scholarly journals The impact of indoor air temperature on the executive functions of human brain and the physiological responses of body

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Mohammad Abbasi ◽  
Majid Motamedzadeh ◽  
Mohsen Aliabadi ◽  
Rostam Golmohammadi ◽  
Leili Tapak
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functions ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Heart Beat ◽  
Temperature Conditions ◽  
Beat Rate ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Heart Beat Rate ◽  
The Impact

Background: This study aimed to investigate the effect size (ES) of air temperature on the executive functions of human brain and body physiological responses. Methods: In this empirical study, the participants included 35 male students who were exposed to 4 air temperature conditions of 18°C, 22°C, 26°C and 30°C in 4 separate sessions in an air conditioning chamber. The participants were simultaneously asked to take part in the N-backtest. The accuracy, electrocardiogram (ECG) signals and the respiration rate were recorded to determine the effect of air temperature. Results: Compared to moderate air temperatures (22°C), high (30°C) and low (18°C) air temperatures had a much more profound effect on changes in heart beat rate, the accuracy of brain executive functions and the response time to stimuli. There were statistically significant differences in the accuracy by different workload levels and various air temperature conditions(P<0.05). Although the heart beat rate index, the ratio between low frequency and high frequency (LF/HF), and the respiratory rate were more profoundly affected by the higher and lower air temperatures than moderate air temperatures (P<0.05), this effect was not statistically significant, which may be due to significant reduction in the standard deviation of normal-to normal intervals (SNND) and the root of mean squared difference between adjacent normal heart beat (N-N) intervals (RMSSD) (P>0.05). Conclusion: The results confirmed that the unfavorable air temperatures may considerably affect the physiological responses and the cognitive functions among indoor employees.Therefore, providing them with thermal comfort may improve their performance within indoor environments.

scholarly journals The Impact of Hand Grip Strength Exercises on the Target Shooting Accuracy Score for Archers

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Süreyya Yonca Sezer
Keyword(s):  
Grip Strength ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Hand Grip Strength ◽  
Heart Beat ◽  
Accuracy Score ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Beat Rate ◽  
Strength Exercises ◽  
Heart Beat Rate ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of hand grip strength exercises on the target shooting accuracy score for male archers. Thirty male archers (n1=15, 19.85±1.35, n2=15 19.71±1.31) ranging 18-20 years old were included in our study from the archery team of the city of Elazig, department of youth sports.The experiment group has been through our exercise program one hour/day, three days/week for a duration of 12 weeks. Same tests and measurements (age, height, weight, heart beat rate at rest, heart beat rate at exercise, hand grip strength, sit-up, pull-up, push-up, target shooting accuracy test) have been performed for assessment during the week before and during the week after the exercise program.Kruskal Wallis H test and t test are used to analyze the variation in the strength test results. Regression analysis is used to study the impact of strength exercises on the target shooting accuracy scores. Statistically, we observe that the hand strength grip exercise performed on the experiment group has significant impact on the hand grip strengths (before exercise 63.21±5.81, after exercise 75.12±5.80) (p=0,001) and the target shooting accuracy scores (before exercise 58.21±4.72, after exercise 69.12±3.24) (p=0,001).Finaly, we can conclude that the hand grip strength and its exercise have significant value in archery and that hand grip strength exercise is one of the factors that improve the target shooting accuracy scores positively.

scholarly journals On the Stability of a Stochastic Nonlinear Model of the Heart Beat Rate During a Treadmill Exercise

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 16457-16461
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mostafa Asheghan ◽  
Bahram Shafai ◽  
Joaquín Míguez
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Model ◽  
Treadmill Exercise ◽  
Heart Beat ◽  
Beat Rate ◽  
Heart Beat Rate ◽  
The Stability

scholarly journals Heatwaves during low tide are critical for the physiological performance of intertidal macroalgae under global warming scenarios

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Román ◽  
Salvador Román ◽  
Elsa Vázquez ◽  
Jesús Troncoso ◽  
Celia Olabarria
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Sublethal Effects ◽  
Seawater Temperature ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Physiological Performance ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Cystoseira Tamariscifolia ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe abundance and distribution of intertidal canopy-forming macroalgae are threatened by the increase in sea surface temperature and in the frequency and intensity of heatwaves caused by global warming. This study evaluated the physiological response of predominant intertidal macroalgae in the NW Iberian Peninsula (Bifurcaria bifurcata, Cystoseira tamariscifolia and Codium tomentosum) to increased seawater temperature during immersion and increased air temperatures during consecutive emersion cycles. We combined field mensuration and laboratory experiments in which we measured mortality, growth, maximum quantum yield and C:N content of the macroalgae. Air temperature was a critical factor in determining physiological responses and survivorship of all species, whereas high seawater temperature had sublethal effects. Cystoseira tamariscifolia suffered the greatest decreases in Fv/Fm, growth and the highest mortality under higher air temperatures, whereas C. tomentosum was the most resistant and resilient species. Two consecutive cycles of emersion under atmospheric heatwaves caused cumulative stress in all three macroalgae, affecting the physiological performance and increasing the mortality. The potential expansion of the warm-temperate species B. bifurcata, C. tamariscifolia and C. tomentosum in the NW Iberian Peninsula in response to increasing seawater temperature may be affected by the impact of increased air temperature, especially in a region where the incidence of atmospheric heatwaves is expected to increase.

scholarly journals The Impact of Infiltration on Heating Systems Dimensioning in Estonian Climate

2020 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 05004
Author(s):  
Raimo Simson ◽  
Taaniel Rebane ◽  
Martin Kiil ◽  
Martin Thalfeldt ◽  
Jarek Kurnitski
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Heat Losses ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Heating Systems ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Calculation Models

In this study we analysed the climatic conditions for infiltration estimation, different calculation methods and infiltration impact on heat load for heating systems dimensioning. To determine the wind conditions at low air temperatures of the coastal- and inland climatic zones in Estonia, 42 years of climatic data for Tallinn and Tartu were investigated. Calculation models with detailed air leakages were constructed of a single and two-storey detached house using dynamic simulation software IDA ICE. Simulations were carried out with the constructed calculation models, simulating various wind and sheltering conditions to determine the heating load of the buildings under measured wind conditions at the design external air temperatures. The simulation results were compared with results calculated with European Standard EN 12831:2017, methodology given in the Estonian regulation for calculating energy performance of buildings and with simulations using the default settings in IDA ICE based on the ASHRAE design day conditions. The percentage of heat losses caused by infiltration was found as 13-16% of all heat losses for the studied buildings. Simulations with historical climate periods showed that even in windy weather conditions the heating system dimensioned by the methods analysed may not be able to provide the required indoor air temperature. Analysis using the coldest and windiest periods showed that when systems are dimensioned by the studied methods, the highest decline in indoor air temperature occurs on the windiest day and not on the coldest day. The impact of high wind speeds and low sheltering conditions resulted up to 50% of all heat losses.

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