The physicochemical and DNA binding studies of some medicinal compounds in solutions

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbas Khan ◽  
Naila ◽  
Muhammad Humayun ◽  
Muhammad Sufaid Khan ◽  
Luqman Ali Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Binding Constants ◽  
Physicochemical Study ◽  
Solution Temperature ◽  
Binding Studies ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Medicinal Compounds ◽  
Association Behavior

Abstract To understand the expected mode of action, the physicochemical study on the solution properties of medicinal compounds and their interaction with deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), under varying experimental conditions, is of prime importance. The present research work illustrates the physicochemical study and interaction of certain medicinal compounds such as; Levofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, and Ibuprofen with DNA. Density, viscosity and surface tension measurements have been performed in order to determine, in a systematic manner, the physicochemical, volumetric and thermodynamic properties of these compounds; and most of these parameters have shown different behavior with varying concentration of solution, temperature of the medium and chemical nature/structure of the compound. In addition, these drugs showed a spontaneous surface-active and association behavior in aqueous solutions. The flow behavior, surface properties, volumetric behavior and solute–solvent interaction of these drugs were prominently influenced by experimental variables and addition of DNA to their solutions. UV–Visible spectroscopy was also used to examine the interaction of these drugs with DNA in aqueous media in detail. Calculated values of binding constants (Kb) for all complexes of drug-DNA are positive, indicating a fruitful binding process. It is seen that a smaller Kb value reflects weaker binding of the drug with DNA and vise versa. Due to the difference in the chemical structure of drugs the values of binding constant are different for various drug-DNA complexes and follow the order Kb(Levofloxacin-DNA) > Kb(Ciprofloxacin-DNA) > Kb(Ibuprofen-DNA). On the basis of spectral changes and Kb it can be said that the binding of all these drugs with DNA may be of physicochemical nature and the dominating binding force be of hydrogen bonding between oxygen of drugs and hydrogen of DNA units and the drug having more oxygen atoms showed stronger binding ability. The data further suggest a limited possibility of chemical type attachment of these drugs with DNA.

scholarly journals Binding Constants of Clinical Drugs and Other Organic Ligands with Human and Mammalian Serum Albumins

Biophysica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 344-358
Author(s):  
Igor Sedov ◽  
Alena Nikiforova ◽  
Diliara Khaibrakhmanova
Keyword(s):  
Binding Constants ◽  
Organic Ligands ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Binding Studies ◽  
Serum Albumins ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Equilibrium Binding ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Properties ◽  
Clinical Drugs ◽  
Experimental Values

A dataset containing the experimental values of the equilibrium binding constants of clinical drugs, and some other organic ligands with human and mammalian (predominantly bovine) serum albumins, is assembled. The affinity of drugs to albumin governs their pharmacokinetic properties, related to permeability through physiological barriers and distribution within the organism. The dataset contains 1755 records gathered from 346 original literature sources describing the albumin affinity of 324 different substances. The data were extracted from both articles and existing protein-binding databases applied strict data selection rules in order to exclude the values influenced by the third-party compounds. The dataset provides the details on the experimental conditions of the measurements, such as temperature; protein and ligand concentrations; buffer pH, composition and concentration; and the method and model used for the binding constant calculations. Analysis of the data reveals discrepancies between the values from different studies, as well as the significant influence of the measurement method. Averaging the values from multiple independent measurements from the dataset may help to determine the reliable values of the binding constants. The dataset can be used as the reference dataset for the development of predictive models to calculate binding constants, and as the choice for the experimental setup in the future albumin-binding studies.

Study of Photocatalytic Dergradation, Kinetics and Microbial Activities of Copper (ii) Soya Urea Complex in Non Aqueous Media

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vandana Sukhadia ◽  
Rashmi Sharma ◽  
Asha Meena
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Solvent Polarity ◽  
Urea Complex ◽  
Pseudo First Order Reaction ◽  
Aqueous Solvent

Aims: The aim of this research work is to synthesise, study and analyse photocatalytic degradation, kinetics and microbial activity of new surfactant Copper (II) soya urea complex(CSU). Background: Photocatalytic degradation has attracted the attention of scientific community throughout the world due to its multiple applications in environment, energy, waste water treatment, pollution control, green chemistry, etc. Copper (II) soya urea complex has been synthesized and characterized through FT-IR, NMR, ESR studies. Objective: Present work deals with the study of photocatalytic degradation of Copper (II) soya urea complex by using ZnO as semiconductor. This study employs a semiconductor catalyst using non polar and non aqueous solvent in photocatalytic degradation. Reaction rate is chosen as the photocatalytic activity, which has been governed by several factors. Antibacterial activities of Copper (II) complex have also been studied against Staphylococcus aureus. Method: Optical density (O.D.) was measured after different time intervals spectrophotometrically to measure the degradation of complex. Mueller-Hinton agar medium was used for antimicrobial activity of synthesized compound at different concentrations by disk/ well diffusion susceptibility testing. Result: Plot of 2+log O.D. (absorbance) versus time was plotted and found linear. The heterogeneous photocatalysis followed pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics.The present study suggests that Copper (II) soya urea (CSU) complex shows antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus at different concentrations. Conclusion: The results were used to determine the rate of photocatalytic degradation of CSU complex .It has been found that rate of degradation varies with different parameters like concentration of complex, amount of catalyst, light intensity, solvent polarity etc. CSU complex derived from soyabean oil has been shown an inhibitory effect on the growth of S. aureus which may causes skin disease.

scholarly journals Ultrafiltration Method for Plasma Protein Binding Studies and Its Limitations

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 382
Author(s):  
Camelia-Maria Toma ◽  
Silvia Imre ◽  
Camil-Eugen Vari ◽  
Daniela-Lucia Muntean ◽  
Amelia Tero-Vescan
Keyword(s):  
Protein Binding ◽  
Plasma Protein Binding ◽  
Plasma Protein ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Binding Studies ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Key Aspects

Plasma protein binding plays a critical role in drug therapy, being a key part in the characterization of any compound. Among other methods, this process is largely studied by ultrafiltration based on its advantages. However, the method also has some limitations that could negatively influence the experimental results. The aim of this study was to underline key aspects regarding the limitations of the ultrafiltration method, and the potential ways to overcome them. The main limitations are given by the non-specific binding of the substances, the effect of the volume ratio obtained, and the need of a rigorous control of the experimental conditions, especially pH and temperature. This review presents a variety of methods that can hypothetically reduce the limitations, and concludes that ultrafiltration remains a reliable method for the study of protein binding. However, the methodology of the study should be carefully chosen.

Free-base corroles: determination of deprotonation constants in non-aqueous media

2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (04) ◽  
pp. 269-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Shen ◽  
Zhongping Ou ◽  
Jianguo Shao ◽  
Michał Gałęzowski ◽  
Daniel T. Gryko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Equilibrium Constants ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Free Base ◽  
Organic Base ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Spectral Changes ◽  
Base Analysis ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
The Given

A series of free-base corroles with different electron-donating or electron-withdrawing substituents were reacted with piperidine, 4-aminopyridine, 2-methylimidazole, 2-aminopyridine or pyridine in PhCN and the UV-visible spectral changes monitored during conversion of ( Cor ) H 3 to [( Cor ) H 2]- as a function of the concentration and strength of the added organic base. Analysis of the UV-visible spectral changes as a function of the added base concentration enabled calculation of equilibrium constants ( logK ) for deprotonation of each corrole under the given experimental conditions. Relationships are examined between the experimentally measured logK values and previously published spectroscopic and structural properties of the compounds.

scholarly journals Iodination of insulin in aqueous and organic solvents

1969 ◽  
Vol 115 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Massaglia ◽  
U. Rosa ◽  
G. Rialdi ◽  
C. A. Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Molecular Conformation ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Native Structure ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Polar Environment ◽  
Polar Area ◽  
The Difference ◽  
A Chain

1. The iodination of insulin was studied under various experimental conditions in aqueous media and in some organic solvents, by measuring separately the uptake of iodine by the four tyrosyl groups and the relative amounts of monoiodotyrosine and di-iodotyrosine that are formed. In aqueous media from pH1 to pH9 the iodination occurs predominantly on the tyrosyl groups of the A chain. Some organic solvents increase the iodine uptake of the B-chain tyrosyl groups. Their efficacy in promoting iodination of Tyr-B-16 and Tyr-B-26 is in the order: ethylene glycol and propylene glycol≃methanol and ethanol>dioxan>8m-urea. 2. It is suggested that each of the four tyrosyl groups in insulin has a different environment: Tyr-A-14 is fully exposed to the solvent; Tyr-A-19 is sterically influenced by the environmental structure, possibly by the vicinity of a disulphide interchain bond; Tyr-B-16 is embedded into a non-polar area whose stability is virtually independent of the molecular conformation; Tyr-B-26 is probably in a situation similar to Tyr-B-16 with the difference that its non-polar environment depends on the preservation of the native structure.

scholarly journals Visible Light Induced Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation of Industrial Effluents (Rhodamine B) in Aqueous Media Using TiO2Nanoparticles

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. O. Carneiro ◽  
A. P. Samantilleke ◽  
P. Parpot ◽  
F. Fernandes ◽  
M. Pastor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visible Light ◽  
Rhodamine B ◽  
Colloidal Stability ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Intermediate Compound ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Textile Materials

In recent years, new textile materials have been developed through the use of nanotechnology-based tools. The development of textile surfaces with self-cleaning properties has a large combined potential to reduce the environmental impact related to pollution. In this research work, three types of textiles substrates (cotton, Entretela, and polylactic acid (PLA)) were functionalized with titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2) using chemical and mechanical processes (padding). During the functionalization process, two different methods were used, both of which allowed a good fixation of nanoparticles of TiO2on textile substrates. The samples were examined for morphology and for photocatalytic properties under visible light irradiation. A study aimed at evaluating the effect of pH of the aqueous solution of TiO2nanoparticles was performed in order to promote interaction between TiO2and the dye solution rhodamine B (Rh-B). The TiO2nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The measurement of the zeta potential of the TiO2nanoparticle solution proved to be always positive and have low colloidal stability. Chromatography (HPLC and GC-MS) analyses confirm that oxalic acid is the intermediate compound formed during the photodegradation process.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization, and BSA Binding Studies of Some New Benzamides Related to Schiff Base

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Prashanth ◽  
M. Madaiah ◽  
H. D. Revanasiddappa ◽  
K. N. Amruthesh
Keyword(s):  
Schiff Base ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Binding Constants ◽  
Spectral Studies ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Binding Studies ◽  
Mass Spectral ◽  
H Nmr

Condensation of amine 1 with aldehyde 2 gives Schiff base, N-(4-((benzofuran-2-ylmethylene) amino)phenyl)acetamide 3. Schiff base on N-acylation with different substituted acid chlorides in the presence of triethylamine gives the corresponding benzamides, N-acetyl-N-(4-((benzofuran-2-ylmethylene)amino)phenyl)substitutedbenzamide (NABP) 5a–j. The structures of newly synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, 1H NMR, 13C NMR FT-IR, and mass spectral studies. Compounds 3 and 5a–j have been screened for their antimicrobial activity using the disc diffusion and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method against the selected bacterial and fungal strain. Compounds 5a, 5e, 5g, and 5h were found to be more active against all tested strains. The antioxidant properties were evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and superoxide radical scavenging methods. Compounds 5i and 5j showed predominant antioxidant activities among the synthesized analogues. The interaction between NABP and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was investigated using fluorescence and ultraviolet spectroscopic techniques at 298 K under imitated physiological conditions. The results revealed that NABP caused the fluorescence quenching of BSA through a static quenching procedure. The binding constants and the number of binding sites were calculated. The binding distance between the donor (BSA) and acceptor (NABP) was determined based on Forster’s theory.

scholarly journals NAD(P)H-dependent aldose reductase from the xylose-assimilating yeast Candida tenuis: Isolation, characterization and biochemical properties of the enzyme

1997 ◽  
Vol 326 (3) ◽  
pp. 683-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilfried NEUHAUSER ◽  
Dietmar HALTRICH ◽  
Klaus D. KULBE ◽  
Bernd NIDETZKY
Keyword(s):  
Aldose Reductase ◽  
Binding Constants ◽  
Catalytic Efficiency ◽  
Anion Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Competitive Inhibitor ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Product Inhibition ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Binding Studies ◽  
Coenzyme Binding

During growth on D-xylose the yeast Candida tenuis produces one aldose reductase that is active with both NADPH and NADH as coenzyme. This enzyme has been isolated by dye ligand and anion-exchange chromatography in yields of 76%. Aldose reductase consists of a single 43 kDa polypeptide with an isoelectric point of 4.70. Initial velocity, product inhibition and binding studies are consistent with a compulsory-ordered, ternary-complex mechanism with coenzyme binding first and leaving last. The catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) in D-xylose reduction at pH 7 is more than 60-fold higher than that in xylitol oxidation and reflects significant differences in the corresponding catalytic centre activities as well as apparent substrate-binding constants. The enzyme prefers NADP(H) approx. 2-fold to NAD(H), which is largely due to better apparent binding of the phosphorylated form of the coenzyme. NADP+ is a potent competitive inhibitor of the NADH-linked aldehyde reduction (Ki 1.5 μM), whereas NAD+ is not. Unlike mammalian aldose reductase, the enzyme from C. tenuisis not subject to oxidation-induced activation. Evidence of an essential lysine residue located in or near the coenzyme binding site has been obtained from chemical modification of aldose reductase with pyridoxal 5′-phosphate. The results are discussed in the context of a comparison of the enzymic properties of yeast and mammalian aldose reductase.

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