FATE OF INTRA-AMNIOTICALLY ADMINISTERED OESTRIOL-15-3H-3-SULPHATE AND OESTRIOL-16-14C-16-GLUCOSIDURONATE IN PREGNANT WOMEN AT MIDTERM

1966 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 550-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Goebelsmanna ◽  
N. Wiqvist ◽  
E. Diczfalusy ◽  
M. Levitzb ◽  
G. P. Condonc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Termination Of Pregnancy ◽  
Radioactive Material ◽  
Maternal Urine

ABSTRACT Tracer amounts of 3H-labelled oestriol-3-sulphate (OE3-3S) and 14C-labelled oestriol-16-glucosiduronate (OE3-16GI) were administered intraamniotically to two women at midterm 24 hours prior to the interruption of gestation. The radioactive metabolites present in the urine of the mother, amniotic fluid, placenta and various foetal tissues were isolated and identified. Averaging the results of the two experiments, 89% of the administered radioactive material was recovered. Thirty-six per cent of the 3H- and 12% of the 14C-labelled material was recovered from the maternal urine collected during the 24 hours preceding the termination of pregnancy, and an additional 14% of the 3H- and 4% of the 14C-labelled material during the following 96 hours. Thirty-five per cent of the 3H- and 67% of the 14C-labelled material administered were recovered from the foetal tissues and placenta.

STUDIES ON THE AROMATISATION OF NEUTRAL STEROIDS IN PREGNANT WOMEN

1964 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 560-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Bolté ◽  
S. Mancuso ◽  
G. Eriksson ◽  
N. Wiqvist ◽  
E. Diczfalusy
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Human Placenta ◽  
Uterine Artery ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Radioactive Material ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Maternal Circulation ◽  
Urine Specimens

ABSTRACT Tracer amounts of dehydroepiandrosterone-4-14C (DHA-4-14C) and dehydroepiandrosterone-7α-3H sulphate (DHAS-7α3H) were injected simultaneously into a uterine artery in two patients twelve to fifteen minutes prior to therapeutic interruption of pregnancy at laparotomy and the amniotic fluid, foetuses, placentas and urine samples were analysed for radioactive material. No radioactivity was found in the amniotic fluid. Regardless of the tracer administered, approximately 80 per cent of the radioactive material recovered from the placentas was in an unconjugated (free) form, whereas more than 80 per cent of the radioactivity present in the foetuses was in a conjugated form. More than 67 per cent of the total radioactive material in the two placentas and more than 87 per cent of that in the two foetuses was present as phenolic material. Approximately half of this phenolic material was identified as oestrone (OE1) and 17β-oestradiol (OE2). The 3H to 14C ratio of OE1 and OE2 isolated from the foetuses and urine specimens was lower than the ratio of the injected material. Corresponding 3H to 14C ratios in placental OE1 and OE2 were higher than those in foetal or urinary OE1 and OE2. Labelled oestriol (OE3) could be detected in the placentas, but not in the foetuses. However, a 16-hydroxylated phenolic intermediate (probably 16α-hydroxyoestrone) was found in one foetus studied. The results indicate that the DHA and DHAS of the maternal circulation can serve as direct precursors to placental OE2 and OE1 and as indirect precursors – via a foetal intermediate – to placental OE3. Both compounds reach the foetus mostly as phenolic material, the free form being a better precursor than the sulphate. It is suggested that – around midpregnancy at least – the human placenta functions as a barrier limiting the transfer to the foetus of androgens present in the maternal circulation.

OESTRIOL METABOLISM IN PREGNANT WOMEN

1964 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Wilson ◽  
G. Eriksson ◽  
E. Diczfalusy
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Radioactive Material ◽  
Products Of Conception ◽  
Urine Specimens

ABSTRACT Oestriol-16-14C was administered intravenously to four pregnant women prior to sterilisation and surgical interruption of pregnancy and the quantity and nature of radioactive metabolites in the products of conception, systemic venous blood and urine were studied. Thirty minutes following the injection of the isotope, less than 0.5 per cent of the administered dose was found in the amniotic fluid, foetus and placenta. Approximately 40 per cent of the radioactive material recovered from the systemic venous blood withdrawn 10 to 30 minutes following injection was unconjugated (free) oestriol. Some 15 per cent of the circulating radioactive material was identified as oestriol-3-sulphate and almost 10 per cent behaved as oestriol-3-sulphate,16(17?)-glucosiduronate. Oestriol-16(17?)-glucosiduronate was also detected, but only in minute quantities (0.5 per cent of total). The rest of the circulating radioactive material was present as unidentified »polar conjugates«. Urine specimens collected over various intervals revealed a changing pattern of conjugation. Oestriol and oestriol-3-sulphate were present only in very small amounts in all specimens studied. The bulk of radioactive material was excreted as oestriol-16(17?)-glucosiduronate and as so-called »polar glucosiduronates« (consisting of di- and perhaps triglucosiduronates of oestriol), accompanied by small, but significant, amounts of oestriol-3-sulphate,16(17?)-glucosiduronate-like radioactive material. As time passed following injection of the isotope, the amount of »polar glucosiduronates« present in the urine increased markedly. This was associated with a corresponding decrease in the amount of oestriol-16(17?)-glucosiduronate. At least 99 per cent of the oestrogen moiety of the urinary radioactive material consisted of oestriol. The recovery of radioactivity from the urine, collected during 72 hours, was low, ranging from 41 to 47 per cent.

scholarly journals Constipation – actual problem in pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 33-38
Author(s):  
T.H. Romanenko ◽  
O.V.  Morozova
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Intestinal Microflora ◽  
Termination Of Pregnancy ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Group I ◽  
Prophylactic Measures ◽  
Premature Discharge ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
In Pregnancy

The objective: is to develop a complex program for the treatment of constipation in pregnant women, including the use of Probiotic.Materials and methods. 60 pregnant women were surveyed: 30 women of group I received the proposed treatment-and-prophylactic measures, and in 30 pregnant women of group II pregnancy was conducted by traditional methods.In order to improve the intestinal microflora of pregnant women of group I was prescribed: universal Probiotic 1 capsule per os 3 times per day for 30 days 2 courses – at 12–16 and 26–30 weeks of pregnancy.Results. In pregnant of group I increased the obligate flora with a decrease in their baseline, that is, only 10.0% of women of bifidobacteria did not exceed 105 CFU/ml and accordingly 6.7% indigenous lactoflora was less than 105 CFU/ml. At the same time, the number of women with reduced obligate flora who did not receive treatment for intestinal dysbiosis remained significantly higher (p<0.05).The number of pregnant with dysbiosis among women in group I (46.7 %) was significantly lower compared to women in group II (100.0%). The III degree of dysbiosis was not observed in any case with the proposed treatment, but it occurred in every third pregnant group II. Significant increase in the normal population of bifidobacteria and lactobacteria (105 and higher CFU/ml) was observed in pregnant women of group I. Symptoms of threat of termination of pregnancy in women of group II (20,0%), and in patients of group I – (10,0%). Premature discharge of amniotic fluid, was found to be significantly less frequent (23.3% versus 46.6% in group II, p<0.05).The threat of preterm birth was recorded in 10.0% of pregnant women in group II, and in group I in one woman (3.3%). Anemia was more common in group II than in pregnant group I (56.7% versus 26.7%). The decrease in the frequency of exacerbation of chronic and the occurrence of gestational pyelonephritis among pregnant women of the I group was determined.Conclusions. The conducted researches showed high efficiency of application of symbiotic of Probiotic for the purpose of normalization of evacuation function of intestine in pregnancy, normalization of intestinal microflora. This, in turn, helped to reduce the frequency of the threat of termination of pregnancy, premature discharge of amniotic fluid, premature birth, anemia, exacerbation of pyelonephritis.

LACK OF AROMATISATION OF CIRCULATING DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE AND DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE SULPHATE IN AMENORRHOEIC WOMEN STIMULATED WITH HUMAN GONADOTROPHINS

1965 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mancuso ◽  
Francesca P. Mancuso ◽  
K.-G. Tillinger ◽  
E. Diczfalusy
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Ovarian Stimulation ◽  
Interstitial Cell ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Radioactive Material ◽  
Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulphate ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Human Menopausal Gonadotrophin ◽  
Urine Specimens ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

ABSTRACT Two amenorrhoeic women were given a course of 10 injections of human menopausal gonadotrophin (HMG) in daily doses corresponding to 260 IU of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) activity and 165 IU of interstitial cell stimulating hormone (ICSH) activity. In both patients an extensive ovarian stimulation was observed as indicated by the greatly increased urinary excretion of oestrone, 17β-oestradiol and oestriol. When HMG-treatment was followed subsequently by the administration of human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) for 5 days in a total dose of 18 000 and 30 000 IU, respectively, functional corpus luteum tissue was formed in both patients as evidenced by a huge rise in urinary pregnane-3α,20α-diol excretion and by the secretory transformation of a previously atrophic endometrium. At the approximate height of the follicular phase tracer doses of 3H-labelled dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHAS) and 14C-labelled dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA) were administered to both patients in the form of a continuous intravenous infusion of 10 hours' duration. Infusion of the same dose was repeated under identical experimental conditions at the approximate height of the luteal phase. In both patients, very little radioactive material was associated with oestrone and 17β-oestradiol and none with oestriol isolated from 96-hours' urine specimens obtained at both phases of ovarian stimulation. It is concluded that — in contradistinction to the situation in pregnant women — circulating DHAS is not a significant precursor of urinary oestrogens in non-pregnant women.

STUDIES ON THE AROMATISATION OF NEUTRAL STEROIDS IN PREGNANT WOMEN

1964 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Bolté ◽  
S. Mancuso ◽  
G. Eriksson ◽  
N. Wiqvist ◽  
E. Diczfalusy
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Comparative Studies ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotrophin ◽  
Radioactive Material ◽  
Placental Barrier ◽  
Therapeutic Abortion ◽  
Limited Ability ◽  
Better Than

ABSTRACT In 15 cases of therapeutic abortion by laparotomy the placenta was disconnected from the foetus and perfused in situ with tracer amounts of radioactive dehydroepiandrosterone (DHA), dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHAS), androst-4-ene-3,17-dione (A), testosterone (T) and 17β-oestradiol (OE2). Analysis of the placentas, perfusates and urine samples revealed an extensive aromatisation of DHA, A and T; more than 70% of the radioactive material recovered was phenolic, and at least 80 % of this phenolic material was identified as oestrone (OE1), 17β-oestradiol (OE2) and oestriol (OE3), the latter being detected only in the urine. Comparative studies indicated that A and T were aromatised somewhat better than DHA and that all three unconjugated steroids were aromatised to a much greater extent than DHAS. Radioactive OE1 and OE2 were isolated and identified in the placentas and perfusates, but no OE3, epimeric oestriols, or ring D ketols could be detected in these sources, not even when human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) was added to the blood prior to perfusion. Lack of placental 16-hydroxylation was also apparent when OE2 was perfused. Regardless of the precursor perfused, there was three times more OE2 than OE1 in the placenta and three times more OE1 than OE2 in the perfusate. This was also the case following perfusion with OE2. The results are interpreted as suggesting the existence in the pregnant human of a placental »barrier« limiting the passage of circulating androgen. The barrier consists of a) limited ability to transfer directly DHAS and b) an enzymic mechanism resulting in the rapid and extensive aromatisation of the important androgens DHA, A and T.

Is the acute psychobiological stress response in healthy pregnant women associated with amniotic fluid corticotropin-releasing hormone?

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Pearl La Marca-Ghaemmaghami ◽  
Sara M. Dainese ◽  
Roberto La Marca ◽  
Roland Zimmermann ◽  
Ulrike Ehlert
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Corticotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Releasing Hormone

METABOLISM OF DEHYDROEPIANDROSTERONE SULPHATE AND OESTRONE SULPHATE FOLLOWING IN SITU PLACENTAL PERFUSION AT MIDPREGNANCY

1971 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 637-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Schwers ◽  
T. Vancrombreucq ◽  
M. Govaerts ◽  
G. Eriksson ◽  
E. Diczfalusy
Keyword(s):  
Radioactive Material ◽  
Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulphate ◽  
Placental Perfusion ◽  
Carbon 14 ◽  
Maternal Urine ◽  
Oestrone Sulphate ◽  
Unchanged Form ◽  
Urine Specimens

ABSTRACT Two midgestation placentas were perfused in situ with a combination of [7α-3H] dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate and [4-14C] oestrone sulphate and metabolites were isolated from the placentas, perfusates and maternal urine specimens. Approximately 70 per cent of the perfused radioactive material was recovered from these three sources. The bulk of the administered radioactive material was recovered in an unchanged form from the perfusates; some 2–4 per cent was excreted in the urine and less than 0.5% was found in the placentas. The tritium to carbon-14 ratio of the unconjugated material isolated from the perfusates and placentas was higher, and that of the conjugated material recovered from the same sources was lower than the ratio of the administered material. In addition, more tritium than carbon-14 labelled material was present in the urine. Approximately 2 per cent of the perfused dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate was recovered in the form of phenolic steroids, mostly from the urine. From this source double labelled oestrone, oestriol, 16α-hydroxy-oestrone and 16-epioestriol were isolated. The tritium to carbon-14 ratio of all oestrogens isolated from the urine was higher than that of the perfused material. From the urine specimens 10 to 15 times more double labelled oestriol than oestrone was isolated.

Diagnostics of the chronic fetal hypoxia during pregnancy

1980 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 58-59
Author(s):  
S. Ya. Malinovskaya ◽  
I. P. Laricheva ◽  
P. A. Klimenko ◽  
Z. H. Baideva
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cardiac Activity ◽  
The State ◽  
Placental Lactogen ◽  
Fetal Hypoxia

In order to clarify the significance of various methods for determining the state of the fetus during its hypoxia, we studied the content of placental lactogen (PLH) in the blood and amniotic fluid, the activity of histidase and urocaninase in them, and also studied the cardiac activity of the fetus using the oxytocin test in 109 pregnant women.

Amniotic Fluid Interleukins in Swedish and Mozambican Pregnant Women

1996 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pia Axemo ◽  
Annelie Brauner ◽  
Margareta Pettersson ◽  
Lars Eriksson ◽  
Emmanuel Rwamushaija ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Pregnant Women
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