scholarly journals Oocyte maturation, fertilization and embryo development in vitro and in vivo in the gaur (Bos gaurus)

Reproduction ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Johnston ◽  
J. J. Parrish ◽  
R. Monson ◽  
L. Leibfried-Rutledge ◽  
J. L. Susko-Parrish ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Bos Gaurus ◽  
Development In Vitro

scholarly journals The Usefulness of Retinoic Acid Supplementation during in Vitro Oocyte Maturation for the in Vitro Embryo Production of Livestock: A Review

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelnour ◽  
El-Hack ◽  
Swelum ◽  
Saadeldin ◽  
Noreldin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Embryonic Growth ◽  
Oxidative Damages

Retinoic acid (RA) is an indigenous metabolite and descriptive physiologically functioning constituent of vitamin A. Retinoids were documented as vital regulators for cell development and distinction, embryonic growth, and reproductive function in both male and female livestock. Previously, RA has been shown to have several positive impacts in vivo and in vitro and critically control many reproductive events, such as oocyte development, follicular growth, and early embryonic growth. In addition, RA manages apoptotic signaling and oxidative damages in cells. Recently, RA has been used widely in assisted reproductive technology fields, especially during in vitro embryo development in various mammalian species, including buffaloes, bovine, goats, sheep, pigs, and rabbits. However, the optimum concentration of RA greatly differs based on the condition of maturation media and species. Based on the obtained findings, it was generally accepted that RA enhances nuclear oocyte maturation, cleavage and maturation rates, blastocyst formation, and embryo development. As such, it possesses antioxidant properties against reactive oxygen species (ROS) and an anti-apoptotic effect through enhancing the transcription of some related genes such as superoxide dismutase, prostaglandin synthase, glutathione peroxidase, peroxiredoxins, and heme oxygenase. Therefore, the current review concludes that an addition of RA (up to 50 nM) has the potential to improve the oocyte maturation media of various species of livestock due to its antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals Maturation of human oocytes in vitro and their developmental competence

Reproduction ◽  
2001 ◽  
pp. 51-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Trounson ◽  
C Anderiesz ◽  
G Jones
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Developmental Competence ◽  
Minimum Size ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Human Oocytes ◽  
Maturation In Vitro

Complete maturation of oocytes is essential for the developmental competence of embryos. Any interventions in the growth phase of the oocyte and the follicle in the ovary will affect oocyte maturation, fertilization and subsequent embryo development. Oocyte size is associated with maturation and embryo development in most species examined and this may indicate that a certain size is necessary to initiate the molecular cascade of normal nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation. The minimum size of follicle required for developmental competence in humans is 5-7 mm in diameter. Maturation in vitro can be accomplished in humans, but is associated with a loss of developmental competence unless the oocyte is near completion of its preovulatory growth phase. This loss of developmental competence is associated with the absence of specific proteins in oocytes cultured to metaphase II in vitro. The composition of culture medium used successfully for maturation of human oocytes is surprisingly similar to that originally developed for maturation of oocytes in follicle culture in vitro. The presence of follicle support cells in culture is necessary for the gonadotrophin-mediated response required to mature oocytes in vitro. Gonadotrophin concentration and the sequence of FSH and FSH-LH exposure may be important for human oocytes, particularly those not exposed to the gonadotrophin surge in vivo. More research is needed to describe the molecular and cellular events, the presence of checkpoints and the role of gene expression, translation and protein uptake on completing oocyte maturation in vitro and in vivo. In the meantime, there are very clear applications for maturing oocytes in human reproductive medicine and the success rates achieved in some of these special applications are clinically valuable.

Chlorpyrifos and endosulfan affect buffalo oocyte maturation, fertilization, and embryo development in vitro directly and through cumulus cells

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Nandi ◽  
P.S.P. Gupta ◽  
S.C. Roy ◽  
S. Selvaraju ◽  
J.P. Ravindra
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Cumulus Cells ◽  
Development In Vitro

An ultrastructural study of embryo and endosperm development during in vitro culture of maize ovaries (Zea mays)

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 2227-2238 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. N. Schel ◽  
H. Kieft
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Culture Method ◽  
Endosperm Development ◽  
Endosperm Formation ◽  
Development In Vitro ◽  
Maize Embryos

A culture method is described which allows the continuous supply of fresh liquid medium and which prevents the accumulation of toxic metabolites. Development of maize embryos and endosperm after various periods of in vitro ovary culture was studied by light and electron microscopy. Using this method the ultrastructural features of embryo development in vitro were similar to those of in vivo embryos. In contrast, the formation of endosperm was irregular with the absence of cellularization of the inner endosperm being frequent. In some cases, only the endosperm developed without any indication of embryo formation. In a calcium-depleted medium, embryo development was normal but again, endosperm formation was aberrant. No cells were formed in the central part of the endosperm and near the placental region degeneration took place, resulting in vacuoles with dark inclusions, clumps of rough endoplasmic reticulum membranes, and cellular breakdown. The events occurring after in vitro culture strongly resemble those taking place after intergeneric crosses or crosses between diploid and tetraploid strains. It is concluded that defective endosperm development is probably the main factor for the failure of embryo development.

Effect of cryopreservation on IVP cattle embryo development in vitro and in vivo

1998 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 173 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. O'Kearney-Flynn ◽  
M. Wade ◽  
P. Duffy ◽  
V. Gath ◽  
M.P. Boland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Development ◽  
Development In Vitro

scholarly journals 91IMPACT OF PROPYLENE GLYCOL V. ETHYLENE GLYCOL ON OOCYTE MATURATION, SPINDLE INTEGRITY, FERTILIZATION AND EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT IN VITRO IN THE DOMESTIC CAT

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
P. Comizzoli ◽  
D.E. Wildt ◽  
B.S. Pukazhenthi
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Propylene Glycol ◽  
Embryo Development ◽  
Oocyte Maturation ◽  
Domestic Cat ◽  
Hoechst 33342 ◽  
Immature Oocytes ◽  
Development In Vitro ◽  
The Impact

A thorough characterization of cryoprotectant (CPA) sensitivity is required to formulate a successful cryopreservation protocol for any biomaterial. The aim of this study was to characterize the toxic impact of various CPA types, concentrations, and exposure temperatures on the immature domestic cat oocyte. In Experiment 1, grade I immature oocytes (n=561) were exposed (30min; 25°C or 0°C) to 0M, 0.75M, 1.5M, or 3M of propylene glycol (PrOH) or ethylene glycol (EG) in PBS+20% fetal calf serum (v/v). After exposure, CPA was removed step-wise by subjecting oocytes to decreased CPA concentrations. Oocytes were cultured (30h; 38.5°C, 5% CO2) in IVM medium as reported previously (Wolfe and Wildt 1996 J. Reprod. Fertil. 106, 135–141). Oocytes were then fixed and stained to examine nuclear status (Hoechst 33342) and spindle integrity (FITC-labeled anti-α-tubulin antibodies; Sigma Chemical Co., St. Louis, MO). Experiment 2 was designed on the basis of Experiment 1 results to assess the impact of the spindle abnormalities on subsequent embryo development. Oocytes (n=776) were exposed to CPA conditions yielding optimal nuclear maturation with either high (0.75M or 3.0M PrOH or 1.5M EG at 25°C) or low (1.5M PrOH at 25°C) proportions of abnormal spindle. After IVM, oocytes were inseminated with thawed semen (5×105 motile sperm mL−1 ) in Ham’s F-10 (Irvine Scientific, St-Anna, CA). At 16h post-insemination, oocytes were fixed and stained (Hoechst 33342) to assess IVF success (pronuclear formation) or cultured in vitro for 7 days to assess embryo development. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison test. In Experiment 1, CPA treatment had no effect (NS) on meiotic progression to metaphase I. However, percentage of oocytes reaching metaphase II (MII) was reduced (P<0.05) in 3.0M PrOH at 0°C (29.3±8.3%; mean±SD), 3.0M EG at 25°C (33.7±8.9%), and 0°C (29.4±11.0%) compared to all other conditions examined (range, 52.0% to 62.0%). All CPA treatments also increased (P<0.05) spindle abnormalities at MII (range, 40.3% to 75.9%) compared to control (13.8±8.6%), except 1.5M PrOH at 25°C (20.7±10.1%). None of the CPA treatments in Experiment 2 influenced IVF success (range, 55% to 63%; NS). However, percentage of cleaved embryos was reduced (P<0.05) in 0.75M PrOH (32.1±4.1%), 1.5M EG (33.4±4.0%), and 3.0M PrOH (29.3±3.8%) compared to control (50.1±4.0%) or 1.5M PrOH (50.6±4.9%). Developmental competence (number of blastocysts relative to number of cleaved embryos) also was impaired (P<0.05) in 1.5M EG (16.5±7.4%) and 3.0M PrOH (14.9±7.8%) compared to the other conditions (range, 32.5% to 38.5%), including 1.5 PrOH at 25°C (32.5±7.8%). In conclusion, exposure of immature oocytes to 1.5M PrOH at 25°C does not adversely impact oocyte maturation, MII spindle, fertilization, or embryo development in vitro in the domestic cat.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document