Dry Matter Accumulation and Partitioning in Wheat Genotypes as Affected by Sowing Date Mediated Heat Stress

Knowledge about the effect of genotypic variation and sowing date on dry matter accumulation, remobilization and partitioning in winter barley is important for crop management. Therefore, in field studies, six winter barley genotypes of various origin and maturity groups were studied across four sowing dates. In general, grain yield and dry matter content decreased with delayed sowing, after mid-October, and average grain yield in late October and November sowing was lower 14.2% and 16.9%, respectively, compared to the yield in the optimal sowing date. Among the tested genotypes, high grain yield and dry matter content was obtained from late and medium early barley genotypes. Delayed sowing dates, on average, reduced dry matter remobilization and contribution of vegetative dry matter to grain yield. In years characterized by high spring precipitation, late September and early October sowing of medium early and late barley genotypes enable increased accumulation and remobilization of dry matter and obtainment of high grain yield.

Download Full-text

Effect of seed dressing agents on the emergence of maize sown on different dates

Acta Agronomica Hungarica ◽

10.1556/aagr.50.2002.2.8 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 169-178

Author(s):

Z. Gyenes-Hegyi ◽

S. Záborszky

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Sowing Date ◽

Cold Test ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Dry Matter Accumulation ◽

Initial Growth ◽

Maize Seed ◽

Seed Dressing ◽

Germination Ability ◽

Emergence Date

Maize seed sown in cold soil during the first ten days of April will only produce a satisfactory stand if the hybrid chosen has adequate chilling tolerance and if the seed has high biological value (germination percentage, cold test) and is treated with a high quality dressing agent. The emergence date is influenced to a great extent by the heat sum, so only a small proportion of the considerable difference in the sowing date is manifested in the emergence date. Nevertheless, healthy plants emerging from early-sown seed have more rapid initial growth and development, as demonstrated by their greater shoot dry matter accumulation. It is not worth risking early sowing in heavily infected soil, with seed lots having poor germination ability, without adequate seed dressing, or with chilling-sensitive hybrids.

Download Full-text

Interactive Effects of Sowing Date and Planting Density on Dry Matter Accumulation and Partitioning of Chicory

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca ◽

10.15835/nbha4017512 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 183

Author(s):

Hamid MADANI ◽

Christos DORDAS ◽

Ahad MADANI ◽

Mohammad-Ali MOTASHAREI ◽

Shima FARRI

Keyword(s):

Root Biomass ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Plant Density ◽

Total Yield ◽

Growing Season ◽

Sowing Date ◽

Planting Density ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Total Biomass ◽

Dry Matter Accumulation

Chicory is considered one of the alternatives crops that can be used in crop rotation and contains many phytochemicals that can be used in medicine. In addition, lengthening the growing season by early sowing may increase root chicory yield potential, and thus increase its competitiveness with traditional crops. The objectives of the present study were to determine whether early sowing date risks can be decreased by higher sowing density and also to study the effect of sowing date and sowing density on dry matter accumulation and partitioning of chicory. Growing season did not affect any of the characteristics that were studied. Also plant density affected the flowers biomass, root biomass per plant and the respective yield together with the plant height and essence yield and total yield. The sowing date affected the leaf, flower and stem biomass on a plant basis. However, the interaction between plant density and sowing date affected the total biomass per plant, the flower biomass per plant, the root biomass per plant, the flower yield, the root yield and the essence yield. These results indicate that for higher production it is important to determine the right plant density and sowing date which can affect growth, dry matter accumulation and essence yield.

Download Full-text

Response of photosynthetic active radiation interception, dry matter accumulation, and grain yield to tillage in two winter wheat genotypes

Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science ◽

10.1080/03650340.2019.1657232 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 66 (8) ◽

pp. 1103-1114 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Junmei Liu ◽

Yanli Fan ◽

Yuzhao Ma ◽

Quanqi Li

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Photosynthetic Active Radiation ◽

Dry Matter Accumulation ◽

Radiation Interception ◽

Active Radiation ◽

Wheat Genotypes

Download Full-text

Biplot Yield Analysis of Heat-Tolerant Spring Wheat Genotypes (Triticum Aestivum L.) in Multiple Growing Environments

Open Agriculture ◽

10.1515/opag-2018-0045 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 404-413 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Akbar Hossain ◽

M. Farhad ◽

M.A.H.S. Jahan ◽

M. Golam Mahboob ◽

Jagadish Timsina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Sowing Date ◽

Triticum Aestivum L ◽

Gge Biplot ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Wheat Genotypes ◽

Ecological Zones ◽

Biplot Analysis ◽

Sowing Dates ◽

Late Sowing

Abstract It is important to identify and develop stable wheat varieties that can grow under heat stress. This important issue was addressed in Bangladesh using six wheat genotypes, including three existing elite cultivars (‘BARI Gom 26’, ‘BARI Gom 27’, ‘BARI Gom 28’) and three advanced lines (‘BAW 1130’, ‘BAW 1138’, ‘BAW 1140’). Six sowing dates, namely early sowing (ES) (10 November), optimum sowing (OS) (20 November), slightly late sowing (SLS) (30 November), late sowing (LS) (10 December), very late sowing (VLS) (20 December) and extremely late sowing (ELS) (30 December) were assessed over two years in four locations, representative of the diversity in Bangladesh’s agro-ecological zones. In a split plot design, sowing dates were allocated as main plots and genotypes as subplots. A GGE biplot analysis was applied to identify heat tolerance and to select and recommend genotypes for cultivation in heat-prone zones. All tested genotypes gave greatest grain yield (GY) after OS, followed by SLS, ES and LS, while VLS and ELS gave smallest GY. When GY and the correlations between GY and stress tolerance indices were considered, ‘BAW 1140’, ‘BARI Gom 28’ and ‘BARI Gom26’ performed best under heat stress, regardless of location or sowing date. In contrast, ‘BARI Gom 27’ and ‘BAW 1130’ were susceptible to heat stress in all locations in both years. Ranking of genotypes and environments using GGE biplot analysis for yield stability showed ‘BAW1140’ to be most stable, followed by ‘BARI Gom 28’ and ‘BARI Gom 26’. Wheat sown on November 20 resulted in highest GY but that sown on December 30 resulted in lowest GY in both years. In conclusion, ‘BAW 1140’, ‘BARI Gom 28’ and ‘BARI Gom 26’ are the recommended wheat genotypes for use under prevailing conditions in Bangladesh.

Download Full-text

Effects of sowing date on the growth and yield of winter oil-seed rape (Brassica napus)

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600087219 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 107 (2) ◽

pp. 405-420 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

P. D. Jenkins ◽

D M. H. Leitch

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Sowing Date ◽

Early Spring ◽

Yield Component ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Dry Matter Accumulation ◽

Area Index ◽

Oil Seed ◽

Oil Seed Rape ◽

Delayed Flowering

SummaryResults are reported from experiments carried out in three seasons in an environment with mild winters and early springs in which the date of sowing of winter oil-seed rape was varied from early September to early December. Consistently high seed yields were achieved in the late sowings and, in two of the three seasons, delaying sowing beyond early September resulted in significant yield increases. The pattern of dry-matter accumulation and changes in leaf area index were affected to a large extent by sowing date, but no significant effect on total dry-matter production at final harvest was found. Numbers of axillary inflorescences per plant and, in two of the experiments, numbers of fertile pods/m2, were reduced by late sowing, but large increases in numbers of seed per pod were found in each experiment. Mean weight per seed was reduced when sowing was delayed but there was no consistent effect on oil content. Differences were found between cultivars in the extent to which delayed sowing produced increased yields. It is suggested that early spring growth, delayed flowering and reduced reflexion of radiation during flowering were important factors leading to the high yields achieved by late sowings. No interactions were found between sowing date and plant population density for any yield component in one experiment.

Download Full-text

Low-tillering winter wheat cultivars are more adaptable to late sowing

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s002185962100023x ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-14

Author(s):

Lijun Yin ◽

Chengxiang Zhang ◽

Kaizhen Liu ◽

Xiaoyan Wang

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Accumulation Rate ◽

Sowing Date ◽

Dry Matter Accumulation ◽

Wheat Cultivars ◽

Spike Number ◽

Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽

Late Sowing

Abstract Global warming increases the risk of pests and weeds before wintering, and decreases the grain yield of winter wheat. Therefore, the sowing date should be delayed properly. But the variety of winter wheat that can adapt to late sowing remains unclear. Here, we selected two winter wheat cultivars and evaluated four sowing date treatments on 1 October (early sowing), 8 (normal sowing), 15 (late sowing) and 22 (latest sowing) over two wheat-growing seasons at the experimental Station of Shandong Agricultural University (35°96′N, 117°06′E), Daiyue District, Taian, Shandong, China. We examined the effects of sowing date on a few traits, and found that, compared with normal sowing, though spike number decreased, grain yield was maintained above 9300 kg/ha under late and latest sowing. The main reason was that the more accumulated N from jointing to anthesis resulted in a higher grain number per spike. The higher net photosynthetic rate after anthesis, through optimizing N distribution in the canopy and increasing Rubisco content of flag leaves, improved dry matter accumulation rate and contribution ratio of vegetative organs, ultimately, ensured consistent grain weight. The grain yield of high-tillering winter wheat cultivars decreased from 9370 to 8346 kg/ha. The main reason was that spike number, accumulated N from jointing to anthesis and net photosynthetic rate decreased significantly, which reduced the dry matter accumulation rate, and only satisfied less grains to achieve consistent grain weight. Therefore, low-tillering winter wheat cultivars are more adaptable to late sowing, and can reduce the harm of global warming.

Download Full-text