Asymmetries Identified in Sit-to-Stand Task Explain Physical Function After Hip Fracture

This chapter discusses the impact of hip fracture in older age and in particular factors affecting recovery of physical function and wellbeing. It focuses particularly on a study of the impact of depression following hip fracture in older adults, and the influence of this depression on a range of outcomes including immune function, stress hormones, illness perceptions, physical function, and length of stay in health service and rehabilitation facilities. It shows that depression is common following hip fracture among older people, and is the biggest predictor of a slower recovery and poorer function in terms of immunity, wellbeing and physical ability. A pilot study associated with this research showed that illness perceptions following hip fracture did not differ between UK and Punjabi older adults, but that Punjabi speakers in India had greater levels of distress. Implications for health service policy and practice resulting from this research are discussed in this chapter, including potential intervention strategies to improve outcomes after hip fracture.

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A study protocol of Older Person’s Exercise and Nutrition Study (OPEN) - a sit-to-stand activity combined with oral protein supplement – effects on physical function and independence: a cluster randomized clinical trial

BMC Geriatrics ◽

10.1186/s12877-018-0824-1 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Helena Grönstedt ◽

Sofia Vikström ◽

Tommy Cederholm ◽

Erika Franzén ◽

Åke Seiger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Physical Function ◽

Randomized Clinical Trial ◽

Study Protocol ◽

Protein Supplement ◽

Sit To Stand ◽

Nutrition Study ◽

Cluster Randomized

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Physical function and lean body mass as predictors of bone loss after hip fracture: a prospective follow-up study

BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽

10.1186/s12891-020-03401-3 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tuuli H. Suominen ◽

Johanna Edgren ◽

Anu Salpakoski ◽

Mauri Kallinen ◽

Tomas Cervinka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hip Fracture ◽

Bone Loss ◽

Physical Function ◽

Lean Body Mass ◽

Body Mass ◽

Follow Up Study

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Comparison of difficulty with activities of daily living in elderly adults undergoing hemodialysis and community-dwelling individuals: a cross-sectional study

Renal Replacement Therapy ◽

10.1186/s41100-019-0250-7 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Toshiki Kutsuna ◽

Yusuke Isobe ◽

Takaaki Watanabe ◽

Yusuke Matsunaga ◽

Satomi Kusaka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Function ◽

Grip Strength ◽

Gait Speed ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Test Time ◽

Control Group ◽

Elderly Adults ◽

Sit To Stand ◽

Difficulty Score ◽

Usual Gait Speed

Abstract Background Elderly adults undergoing hemodialysis (HD) have multiple comorbidities, physical frailty, and functional dependence with activities of daily living (ADL). ADL difficulty is an early predictor of ADL dependency in community-dwelling elderly adults. However, the characteristics of ADL difficulty in patients undergoing HD have not yet been reported. The present study aimed to examine the current status and characteristics of physical function and ADL difficulty in ambulatory elderly patients undergoing HD. Methods In all, 136 elderly outpatients undergoing HD and 40 community-dwelling controls participated in the present study. The characteristics, physical function (SARC-F score, grip strength, five-times sit-to-stand test time, usual gait speed, maximum gait speed, and short physical performance battery score), and scores from the ADL difficulty questionnaires [difficulty related to upper limb (U/L) and lower limb (L/L) functions] were compared between the HD and control groups. Multiple regression analysis was performed to examine whether the characteristics of physical function were able to discriminate ADL difficulty in the HD group. Results The HD group had a significantly greater SARC-F score, lower grip strength, longer five-times sit-to-stand test time, slower usual gait speed, slower maximum gait speed, lower short physical performance battery score, and lower U/L and L/L ADL difficulty scores compared to the control group (all P < 0.001). The distribution of U/L and L/L ADL difficulty scores showed a wider variation in the HD group than in the control group. The U/L ADL difficulty score was independently associated with the SARC-F score (β = −0.52, P < 0.001) and grip strength (β = 0.21, P = 0.02). The L/L ADL difficulty score was independently associated with the SARC-F score (β = −0.56, P < 0.001) and usual gait speed (β = 0.35, P < 0.001). Conclusions The elderly HD group had a poorer physical function and experienced stronger ADL difficulty than the control group. There was an association between ADL difficulty and sarcopenia or poor physical function among patients undergoing HD. These findings provide useful data for effective clinical management to prevent decline of ADL in ambulatory elderly patients undergoing HD.

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The importance of weak physical performance in older adults for the development of musculoskeletal pain that interferes with normal life. A prospective cohort study

Scandinavian Journal of Pain ◽

10.1515/sjpain-2019-0041 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (4) ◽

pp. 789-796

Author(s):

Stina Lilje ◽

Johan Sanmartin Berglund ◽

Peter Anderberg ◽

Lina Palmlöf ◽

Eva Skillgate

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Physical Function ◽

Grip Strength ◽

Physical Performance ◽

Musculoskeletal Pain ◽

National Study ◽

Risk Of Falling ◽

Normal Life ◽

Sit To Stand ◽

Proprioceptive Function

Abstract Background and aims There are associations between pain, comorbidity and risk of falling, and falling increases the risk of mortality in older persons, but few studies have investigated the development of pain as a result of impaired physical function. The aim of this study was to examine possible associations between weak physical performance and the development of musculoskeletal pain that interferes with normal life in a sample of older adults. The sample derived from a national, longitudinal multicenter study; the Swedish National Study on Ageing and Care; SNAC-B. Methods The participants (n = 490) were between 60 and 78 years at the baseline examinations. Three variables were chosen for the exposure physical function, from the baseline examinations; One Leg Stand, Grip strength and Sit-to-Stand. The outcome musculoskeletal pain that interferes with normal life was measured using EQ5D and SF-12 6 years later, and logistic regression was used to investigate possible associations between the exposures and the outcome. Results Maximum grip strength (Grippit) was inversely associated with musculoskeletal pain that interferes with normal life (OR 2.31; 95% CI 1.15–4.61), and One-Leg Stand and Sit-to-Stand were not associated with the development of pain (OR 1.30; 95% CI 0.64–2.64) and (OR 0.91; 95% CI 0.45–1.86), respectively. Conclusions Weak grip strength was inversely associated with the development of musculoskeletal pain that interferes with normal life in older adults. Implications Impaired proprioceptive function, strength and mobility in elderly with pain have been found in earlier research. Since pain increases the risk of falling, it is important to investigate if it may develop as a function of an impaired physical function. The results of the present study could be of importance for future prevention programs aiming to protect elderly from falling.

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