Combination therapy approaches to target insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling in breast cancer

Insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF1R) signaling as a therapeutic target has been widely studied and clinically tested. Despite the vast amount of literature supporting the biological role of IGF1R in breast cancer, effective clinical translation in targeting its activity as a cancer therapy has not been successful. The intrinsic complexity of cancer cell signaling mediated by many tyrosine kinase growth factor receptors that work together to modulate each other and intracellular downstream mediators in the cell highlights that studying IGF1R expression and activity as a prognostic factor and therapeutic target in isolation is certainly associated with problems. This review discusses the current literature and clinical trials associated with IGF-1 signaling and attempts to look at new ways of designing novel IGF1R-directed breast cancer therapy approaches to target its activity  and/or intracellular downstream signaling pathways in IGF1R-expressing breast cancers.

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Insulin-like growth factor receptor type I as a target for cancer therapy

Frontiers in Bioscience ◽

10.2741/s382 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol S5 (2) ◽

pp. 439-450 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Nathalie Corvaia

Keyword(s):

Growth Factor ◽

Cancer Therapy ◽

Growth Factor Receptor ◽

Receptor Type ◽

Type I ◽

Insulin Like Growth Factor

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Recent progress in immunotherapy of breast cancer targeting the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)

Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice ◽

10.1177/1078155221991636 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 107815522199163

Author(s):

Homa Seyedmirzaei ◽

Mahsa Keshavarz-Fathi ◽

Sepideh Razi ◽

Masoumeh Gity ◽

Nima Rezaei

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Epidermal Growth Factor ◽

Growth Factor Receptor ◽

New Drugs ◽

Breast Cancers ◽

Cancer Subtypes ◽

Drug Conjugates ◽

Heavy Burden ◽

Epidermal Growth

Objective Breast cancer is responsible for most of the cancer-induced deaths in women around the world. The current review will discuss different approaches of targeting HER2, an epidermal growth factor overexpressed in 30% of breast cancer cases. Data sources We conducted a search on Pubmed and Scopus databases to find studies relevant to HER2+ breast cancers and targeting HER2 as means of immunotherapy. Out of 1043 articles, 105 studies were included in this review. Data summary As well as the introduction of HER2 and breast cancer subtypes, we discussed various aspects of HER2-targeting immunotherapy including monoclonal antibodies, Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-cells and vaccines. Conclusions Despite several ways of controlling breast cancer, the need to investigate new drugs and approaches seems to be much significant as this cancer still has a heavy burden on people’s health and survival.

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The Motile Breast Cancer Phenotype Roles of Proteoglycans/Glycosaminoglycans

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2014/124321 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Dragana Nikitovic ◽

Katerina Kouvidi ◽

Kallirroi Voudouri ◽

Aikaterini Berdiaki ◽

Evgenia Karousou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Growth Factor Receptor ◽

Downstream Signaling ◽

Insulin Growth Factor ◽

Cancer Pathogenesis ◽

Cellular Mediators ◽

Epidermal Growth ◽

Cancer Phenotype ◽

Insulin Growth Factor Receptor

The consecutive stages of cancer growth and dissemination are obligatorily perpetrated through specific interactions of the tumor cells with their microenvironment. Importantly, cell-associated and tumor microenvironment glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)/proteoglycan (PG) content and distribution are markedly altered during tumor pathogenesis and progression. GAGs and PGs perform multiple functions in specific stages of the metastatic cascade due to their defined structure and ability to interact with both ligands and receptors regulating cancer pathogenesis. Thus, GAGs/PGs may modulate downstream signaling of key cellular mediators including insulin growth factor receptor (IGFR), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), estrogen receptors (ERs), or Wnt members. In the present review we will focus on breast cancer motility in correlation with their GAG/PG content and critically discuss mechanisms involved. Furthermore, new approaches involving GAGs/PGs as potential prognostic/diagnostic markers or as therapeutic agents for cancer-related pathologies are being proposed.

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Current Approaches and Emerging Directions in HER2-resistant Breast Cancer

Breast Cancer Basic and Clinical Research ◽

10.4137/bcbcr.s9453 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. BCBCR.S9453 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Adam M. Brufsky

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin ◽

Growth Factor Receptor ◽

Initial Response ◽

Her2 Overexpression ◽

Breast Cancers ◽

Intrinsic Resistance ◽

Her2 Positive

Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) is overexpressed in up to 30% of breast cancers; HER2 overexpression is indicative of poor prognosis. Trastuzumab, an anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody, has led to improved outcomes in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer, including improved overall survival in adjuvant and first-line settings. However, a large proportion of patients with breast cancer have intrinsic resistance to HER2-targeted therapies, and nearly all become resistant to therapy after initial response. Elucidation of underlying mechanisms contributing to HER2 resistance has led to development of novel therapeutic strategies, including those targeting HER2 and downstream pathways, heat shock protein 90, telomerase, and vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitors. Numerous clinical trials are ongoing or completed, including phase 3 data for the mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor everolimus in patients with HER2-resistant breast cancer. This review considers the molecular mechanisms associated with HER2 resistance and evaluates the evidence for use of evolving strategies in patients with HER2-resistant breast cancer.

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