Altered Social Decision Making in Borderline Personality Disorder: An Ultimatum Game Study

Abstract Social value orientation (SVO) characterizes stable individual differences by an inherent sense of fairness in outcome allocations. Using the event-related potential (ERP), this study investigated differences in fairness decision-making behavior and neural bases between individuals with prosocial and proself orientations using the Ultimatum Game (UG). Behavioral results indicated that prosocials were more prone to rejecting unfair offers with stronger negative emotional reactions compared with proselfs. ERP results revealed that prosocials showed a larger P2 when receiving fair offers than unfair ones in a very early processing stage, whereas such effect was absent in proselfs. In later processing stages, although both groups were sensitive to fairness as reflected by an enhanced medial frontal negativity (MFN) for unfair offers and a larger P3 for fair offers, prosocials exhibited a stronger fairness effect on these ERP components relative to proselfs. Furthermore, the fairness effect on the MFN mediated the SVO effect on rejecting unfair offers. Findings regarding emotional experiences, behavioral patterns, and ERPs provide compelling evidence that SVO modulates fairness processing in social decision-making, whereas differences in neural responses to unfair vs. fair offers as evidenced by the MFN appear to play important roles in the SVO effect on behavioral responses to unfairness.

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Disadvantageous decision-making in borderline personality disorder: Partial support from a meta-analytic review

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews ◽

10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.11.019 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 72 ◽

pp. 301-309 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Christian Paret ◽

Christine Jennen-Steinmetz ◽

Christian Schmahl

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Borderline Personality Disorder ◽

Personality Disorder ◽

Borderline Personality ◽

Partial Support ◽

Analytic Review

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Explicit and implicit markers of fairness preeminence in criminal judges

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-96962-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hernando Santamaría-García ◽

Jorge Martínez Cotrina ◽

Nicolas Florez Torres ◽

Carlos Buitrago ◽

Diego Mauricio Aponte-Canencio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Ultimatum Game ◽

Reaction Times ◽

Control Group ◽

Physiological Factors ◽

Social Decision ◽

Implicit Measurement ◽

New Research ◽

Social Decision Making ◽

The Impact

AbstractAchieving justice could be considered a complex social decision-making scenario. Despite the relevance of social decisions for legal contexts, these processes have still not been explored for individuals who work as criminal judges dispensing justice. To bridge the gap, we used a complex social decision-making task (Ultimatum game) and tracked a heart rate variability measurement: the square root of the mean squared differences of successive NN intervals (RMSSD) at their baseline (as an implicit measurement that tracks emotion regulation behavior) for criminal judges (n = 24) and a control group (n = 27). Our results revealed that, compared to controls, judges were slower and rejected a bigger proportion of unfair offers. Moreover, the rate of rejections and the reaction times were predicted by higher RMSSD scores for the judges. This study provides evidence about the impact of legal background and expertise in complex social decision-making. Our results contribute to understanding how expertise can shape criminal judges’ social behaviors and pave the way for promising new research into the cognitive and physiological factors associated with social decision-making.

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Neurocognitive deficits in decision-making and planning of patients with DSM-III-R borderline personality disorder

Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1017/s0033291702006657 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 32 (8) ◽

pp. 1395-1405 ◽

Cited By ~ 109

Author(s):

E. BAZANIS ◽

R. D. ROGERS ◽

J. H. DOWSON ◽

P. TAYLOR ◽

C. MEUX ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Borderline Personality Disorder ◽

Personality Disorder ◽

Recognition Memory ◽

Frontal Lobe ◽

Visual Recognition ◽

Borderline Personality ◽

Neurocognitive Deficits ◽

Visual Recognition Memory ◽

History Of

Background. Repeated, self-damaging behaviour occurring in the context of borderline personality disorder (BPD) may reflect impairments in decision-making and planning cognition. However, there has been no systematic neuropsychological examination of these particular cognitive functions in patients diagnosed with BPD. Such investigations may improve our understanding of the possible role of brain dysfunction in BPD and improve the characterization of the psychological difficulties associated with this disorder.Method. Forty-two psychiatric patients with a diagnosis of DSM-III-R BPD (41 of whom gave a history of self-harm), without a history of specified ‘psychoses’ or current major affective disorder, were clinically assessed before completing computerized tasks of decision-making and planning previously shown to be sensitive to frontal lobe dysfunction, and tests of spatial and pattern visual recognition memory previously shown to be sensitive to frontal lobe damage and temporal lobe damage respectively. The performance of the BPD patient group was compared with that of a non-clinical control group consisting of 42 subjects.Results. The performance of the BPD patients on the decision-making task was characterized by a pattern of delayed and maladaptive choices when choosing between competing actions, and by impulsive, disinhibited responding when gambling on the outcome of their decisions. BPD patients also showed impairments on the planning task. There was no evidence of impaired visual recognition memory. Additional analyses suggested only limited effects of current medication and history of previous substance use disorder.Conclusions. These findings suggest that BPD is associated with complex impairments in dissociable cognitive processes mediated by circuitry encompassing the frontal lobes. These impairments may mediate some of the behavioural changes evident in BPD. Further work is needed to examine the specificity of these findings.

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Value computations underlying human proposer behaviour in the Ultimatum Game

10.1101/100313 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Erdem Pulcu ◽

Masahiko Haruno

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Social Interactions ◽

Cognitive Processes ◽

Social Life ◽

Ultimatum Game ◽

Social Value Orientation ◽

Social Decision ◽

Optimal Decisions ◽

Human Participants ◽

Social Decision Making

AbstractInteracting with others to decide how finite resources should be allocated between parties which may have competing interests is an important part of social life. Considering that not all of our proposals to others are always accepted, the outcomes of such social interactions are, by their nature, probabilistic and risky. Here, we highlight cognitive processes related to value computations in human social interactions, based on mathematical modelling of the proposer behavior in the Ultimatum Game. Our results suggest that the perception of risk is an overarching process across non-social and social decision-making, whereas nonlinear weighting of others’ acceptance probabilities is unique to social interactions in which others’ valuation processes needs to be inferred. Despite the complexity of social decision-making, human participants make near-optimal decisions by dynamically adjusting their decision parameters to the changing social value orientation of their opponents through influence by multidimensional inferences they make about those opponents (e.g. how prosocial they think their opponent is relative to themselves).

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Social Decision Making with Humans and Robots: Trust and Approachability Mediate Economic Decision Making

10.31234/osf.io/4aj8v ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Stephanie Tulk ◽

Eva Wiese

Keyword(s):

Decision Making ◽

Ultimatum Game ◽

Humanoid Robots ◽

Trust Game ◽

Social Decision ◽

Economic Decisions ◽

Economic Decision Making ◽

Human Likeness ◽

Social Decision Making

As humanoid robots become more advanced and commonplace, the average user may find themselves in the position of wondering if their robotic companion truly possesses a mind. It is important for scientists and designers to consider how this will likely affect our interactions with social robots. The current paper explores how social decision making with humanoid robots changes as the degree of their human-likeness changes. For that purpose, we created a spectrum of human-like agents via morphing that ranged from very robot-like to very human-like in physical appearance (in increments of 20%) and measured how this change in physical humanness affected decision-making in two economic games: Ultimatum Game (Experiment 1) and Trust Game (Experiment 2). We expected increases in human-like appearance to lead to a higher rate of punishment for unfair offers in the Ultimatum Game, and to a higher rate of trust in the Trust Game. While physical humanness did not have an impact on economic decisions in either of the experiments, follow-up analyses showed that both subjective ratings of trust and agent approachability mediated the effect of agent appearance on decision-making in both experiments. Possible consequences of these findings for human- robot interactions are discussed.

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