Three Fiber Crops Show Distinctive Biomass Saccharification under Physical and Chemical Pretreatments by Altered Wall Polymer Features

Dormancy is a state of lack of germination/sprouting in seed/tuber although required conditions (temperature, humidity, oxygen and light) are provided. Dormancy is based on hard seed coat dormancy or lack of supply and activity of enzymes (internal dormancy) necessary for germination/sprouting. Dormancy is an important factor limiting production in many field crops. Several physical and chemical pretreatments to production material (seed/tuber) are carried out for overcoming dormancy. Physical and physiological dormancy can be found together in some plants and this event makes difficult to provide high frequency healthy seedling growth. Whereas, emerging of all production material (seed, tuber) sown/planted and forming healthy seedling is a prerequisite of plant production.

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Understanding Seed Dormancy and Germination

Journal of Experimental Agriculture International ◽

10.9734/jeai/2021/v43i930730 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

T. O. Ibrahim ◽

A. O. Ogunsiji ◽

O. A. Oni ◽

B. F. Awotedu ◽

O. I. Bolanle-Ojo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Coat ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Metabolic Pathways ◽

Edible Oils ◽

Principal Factor ◽

Living Things ◽

Breaking Dormancy ◽

Chemical Pretreatments ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Seed Dormancy And Germination

Seeds are highly important part of living things, without which life would not exist. All of our daily necessities are totally dependent on seed and seed stock, like food and fruits, so also is many of the natural resources that we use as consumers such as, timber, cotton, paper, essential\edible oils, all which started their live as seeds. Basically, a seed consists of a tiny underdeveloped plant, the embryo, which is enclosed by a covering called the seed coat. Germination of seed occurs when the embryo grows into a functioning plant. It involves the rejuvenation of the metabolic pathways that lead to growth and the emergence of the radicle (root) and plumule (shoot). For germination to occur, three basic factors must exist, the seed must be viable, dormancy must be controlled and the proper environmental conditions for germination must be available. Dormancy simply means the inability of seeds to germinate even when the necessary environmental conditions (temperature, humidity, oxygen, and light) are favorable for germination. Dormancy is a principal factor restricting the production of crops. Several physical and chemical pretreatments can be applied to the organic material (seeds) to control dormancy. This review discusses the conditions necessary for germination and the fundamental factors necessary for breaking dormancy.

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Effects of some physical and chemical pretreatments on the composition and enzymatic hydrolysis and digestibility of lemon grass and citronella bagasse

Agricultural Wastes ◽

10.1016/0141-4607(86)90006-5 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 145-161 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

C. Rolz ◽

M.C. de Arriola ◽

J. Valladares ◽

S. de Cabrera

Keyword(s):

Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽

Lemon Grass ◽

Chemical Pretreatments ◽

Physical And Chemical

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Effects of physical and chemical pretreatments on drying and quality properties of blackberry ( Rubus spp.) in hot air dryer

Food Science & Nutrition ◽

10.1002/fsn3.1678 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. 3843-3856 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohammad Kaveh ◽

Ebrahim Taghinezhad ◽

Muhammad Aziz

Keyword(s):

Quality Properties ◽

Hot Air ◽

Chemical Pretreatments ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Air Dryer

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Comparison of pre-germination treatments in Lupinus spp. and their effects on germination and related solutes

Botanical Sciences ◽

10.17129/botsci.893 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 95 (3) ◽

pp. 577

Author(s):

Edna Irene Bautista-Rodríguez ◽

Luz Del Carmen Lagunes-Espinoza ◽

Francisco Marcelo Lara-Viveros ◽

Mepivoseth Castelán-Estrada ◽

Víctor Conde-Martínez

Keyword(s):

Protein Concentration ◽

Reducing Sugars ◽

Soluble Sugars ◽

Amino Acid Content ◽

Physical Dormancy ◽

Agricultural Use ◽

Dry Sand ◽

Chemical Pretreatments ◽

Species Specific ◽

Physical And Chemical

Background. Physical dormancy in seeds of the genus Lupinus restricts their ecological or agricultural use.Hypothesis. This dormancy can be broken when seeds are subjected to physical and chemical pretreatments that increase germination, mobilize reserves and decrease ABA.Studied species. Seeds of Lupinus exaltatus (Le), L. campestris (Lc) and L. montanus (Lm) from Puebla, México.Methods. The following seven treatments, including a control, were applied: PG1 = 98 % H2SO4 for 15 min, PG2 = wet sand at 80 °C for 5 min, PG3 = wet sand at 35 °C for 8 h and 16 h at 25 °C, PG4 = dry sand at 80 °C for 7 min, PG5 = dry sand at 150 °C for 1 min, PG6 = H20 at 80 °C for 1 min, Control = untreated seeds. On days 0, 3, 5, 10 and 15 after seeding, we evaluated the percentage and rate of germination (GP and GR, respectively) and biochemical changes. Results. PG6 produced a higher GP in Le (41 %) and Lc (69 %), and PG1 produced a higher GP in Lm (37 %). In all three species, the highest GR was obtained with PG1 (1.95, 2.27 and 2.22 day-1 seeds, respectively). PG6 increased the protein concentration (53, 17, and 43 % for Le, Lc and Lm, respectively), amino acids (19, 44 and 31 %, respectively), reducing sugars (63, 18 and 96 %, respectively) and polyphenols (32, 55 and 75 %, respectively) but decreased soluble sugars (22, 29 and 23 %, respectively) and ABA relative to the control. Although only the correlation between the GP and amino acid content was significant and positive, and the correlation between GP, GR and soluble sugars was significant and negative.Conclusions. The effect of pre-germination treatments on germination was species-specific. The pretreatment with H20 at 80 °C for 1 min increased germination and mobilized the seed’s reserves in the process.

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