scholarly journals A REVIEW OF BOILER OPERATIONAL RISKS IN EMPTY FRUIT BUNCH FIRED BIOPOWER PLANT

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
Fares Ahmed Alaw ◽  
Nurul Sa’aadah Sulaiman
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Risk Identification ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Generation Process ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Operational Risks

Growing popularity of biomass power generation process is connected to its label of green and cheap renewable energy. As the second-largest producer of crude palm oil, Malaysia has abundance of biomass residues from palm oil industries and other renewable organic matters which can be converted to bio-chemicals to generate electricity. However, despite institutional arrangements, policy frameworks, funding mechanisms and incentives to support the growth of the biomass industry, there are several risks which may prone to reduce efficiency of biopower boiler especially empty fruit bunch as the fuels that cannot be ignored. Boiler is one of the primary equipment of power generation plants, in a significant role in converting biofuel to electricity. With increasing numbers of potentials of biomass as raw materials for renewable energy uses, new risks may be found. Yet there has been very little research into these risks and how to prevent them. Lack of understanding of modern risk identification methods, such as HAZOP, with the biopower industry is one of the reasons for the industry’s slow growth. An industry evolves through life cycle stages and at each stage presents risk factors such as overheating, oxygen corrosion and clinker. This paper identifies several key risks associated with EFB fired biopower boiler in Malaysia. The overview of risks not only provide a perspective from which an industry’s viability can be evaluated but also help the operators to better understand key risks and improve boiler capacity as well as plan their risk mitigation strategies more effectively.

scholarly journals Modeling Sustainable Risks Mitigation Strategies Using a Morphological Analysis-Based Approach: A Real Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 12210
Author(s):  
Manel Elmsalmi ◽  
Wafik Hachicha ◽  
Awad M. Aljuaid
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Risk Identification ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Real Case ◽  
Main Step ◽  
Supply Chain Risk Management ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Process Risk

The supply chain risk management (SCRM) is very critical to strategically support the firms to continuous success. There are, at least, three basic steps in this SCRM process: risk identification, risk evaluation, and risk mitigation (treatment). Whatever happens, the main step is risk mitigation (RM) and mainly sustainable RM. In fact, every risk must be eliminated or controlled as much as possible. The purpose of this paper is to elaborate and evaluate various RM scenarios from an initial risk identification and prioritization solution. The proposed scenario modeling technique is based on morphological analysis (MA) as an explorative scenario tool for RM. MA is used to develop a framework to proactively assess critical risk variables. Firstly, MA is employed to exhaustively create possible RM scenarios and, secondly, to assess the likelihood of each scenario. The proposed approach addresses the need for a basic rubric to help identify and choose RM approaches. A real case study is provided from the food industry to illustrate the application of the proposed approach. To handle all possible MA strategies, a dedicated MORPHOL software package is used. In addition, RM strategies are selected based on sustainability indicators. The case study results prove that MA has a considerable value for SCRM. It shows that firms can adopt multiple robust strategies in the form of a scenario describing all stages of SCRM in an integrated representation.

scholarly journals METODE MITIGASI RISIKO RANTAI PASOK BAWANG MERAH

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohandes Rabiqy ◽  
Radike Radike
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Risk Identification ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Government Policies ◽  
Supply Chain Risk ◽  
Fuzzy Fmea ◽  
Risk Mitigation Strategies ◽  
The Right

This Research aimed to identify, determine and formulate the mitigation strategies of shallot supply chain risk using Fuzzy FMEA and AHP. Risk identification was performed on shallot supply chain actors include farmers (suppliers), tengkulak (distributors) and pengecer (retailers). Fuzzy FMEA was used as a tool to measure the risks identified priorities. AHP was used as a tool for determining the weighting strategies in supply chain risk mitigation strategies. Research showed that there were some risks identified on the perpetrators of the supply chain in terms of supply and demand. Risk priorities for supply chain farmers (suppliers) were risks associated with government policies that were policies related to shallot imports, the risk priority of middlemen (distributors) supply chain was risks associated with shallot imports competition, and the risk priority of retailers supply chain was a risk for competitor with other retailers. There were six alternative mitigation strategies, and the highest priority was choosing the right varieties, followed by a partnership, improve the promotion, maintain quality, maintain price stability, and maintain supplies.Keywords: AHP, Fuzzy FMEA, Risk Management, Shallot.

scholarly journals Risk Mitigation of Tobacco Supply Chain: Business Process Model

HABITAT ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-160
Author(s):  
Silvana Maulidah
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Business Process ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Business Process Model ◽  
Supply Chain Risk ◽  
Product Price

Tobacco and its industrial products are a massive business in international trade. As a potential agro-industry, the tobacco products industry requires a supply of raw materials that must meet quantity, quality and continuity. The complexity of the tobacco supply chain network and the rapidly changing world business dynamics, pose risks in its business processes. An optimal supply chain risk mitigation or risk management strategy needs for the resilience of the tobacco supply chain in the disruption. The purpose of this study is to analyze the level of risk priority and also to formulate a risk mitigation strategy for the tobacco supply chain through a business process model approach. The method of analysis is the Delphy method and the House of Risk (HoR). The business process adopted from the SCOR (Supply Chain Operations Reference) model. The results showed: the priority level of tobacco supply chain risk is: economic uncertainty, tobacco is not available at the farm level, the location of tobacco raw materials is far from production activities, product prices have risen due to customs and product demand has increased sharply. Supply chain risk of mitigation strategies includes: increasing the flow of information in the tobacco supply chain, managing the stock/supply of tobacco raw materials and processed products, evaluating distributor selection, establishing partnerships with tobacco farmers, implementing a marketing mix strategy (product, price, location, promotion), increasing coordination with relevant governments, and management of information systems and technology.

Emission Factors for Dioxin for Coal Burning, Secondary Smelting and Alloying of Aluminum, and Cement Kiln Processes

2015 ◽  
Vol 1102 ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
Yu Yen Cheng ◽  
Mei Fang Lu ◽  
Jim Jui Min Lin
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Emission Factor ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Emission Factors ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cement Kiln ◽  
Generation Process ◽  
Secondary Aluminum ◽  
Dioxin Emission ◽  
Conducting Research

While conducting research for dioxin emission factor for stationary source emission, it is found that some factors come from overestimation. The cause of discrepancy for estimating process comes often from lacking understanding of the process. The result of this study for secondary aluminum refining emission factors indicates that if raw materials are scraps, the factors averaged at 541 ng I-TEQ/Ton-raw materials. If waste aluminum is used as the raw material, factors averaged at 1338 ng I-TEQ/Ton-raw material. The factors based on site sampling for coal-fired power generation process is 24.84-549.62 ng I-TEQ/Ton-fuel. It varies according to coal sources. Emission factor for cement producing process is 95.4-102.66 ng I-TEQ/Ton-raw material. Due to fewer differences in operating traits, raw materials and fuel application for cement producing process, emission factors have smaller differences. The reliability for emission variables is relatively higher.

Modeling of Risk Management Strategies for SMEs Using ANN under Various Levels of Operational Risks

2012 ◽  
Vol 433-440 ◽  
pp. 1683-1691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piyush Singhal ◽  
Gopal Agarwal ◽  
M L Mittal
Keyword(s):  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Network Models ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Neural Network Models ◽  
Safety Stocks ◽  
Operational Risks ◽  
Multiple Sourcing ◽  
Risk Management Strategies ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Models

In competitive world, it becomes essential for the firms to consider the risks and uncertainties as the core concerns. To control the risks, various strategies like multiple sourcing, horizontal/ vertical integrations, buffer stocks etc are employed. But, out of many available risk mitigation strategies, SMEs usually prefer to keep excess safety stocks to manage the operational risks as they have feeble control and position in supply chain as well as limited means to employ other strategies, which requires skills and resources. Keeping appropriate safety stocks becomes a very complex and crucial problem for SMEs as excess stocks reduces the efficiency and shortage of it may make their position vulnerable in supply chains. Concerning to this issue, this paper focuses on operational risks with SME perspectives and explores the appropriate safety inventory levels using artificial neural network models and the results are further simulated with various settings of risk scenarios.

Potential of Palm Oil Empty Fruit Bunch as Biogas Substrate

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Vincentius Vincentius ◽  
Evita H. Legowo ◽  
Irvan S. Kartawiria
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Wastewater Sludge ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Alternative Source ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The One ◽  
Wet Fermentation ◽  
Water Ratio

Natural gas is a source of energy that comes from the earth which is depleting every day, an alternative source of energy is needed and one of the sources comes from biogas. There is an abundance of empty fruit bunch (EFB) that comes from palm oil plantation that can become a substrate for biogas production. A methodology of fermentation based on Verein Deutscher Ingenieure was used to utilize EFB as a substrate to produce biogas using biogas sludge and wastewater sludge as inoculum in wet fermentation process under mesophilic condition. Another optimization was done by adding a different water ratio to the inoculum mixture. In 20 days, an average of 6gr from 150gr of total EFB used in each sample was consumed by the microbes. The best result from 20 days of experiment with both biogas sludge and wastewater sludge as inoculum were the one added with 150gr of water that produced 2910ml and 2185ml of gas respectively. The highest CH 4 produced achieved from biogas sludge and wastewater sludge with an addition of 150gr of water to the inoculum were 27% and 22% CH 4 respectively. This shows that biogas sludge is better in term of volume of gas that is produced and CH percentage.

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