KLINEFELTER'S SYNDROME: EFFECTS OF OESTROGEN ON GROWTH HORMONE, PROLACTIN AND THYROTROPHIN RELEASE, AND ON THYROTROPHIN AND PROLACTIN RESPONSES TO THYROTROPHIN-RELEASING HORMONE

ABSTRACT In 4 normal men and 8 patients with Klinefelter's syndrome the effects of oestradiol-17 β (15μg/kg daily for 8–13 days) on serum levels of pituitary hormones were investigated. Control levels of gonadotrophins in the Klinefelter patients were significantly higher than in the normal males, whereas serum testosterone (T) levels were lower. Oestradiol induced a decrease in serum gonadotrophin concentrations in both the control subjects and the Klinefelter patients, whereas a testosterone suppression was observed in the normal subjects, but not in the Klinefelter patients. Control serum growth hormone (hGH), and prolactin (hPRL) levels were of comparable magnitude in both groups and significantly increased during oestradiol administration. Serum thyrotrophin (TSH) levels were normal before and during oestrogen treatment. Basal serum oestradiol levels were within the normal male range, and were increased during treatment. Prolactin and thyrotrophin responsiveness to TRH stimulation was examined in Klinefelter patients before and during oestrogen administration. Before treatment, hPRL responses to TRH were higher than those observed in normal men. During oestrogen treatment hPRL responses to TRH were significantly increased when compared to those observed before treatment. TSH responses to TRH were normal both before and during treatment. These studies indicate that in patients with Klinefelter's syndrome pharmacological doses of oestrogen induce different effects on the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, as regards the release of gonadotrophins, prolactin, thyrotrophin, and growth hormone, similar to those observed in normal men. This fact supports the conclusion that in Klinefelter's syndrome the abnormality in the pituitary-gonadal feedback mechanism is selectively confined to the testosterone feedback control of gonadotrophin secretion. Finally, in patients with Klinefelter's syndrome, oestrogen is capable of inducing a significant increase of the hPRL response to TRH stimulation.

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SERUM THYROTROPHIN, PROLACTIN AND GROWTH HORMONE, RESPONSE TO TRH DURING OESTROGEN TREATMENT

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.0840023 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 84 (1) ◽

pp. 23-35 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

E. Rutlin ◽

E. Haug ◽

P. A. Torjesen

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Human Subjects ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Normal Male ◽

Oestrogen Treatment ◽

Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽

Basal Serum ◽

Menopausal Women ◽

Menstruating Women ◽

Post Menopausal

ABSTRACT The serum levels of thyrotrophin (TSH), prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH) and the response of these hormones to 500 μg thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) iv were studied in menstruating women. in post-menopausal women before and after 2 mg oestradiol valerate for 5 consecutive days, and in men on long term oestrogen treatment. Oestrogen treatment had no effect on basal serum TSH levels, which were within the normal range in all groups. The TSH response to TRH was not different in menstruating and post-menopausal women and was not changed in the latter group after oestrogen treatment. In men treated chronically with oestrogens, the TSH response to TRH was similar to that found in normal male subjects. There was no difference in basal levels of serum PRL between males and menstruating females. In the post-menopausal women, however, basal levels of serum PRL was significantly decreased, but rose during oestrogen treatment to serum levels normally found in menstruating women. In the oestrogen treated males basal serum PRL levels were significantly higher than in untreated men. The PRL response to TRH was significantly greater in females than in males, but in the oestrogen treated males the PRL response to TRH was greatly increased and almost of the same magnitude as the response in females. There was no difference in PRL response between menstruating and post-menopausal women, and oestrogen treatment of the latter group had no significant effect on the PRL response. Basal levels of serum GH did not differ between the groups. In the group of 9 post-menopausal women one subject showed a small GH response to TRH prior to oestrogen treatment, while 7 subjects showed GH responses to TRH after oestrogen treatment. In the group of 5 chronically oestrogen treated men, 2 subjects had increased serum levels of GH after TRH. Thus our data show that oestrogen administration may induce PRL release in human subjects, while oestrogens seem to play a far less important role in the regulation of GH and TSH secretion.

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Síndrome de Klinefelter con deficiencia parcial de hormona de crecimiento.

Revista Medica Herediana ◽

10.20453/rmh.v10i1.2387 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 38

Author(s):

Carlos TORI TORI ◽

Carlos ROE B.

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Growth Hormone Deficiency ◽

Short Stature ◽

Klinefelter Syndrome ◽

Bone Age ◽

Hormone Deficiency ◽

Klinefelter’S Syndrome ◽

Klinefelter's Syndrome ◽

The Third ◽

Rare Association

We present a case of Klinefelter’s syndrome and short stature due to partial growth hormone deficiency. His height was below the third percentile for age and his bone age lagged behind four years. Cases like this are generally due to the presence of a an isochromosome Xq or to an isolated partial or total deficiency of growth hormone, or to partial or panhypopituitarism. We wish de emphasize the rare association between Klinefelter syndrome and growth hormone deficiency.

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HOMOLOGOUS RADIOIMMUNOASSAY FOR CANINE PROLACTIN

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.0850736 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 85 (4) ◽

pp. 736-743 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

P. J. Knight ◽

J. M. Hamilton ◽

C. G. Scanes

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Intravenous Injection ◽

Cross Reaction ◽

Normal Male ◽

Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽

Releasing Hormone ◽

Standard Curve ◽

Double Antibody

ABSTRACT A homologous double antibody radioimmunoassay has been developed for canine prolactin. Purified canine prolactin was iodinated by lactoperoxidase/H2O2 to an average of 101 ± 10.1 μCi/μg. Antiserum was used at a final dilution of 1:80 000 and at this concentration bound approximately 20% of the added tracer in the absence of competing unlabelled prolactin. Partial cross-reaction was observed with ovine and bovine prolactin but there was no cross-reaction with a highly purified canine growth hormone preparation. Dilutions of pregnant and lactating bitch sera were parallel to the purified canine prolactin standard curve. Mean prolactin levels in normal male and anoestrous females were 8.8 ± 0.8 and 12.6 ± 2.6 ng/ml, respectively. Thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH) induced a consistent elevation in prolactin levels 15–30 min after intravenous injection.

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EFFECT OF SYNTHETIC LUTEINIZING HORMONE-AND FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE-RELEASING HORMONE (LH/FSH-RH) ON SERUM LEVELS OF LH, FSH, THYROTROPHIN (TSH) AND GROWTH HORMONE (HGH) IN NORMAL MALE SUBJECTS

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.0730465 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 73 (3) ◽

pp. 465-474 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Egil Haug ◽

Peter Torjesen

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Luteinizing Hormone ◽

Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽

Normal Male ◽

Serum Growth Hormone ◽

Maximum Serum ◽

Releasing Hormone ◽

Serum Lh ◽

Male Subjects ◽

Stimulating Hormone

ABSTRACT Four normal male subjects received iv injections of synthetic luteinizing hormone- and follicle stimulating hormone-releasing hormone (LH/FSH-RH) in doses of 12.5, 25, 100, 200 and 400 μg, respectively. A dose of 12.5 μg of LH/FSH-RH caused a significant increase in serum FSH, and 25 μg significantly increased the serum LH. The peak responses occurred 15 to 30 min after the LH/FSH-RH injections in most of the experiments. The increase in the mean maximum serum LH and FSH levels was 2 to 4 fold. There was great variation in response between the subjects, but when tested repeatedly with the same dose of LH/FSH-RH a given individual responded in a consistent manner. The log dose-response curve between LH/FSH-RH and serum LH, and between LH/FSH-RH and serum FSH was approximately linear. A small but significant (P < 0.05) rise in serum thyrotrophin (TSH) was found after LH/FSH-RH in doses ranging from 25 to 400 μg. There was no significant rise in serum growth hormone (HGH). On the basis of the present study a standard 100 μg iv LH/FSH-RH test is suggested.

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Possible Oral-Facial-Digital Syndrome in a Surviving Male

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.39.1.145 ◽

1967 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 145-145

Author(s):

WONG HOCK BOON

Keyword(s):

Male Child ◽

Normal Male ◽

Klinefelter’S Syndrome ◽

Klinefelter's Syndrome ◽

Actual Fact ◽

Chromosome Karyotype

In the May issue of Pediatrics (37:812, 1966), Dr. Jacob Wahrman and his colleagues reported a male child with the oral-facial-digital syndrome whose chromosome karyotype revealed that in actual fact he was also an example of a Klinefelter's Syndrome 47 (XXY). Since the majority of these cases have been female, the authors reviewed previous published male cases and came to the conclusion that the gene for the OFD Syndrome would be lethal in a male with a normal male chromosome karyotype.

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Immunohistochemical and quantitative study of interstitial and intratubular leydig cells in normal men, cryptorchidism, and Klinefelter's syndrome

The Journal of Pathology ◽

10.1002/path.1711640405 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 164 (4) ◽

pp. 299-306 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

J. Regadera ◽

J. Codesal ◽

R. Paniagua ◽

P. Gonzalez-Peramato ◽

M. Nistal

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Study ◽

Leydig Cells ◽

Klinefelter’S Syndrome ◽

Klinefelter's Syndrome ◽

Normal Men

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Combined pyridostigmine–thyrotrophin-releasing hormone test for the evaluation of hypothalamic somatostatinergic activity in healthy normal men

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje.0.1330457 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 133 (4) ◽

pp. 457-462 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Inmyung Yang ◽

Jeongtaek Woo ◽

Sungwoon Kim ◽

Jinwoo Kim ◽

Youngseol Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Internal Medicine ◽

Growth Hormone ◽

Large Dose ◽

Trh Test ◽

Thyrotrophin Releasing Hormone ◽

Releasing Hormone ◽

School Of Medicine ◽

Prolactin Response ◽

Normal Men ◽

Different Doses

Yang I, Woo J, Kim S, Kim J, Kim Y, Choi Y. Combined pyridostigmine–thyrotrophin-releasing hormone test for the evaluation of hypothalamic somatostatinergic activity in healthy normal men. Eur J Endocrinol 1995;133:457–62. ISSN 0804–4643 Pyridostigmine (PST), a cholinesterase inhibitor, induces a clear growth hormone (GH) release in man by suppression of hypothalamic somatostatin (SRIH). Somatostatin suppresses thyrotrophin (TSH) release in rats and men. Earlier studies showed that the thryotrophin-releasing hormone (TRH)-induced TSH response was not altered by 60–120 mg of PST. We studied whether a larger dose (180 mg) of PST can increase the TSH response to TRH. Six healthy young men were studied with the following six tests: (Test 1) 200 μg of TRH iv; (Test 2) 180 mg of PST po; (Test 3) three different doses of PST (60, 120, 180 mg) + TRH; (Test 4) 100 μg of octreotide (SMS) iv; (Test 5) SMS + TRH; (Test 6) PST + SMS + TRH. A large dose of PST (180 mg) significantly augmented GH, TSH and prolactin responses to TRH, while smaller doses of PST (60 and 120 mg) did not significantly increase the responses of GH and TSH. While the increased TRH-induced prolactin response by PST was not suppressed by SMS, the increased responses of GH and TSH were suppressed remarkably by SMS. Most of the subjects noticed a mild to moderate abdominal pain, nausea and muscular fasciculation after the administration of a large dose of PST administration. These data suggest that suppression of hypothalamic SRIH secretion by 180 mg of PST can augment the TSH response to TRH. However, the considerable side effects should be minimized before clinical application of the combined PST–TRH test. Inmyung Yang, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyunghee University School of Medicine, 1 Hoiki-dong, Dongdaemoon-ku, Seoul, 130–702, Korea

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