663-668
Author(s):  
Vittorio Berbenni ◽  
Chiara Milanese ◽  
Amedeo Marini
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Physical Mixture ◽  
Manganese Carbonate ◽  
Calorimetric Data ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Enthalpy Of Dehydration ◽  
High Energy Milling ◽  
Partial Formation ◽  
Zinc Oxalate ◽  
Mechanism Of The Reaction

Abstract By combination of TG/DSC and XRPD measurements it has been shown that zinc manganites form (ZnxMn3−xO4 with 0.5 ≤ x ≤ 1.5) starting from mixtures of zinc oxalate dihydrate and manganese carbonate subjected to mechanical activation by high energy milling. Solid solutions ZnOMn3O4- ZnMn2O4 are the products obtained by the same experimental conditions, when starting from a physical mixture. Furthermore milling, besides changing the enthalpy of dehydration of zinc oxalate, induces a partial formation of amorphous Mn3O4 at r. t. In particular ZnMn2O4 can be prepared by annealing the milled mixture for 18 h at 650 °C while a temperature > 1000 °C is needed to prepare ZnMn2O4 from a physical mixture. Finally, the calorimetric data suggest that the mechanism of the reaction is different in the two kinds of mixtures.

Mechano-thermally Activated Solid-state Synthesis of Li4Ti5O12 Spinel from Li2CO3-TiO2 Mixtures

2010 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vittorio Berbenni ◽  
Chiara Milanese ◽  
Giovanna Bruni ◽  
Amedeo Marini
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Gas Adsorption ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Solid State Synthesis ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Modulated Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Thermally Activated ◽  
High Energy Milling ◽  
Dsc Measurements ◽  
Good Agreement

Simultaneous TG/DSC measurements performed on mixtures 2Li2CO3-5TiO2 (anatase) subjected to high-energy milling showed that both the temperature and the enthalpy of Li2CO3 decomposition are much lower than in the case of TG/DSC runs performed on a sample of a physical mixture. On the basis of the thermoanalytical evidence a solid-state synthesis of the spinel compound Li4Ti5O12 has been proposed that combines mechanical (by high-energy milling) and thermal activation (8 h annealing at 973 K): the obtained compound shows a lattice constant in very good agreement with that expected for the pure phase Li1+xTi2−xO4 (x = 0.333). The molar heat capacity of Li4Ti5O12 has been determined in the temperature range 323 - 633 K by quasi-isothermal Modulated Differential Scanning Calorimetry (MDSC). The specific surface area of Li4Ti5O12 has been determined by gas adsorption

Solid state synthesis of LiFePO4 studied by in situ high energy X-ray diffraction

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 5604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zonghai Chen ◽  
Yang Ren ◽  
Yan Qin ◽  
Huiming Wu ◽  
Shengqian Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Solid State Synthesis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

Luminescent Properties of LiTaO3:Tm3+, Yb3+ Phosphors Prepared by Ball Milling Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 423-426 ◽  
pp. 426-429
Author(s):  
Xin Ze Wang ◽  
Zhong Xin Liu ◽  
Hong Jian Gao ◽  
Yani Jing ◽  
Chang Lin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Blue Emission ◽  
Photoluminescence Property ◽  
Luminescent Properties ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Ball Milling ◽  
Conventional Solid State Reaction ◽  
Energy Ball

LiTaO3: Tm3+, Yb3+powders were synthesized by a high-energy ball-milling (HEB) method compared with the conventional solid-state reaction (SSR) method. Under the excitation of 980 nm laser, the strong blue emission (477 nm) band is observed and attributed to1G4-3H6of Tm3+. Because of it causing high local temperature and narrow particles size, increasing the contact area between the particles and improved crystallinity of the host, synthesis by high-energy ball milling show higher photoluminescence (PL) intensity compared to the solid state reaction method. In the process of mechanical milling, Tm3+, Yb3+co-doped LiTaO3phosphors with high photoluminescence property could be achieved at a relatively low reaction temperature.

Solid-state synthesis reaction between Al and Cu powders during ball milling

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 245-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengqi Xi ◽  
Jingen Zhou ◽  
Dongwen Zhang ◽  
Xiaotian Wang
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
Solid State Synthesis ◽  
Synthesis Reaction
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