Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of the Acetone Extract of the Lichen Ramalina farinacea and its (+)-Usnic Acid, Norstictic Acid, and Protocetraric Acid Constituents

2004 ◽  
Vol 59 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 384-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Turgay Tay ◽  
Ayşen Özdemir Türk ◽  
Meral Yılmaz ◽  
Hayrettin Türk ◽  
Merih Kıvanç
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Yersinia Enterocolitica ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Candida Glabrata ◽  
Usnic Acid ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
Ramalina Farinacea

The acetone extract of the lichen Ramalina farinacea and its (+)-usnic acid constituent showed antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Listeria monocytogenes, Proteus vul­garis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis. Yersinia enterocolitica, Candida albicans, and Candida glabrata. Norstictic acid was active against Aeromonas hydrophila as well as the above microorganisms except Yersinia enterocolitica. Protocetraric acid showed activity only against the tested yeasts Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. The MIC values of the extract as well as of the three substances were determined. No antifungal activity of the acetone extract has been observed against ten filamentous fungi.

Antimicrobial Activity of Extracts of the Lichen Xanthoparmelia pokornyi and its Gyrophoric and Stenosporic Acid Constituents

2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 319-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Candan ◽  
Meral Yılmaz ◽  
Turgay Tay ◽  
Merih Kıvança ◽  
Hayrettin Türk
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Candida Glabrata ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Gyrophoric Acid

The antimicrobial activity of the diethyl ether, acetone, chloroform, petroleum ether, and ethanol extracts of the lichen Xanthoparmelia pokornyi and its gyrophoric acid and stenosporic acid constituents has been screened against some foodborne bacteria and fungi. Both the extracts and the acids showed antimicrobial activity against Aeromonas hydrophila, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Listeria monocytogenes, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis, Yersinia enterocolitica, Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. The extracts were inactive against the tested filamentous fungi. The MIC values of the extracts and the acids for the bacteria have also been determined.

The Antimicrobial Activity of Extracts of the Lichen Cladonia foliacea and Its (–)-Usnic Acid, Atranorin, and Fumarprotocetraric Acid Constituents

2004 ◽  
Vol 59 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 249-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meral Yılmaz ◽  
Ayşen Özdemir Türk ◽  
Turgay Tay ◽  
Merih Kıvanç
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Candida Glabrata ◽  
Usnic Acid ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
Pure Compounds ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

The antimicrobial activity of the chloroform, diethyl ether, acetone, petroleum ether, and ethanol extracts of the lichen Cladonia foliacea and its (-)-usnic acid, atranorin, and fumarprotocetraric acid constituents against 9 bacteria and fungi has been investigated. The extracts and pure compounds alone were found active against the same bacteria and the same yeasts. Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis, Proteus vulgaris, Listeria monocytogenes, Aeromonas hydrophila, Candida albicans, and Candida glabrata growth were inhibited. In addition, the MICs of the extracts, (-)-usnic acid, atranorin and fumarprotocetraric acid were determined.

scholarly journals The Antimicrobial Activity of Extracts of the Lichen Hypogymnia tubulosa and Its 3-Hydroxyphysodic Acid Constituent

2005 ◽  
Vol 60 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 35-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meral Yılmaz ◽  
Turgay Tay ◽  
Merih Kıvanç ◽  
Hayrettin Türk ◽  
Ayşen Özdemir Türk
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

The antimicrobial activity and the MIC values of the diethyl ether, acetone, chloroform, petroleum ether, and ethanol extracts of the lichen Hypogymnia tubulosa and its 3-hydroxyphysodic acid constituent have been investigated against some microorganisms. At least one of the extracts or 3-hydroxyphysodic acid showed antimicrobial activity against Aeromonas hydrophila, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Listeria monocytogenes, Proteus vulgaris, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis, and Candida albicans. No antifungal activity of the extracts has been observed against ten filamentous fungi.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial activity of soft and purified propolis extracts

Medicina ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvydas Pavilonis ◽  
Algirdas Baranauskas ◽  
Ligita Puidokaitė ◽  
Žaneta Maželienė ◽  
Arūnas Savickas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Propolis Extract

Objective. To evaluate the antimicrobial activity of soft and purified propolis extracts. Study object and methods. Antimicrobial activity of soft and purified propolis extracts was determined with reference cultures of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 33499, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Proteus mirabilis ATCC 12459, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Bacillus cereus ATCC 8035, and fungus Candida albicans ATCC 60193. Microbiological tests were performed under aseptic conditions. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) – the highest dilution of preparation (the lowest concentration of preparation) that suppresses growth of reference microorganisms – was determined. Results. Concentration of phenolic compounds in soft propolis extract that possesses antimicrobial activity against gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis) and gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Proteus mirabilis) is 0.587±0.054 mg and 0.587±0.054–0.394±0.022 mg (P>0.05) and in purified propolis extract – 0.427±0.044 mg and 0.256±0.02 mg (P>0.05). Klebsiella pneumoniae is most resistant to soft propolis extract when the concentration of phenolic compounds is 1.119± 0.152 mg and to purified propolis extract when the concentration of phenolic compounds is 1.013±0.189 mg (P>0.05). Spore-forming Bacillus subtilis bacteria are more sensitive to soft and purified propolis extracts when the concentration of phenolic compounds is 0.134±0.002 mg and 0.075±0.025 mg, respectively, and Bacillus cereus – when the concentration is 0.394±0.022 mg and 0.256±0.02 mg (P>0.05). Sensitivity of fungus Candida albicans to soft and purified propolis extracts is the same as Bacillus subtilis. Encapsulated bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae is most resistant to antimicrobial action of soft and purified propolis extracts as compared with gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis bacteria (P<0.05), gram-negative Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Proteus mirabilis (P<0.05), sporeforming Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus bacteria (P<0.05), and fungus Candida albicans (P<0.05). There is no statistically significant difference between antimicrobial effect of soft propolis extract and purified propolis extract on gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria, spore-forming bacteria, encapsulated bacteria, and Candida fungus. Conclusions. Soft and purified propolis extracts possess antimicrobial activity. They could be recommended as natural preservatives in the manufacture of pharmaceutical products.

scholarly journals Atividade antimicrobiana dos extratos metanólicos de diferentes espécies do gênero Lippia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e22610918051
Author(s):  
Soraya Castro Trindade ◽  
Jurandi Nery Pereira-Filho ◽  
Laerte Oliveira Barreto Neto ◽  
Thais Brito de Oliveira Moura ◽  
Antonio Pedro Fróes de Farias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Candida Glabrata ◽  
Micrococcus Luteus ◽  
Salmonella Choleraesuis

As espécies do gênero Lippia (Verbenaceae) possuem diversas moléculas bioativas, oriundas do seu metabolismo secundário, que apresentam atividade antimicrobiana, analgésica, antifúngica e imunomoduladora. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a atividade antimicrobiana in vitro do extrato metanólico das folhas de L. alnifolia, L. origanoides, L. insignis e L. thymoides frente a microrganismos de importância clínica.  Foi realizada uma triagem fitoquímica dos extratos das plantas e a avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana pelo método de difusão em disco, além da determinação da concentração inibitória mínima (MIC) frente às bactérias Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Micrococcus luteus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus e Salmonella choleraesuis, e os fungos Candida albicans e Candida glabrata. A presença de saponinas, terpenos, esteroides, cumarinas, ácidos fenólicos e flavonoides foi observada na análise fitoquímica. Os extratos metanólicos das folhas de L. alnifolia, L. origanoides e L. insignis apresentaram atividade antimicrobiana contra todas os microrganismos testados. O extrato metanólico da L. thymoides apresentou atividade antimicrobiana frente aos microrganismos M. luteus, P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, C. albicans e C. glabrata. A maioria dos extratos apresentou atividade bacteriostática e todos os extratos apresentaram atividade fungistática para C. albicans e fungicida para C. glabrata. A utilização dos extratos de Lippia pode ser uma alternativa viável no tratamento de doenças infecciosas de origem bacteriana e fúngica.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Antimicrobial Activity of Rhaponticum (Rhaponticum Carthamoides D.C. Iljin) and Shrubby Cinquefoil (Potentilla Fruticosa L.)

Medicina ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vilma Jurkštienė ◽  
Alvydas Pavilonis ◽  
Daiva Garšvienė ◽  
Algirdas Juozulynas ◽  
Laimutė Samsonienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Potentilla Fruticosa ◽  
Rhaponticum Carthamoides

The aim of the study was to determine antimicrobial activity of rhaponticum and shrubby cinquefoil extracts. Material and Methods. Ethanol extract from the leaves of rhaponticum (Rhaponticum carthamoides D.C. Iljin) and shrubby cinquefoil (Potentilla fruticosa L.) was produced at the Department of Food Technology, Kaunas University of Technology. The antimicrobial activity of the viscous extract or rhaponticum and shrubby cinquefoil was evaluated using standard microorganism cultures (bacteria Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 33499, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Proteus mirabilis ATCC 12459, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Bacillus cereus ATCC 8035 and fungi Candida albicans ATCC 60193). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the examined preparations was determined. Results. Both studied preparations – rhaponticum (Rhaponticum carthamoides D.C. Iljin) and shrubby cinquefoil (Potentilla fruticosa L.) – demonstrated similar antimicrobial activity. The highest sensitivity to the studied preparations was observed in microbes with eukaryotic cell structure: Candida albicans, which is a fungus, and a spore-forming prokaryotic bacterium, Bacillus cereus. The highest resistance was observed in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Conclusions. The studied preparations – viscous extracts of rhaponticum and shrubby cinquefoil – are substances with antimicrobial activity against gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis) and gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Proteus mirabilis) bacteria, spore-forming bacteria (Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus), and fungi (Candida albicans).

The Antimicrobial Activity of Extracts of the Lichen Cetraria aculeata and Its Protolichesterinic Acid Constituent

2003 ◽  
Vol 58 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 850-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayşen Özdemir Türk ◽  
Meral Yılmaz ◽  
Merih Kıvanç ◽  
Hayrettin Türk
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Abstract In this study, the antimicrobial activity of the acetone, diethyl ether and ethanol extracts of the lichen Cetraria aculeata has been investigated. The extracts were tested against twelve bacteria and eight fungi and found active against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Aeromonas hydrophila, Proteus vulgaris, Streptococcus faecalis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Listeria monocytogenes. No antimicrobial activity against the fungi was detected. It was determined that only one substance in the extracts has antimicrobial activity and it was characterized as protolichesterinic acid. The MICs of the extracts and protolichesterinic acid were also determined.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization and Crystal Structures of Fluoro-Substituted Aroylhydrazones with Antimicrobial Activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-547
Author(s):  
Fu-Ming Wang ◽  
Li-Jie Li ◽  
Guo-Wei Zang ◽  
Tong-Tong Deng ◽  
Zhong-Lu You
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
1H Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Diphenyl Tetrazolium Bromide

A series of five new fluoro-substituted aroylhydrazones were prepared and structurally characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV-Vis and 1H NMR spectroscopy, as well as single crystal X-ray diffraction. The compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas fluorescence) and antifungal (Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger) activities by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) method. The biological assay indicated that the presence of the electron-withdrawing groups in the aroylhydrazones improved their antimicrobial activities.

Identification and Quantitation of Usnic Acid from the Lichen Usnea Species of Anatolia and Antimicrobial Activity

2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 773-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Demet Cansaran ◽  
Didem Kahya ◽  
Ender Yurdakulol ◽  
Orhan Atakol
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Usnic Acid ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Usnea Longissima ◽  
Acetone Extracts

Abstract Six species of lichens, such as Usnea florida, Usnea barbata, Usnea longissima, Usnea rigida, Usnea hirta and Usnea subflorida, were collected from different areas of Anatolia (district of Antalya, Karabük, Çankırı, Giresun and Trabzon) in Turkey. Their usnic acid amounts in acetone extracts were determined by HPLC. In addition, antimicrobial activities of these extracts were determined against Escherichia coli (ATCC 35218), Enterococcus faecalis (RSKK 508), Proteus mirabilis (Pasteur Ens. 235), Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus megaterium. It was shown that with increasing amount of usnic acid, the antimicrobial activity increased. Usnic acid contents of Usnea species varied between 0.22-6.49% of dry weight.

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