Between War and Tropics: Heritage Tourism in Postwar Okinawa

2008 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
GERALD FIGAL
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Heritage Tourism ◽  
World War ◽  
Okinawa Island ◽  
Military Presence ◽  
Battle Of Okinawa ◽  
Beach Resort ◽  
Prefectural Government ◽  
Japanese Tourists

Abstract This essay explores the ways in which legacies of the Battle of Okinawa (from battle site ruins to continuing U.S. military presence) and mainland Japanese desire to re-imagine Okinawa as a tropical beach resort destination have interacted with elements of heritage tourism on Okinawa Island. In this case, “heritage” becomes associated with the history and culture of the peaceful age of the premodern Ryukyu Kingdom even as World War II–related history remains deeply etched in contemporary Okinawan life and images of a Hawaii-like tropical paradise have been consciously cultivated by the prefectural government and tourism promoters to attract mainland Japanese tourists.

PTSD and Coping Resources among Survivors of a Kamikaze Attack: The Role of Character Strength

2004 ◽  
Vol 95 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1163-1171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. Chara ◽  
Kathleen A. Chara
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Coping Resources ◽  
World War ◽  
Spearman Rank Order Correlation ◽  
Character Strength ◽  
Okinawa Island ◽  
And Coping

33 survivors of the U.S.S. Emmons ( M age = 79.7 yr., SD = 2.3), which was sunk by kamikaze attacks during World War II, were given an adapted form of the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist–Civilian and a set of questions regarding 8 coping resources they may have used during the war. Participants were categorized into three groups: those who served on the Emmons at any given time during World War II (Any Service), those who experienced combat while aboard the Emmons or another ship during World War II (Any Combat), and those who were serving on board the Emmons when it was sunk during the battle for Okinawa island (Okinawa). Analyses using a one-tailed Spearman rank-order correlation indicated that scores on only one coping resource, Character Strength, were significantly correlated with lower symptoms of PTSD for all three groups (Any Service: rs = −.46, p < .01; Any Combat: rs = −.47, p < .01; Okinawa: rs = −.45, p < .05). The findings suggest that, for the survivors of the Emmons, psychological qualities, not social influences, were associated with a lower risk for developing PTSD.

The Evolution of Australia's Defence Policy in relation to Malaysia-Singapore, 1964–1971

1972 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derek McDougall
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
World War ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Military Presence ◽  
East Malaysia ◽  
Defence Policy ◽  
New Situation ◽  
Naval Force

Australia's defence commitment in Malaysia-Singapore is of long standing. In the 1920's and 1930's non-Labour governments in particular had seen the Singapore base as the linchpin of Australian security. Despite Singapore's failure to play this role during World War II, the Malaysian area continued to play an important role in Australian defence thinking in the post-1945 period. Australia began participating in the ANZAM arrangement in 1949, and subsequently committed forces in the campaign against the Malayan Communists. As early as May 1950 the Menzies Government decided to send a squadron of Dakota aircraft to Malaya. In April 1955 this commitment was considerably enlarged to include an infantry battalion, a fighter wing of two squadrons and a bomber wing of one squadron, as well as a permanent naval force of either two destroyers or two frigates. This commitment has provided the basis of the Australian military presence in the area ever since Australia “associated” herself with the Anglo-Malayan Defence Agreement in 1959, and the extension of this agreement to Malaysia in 1963. Australia adopted a cautious policy during the period of confrontation and, for fear of antagonising Indonesia unduly, did not finally make combat forces available for service in East Malaysia until February 1965. This article is concerned primarily with developments which have affected the Australian defence presence in Malaysia-Singapore since the Wilson Government took office in the United Kingdom in October 1964. It examines the Australian reaction to the march of events in Britaín which culminated in the decision to withdraw British forces from Malaysia-Singapore by the end of 1971, and the attempt by Australia to redefine her role in the light of the new situation.

scholarly journals The Public Awareness Of Heritage Monuments British Pillbox In Bachok, Kelantan From Aspect Of Heritage Tourism.

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (18) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Athmar Hashim ◽  
Siti Aisyah Muhammad ◽  
Tengku Fauzan Tengku Anwar ◽  
Iwan Zahar ◽  
Nur Farhana Shuhaimi
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Heritage Tourism ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
World War ◽  
The Public ◽  
Community Awareness ◽  
International Publishing ◽  
Open Access Article

The British pillbox monument left during World War II (1941) occurred in Kelantan and damaged yet attract the tourism. However, lesst impacted in society except for some veterans that involve. The aims to relocate the pillbox in Bachok. The objective is to study structure and emphasize community awareness. In achieving the study's objectives, various methods was used. First is field observation and set coordinates for all pillboxes, photo-taking to consolidate data, and conducted questionnaire on 100 respondents that related. The monuments can be economic resources and raise awareness of historical value as it contributes to the formation of Malaysia. Keywords: British Pillbox, Bachok coast, Heritage tourism, Kelantan. eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6i18.3087

Nakayoshi Group

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley Ueunten
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Social Group ◽  
World War ◽  
Military Presence ◽  
The U.S

This chapter is based on participant observations and interviews with Okinawan women who immigrated to the U.S. after World War II as wives of Americans men who had been stationed in Okinawa as part of the U.S. military presence there. The women, most in their 70s and 80s, were part of a small social group that gathered monthly to sing Okinawan and Japanese karaoke. The focus of the study is the agency of the women to recover and define their Okinawan identity in opposition to their marginalized positions within the context of Okinawa’s dual geopolitical subordination to Japan and the U.S.

“Riding a Stick of Dynamite”

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Joseph B. Atkins
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Military Service ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
Boot Camp ◽  
World War ◽  
The South ◽  
Battle Of Okinawa ◽  
The U.S

This chapter details Harry Dean's military service in the U.S. Navy during World War II. He was one of several actors who served in the South Pacific, including Lee Van Cleef, Lee Marvin, and Harry Dean's future acting teacher Jeff Corey. Following a description of life in Navy boot camp, the chapter discusses service on an LST (landing ship, tank), which Harry Dean described as "riding a stick of dynamite." He was ship's cook on the hardware-carrying USS LST-970, which saw service in the Battle of Okinawa -- the last major battle of the war -- and faced the death-defying missions of Japan's kamikaze pilots. The Navy lost more ships in this battle than at any other time in its history. "I was damn lucky I didn't get blown up or killed," Harry Dean said about the experience.

4 February 1942: Its Causes and Its Influence on Egyptian Politics and on the Future of Anglo-Egyptian Relations, 1937–1945

1979 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 453-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles D. Smith
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Suez Canal ◽  
World War ◽  
Canal Zone ◽  
Military Presence ◽  
British Military ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Face ◽  
Egyptian Politics

The British military presence in Egypt established in 1882 ended on 27 July 1954 with an agreement providing for withdrawal of forces from the Suez Canal Zone within twenty months. The signing was a victory for Colonel Jamāl 'Abd al-Nāsir and a defeat for Anthony Eden who had sought to retain British forces on air bases within the Zone. British attempts to regularize their occupation of Egyptian territory after World War II in the face of nationalist demands had failed, its doom foretold with the advent of the officers’ regime which took over Egypt on 23 July 1952 and exiled Fārūq three days later.

scholarly journals A segurança do Japão e os Estados Unidos da América

1969 ◽  
pp. 115-132
Author(s):  
Paulo Daniel Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
American Foreign Policy ◽  
International System ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Military Bases ◽  
World War ◽  
Okinawa Island ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Japanese Archipelago

Since the end of World War II the issues regarding Japan’s security and defense have been discussed as a natural continuation of the American Foreign Policy. Although Japan is said to decide its own foreign policy by itself after getting back its sovereignty in the 50’s，Washington has always been deciding along with Japan and justifying its acts on the conflicting international system. At the end of World War II the Cold War was the main reason for the USA to take part almost by itself in the protection of the Japanese archipelago* Nowadays，Japan is still constitutionally prohibited from maintaining conventional armed forces having to delegate this mission to the USA, which has military bases on Okinawa Island- The negative impacts of this policy are already felt by Japan especially under the constant threats from North Korea and the military and economic growth of China. After the attacks of September 11th 2001，new government leaders have been trying to make Japan less dependent on the USA. Washington will not abandon its regional policy，as shown by Prime Minister Hatoyama’s fall. For some authors，Japan must have independent deterrence ways to guarantee its security and integrity in a still hostile environment shaped by the disasters of Japan's imperialist era. This article intends to analyze the evolution of Japan's defense policy since the occupation of the Allied Powers.

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