scholarly journals Comparison of pre-germination treatments in Lupinus spp. and their effects on germination and related solutes

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 577
Author(s):  
Edna Irene Bautista-Rodríguez ◽  
Luz Del Carmen Lagunes-Espinoza ◽  
Francisco Marcelo Lara-Viveros ◽  
Mepivoseth Castelán-Estrada ◽  
Víctor Conde-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Physical Dormancy ◽  
Agricultural Use ◽  
Dry Sand ◽  
Chemical Pretreatments ◽  
Species Specific ◽  
Physical And Chemical

<p><strong>Background. </strong>Physical dormancy in seeds of the genus <em>Lupinus</em> restricts their ecological or agricultural use.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Hypothesis. </strong>This dormancy can be broken when seeds are subjected to physical and chemical pretreatments that increase germination, mobilize reserves and decrease ABA.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Studied species. </strong>Seeds of<strong> </strong><em>Lupinus exaltatus </em>(<em>Le</em>), <em>L. campestris </em>(<em>Lc</em>) and <em>L. montanus </em>(<em>Lm</em>) from Puebla, México.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Methods.</strong> The following seven treatments, including a control, were applied: PG1 = 98 % H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> for 15 min, PG2 = wet sand at 80 °C for 5 min, PG3 = wet sand at 35 °C for 8 h and 16 h at 25 °C, PG4 = dry sand at 80 °C for 7 min, PG5 = dry sand at 150 °C for 1 min, PG6 = H<sub>2</sub>0 at 80 °C for 1 min, Control = untreated seeds. On days 0, 3, 5, 10 and 15 after seeding, we evaluated the percentage and rate of germination (GP and GR, respectively) and biochemical changes.<strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Results. </strong>PG6 produced a higher GP in <em>Le</em> (41 %) and <em>Lc</em> (69 %), and PG1 produced a higher GP in <em>Lm</em> (37 %). In all three species, the highest GR was obtained with PG1 (1.95, 2.27 and 2.22 day<sup>-1</sup> seeds, respectively). PG6 increased the protein concentration (53, 17, and 43 % for <em>Le</em>, <em>Lc</em> and <em>Lm</em>, respectively), amino acids (19, 44 and 31 %, respectively), reducing sugars (63, 18 and 96 %, respectively) and polyphenols (32, 55 and 75 %, respectively) but decreased soluble sugars (22, 29 and 23 %, respectively) and ABA relative to the control. Although only the correlation between the GP and amino acid content was significant and positive, and the correlation between GP, GR and soluble sugars was significant and negative.</p><p><strong>Conclusions. </strong>The effect of pre-germination treatments on germination was species-specific. The pretreatment with H<sub>2</sub>0 at 80 °C for 1 min increased germination and mobilized the seed’s reserves in the process.</p>

scholarly journals Biochemical Changes During Seed Germination of Sterculia urens Roxb.

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Botcha SATYANARAYANA ◽  
Prattipati Subhashini DEVI ◽  
Atluru ARUNDATHI
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Biochemical Changes ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Free Amino Acid Content ◽  
Total Soluble Sugars ◽  
Sterculia Urens ◽  
Total Amino Acids

The present study describes biochemical changes taking place during seed germination of Sterculia urens. The levels of proteins, total amino acids, reducing sugars, total soluble sugars and lipids were studied during various stages of seed germination (0-15 days). Total protein content was decreased in cotyledons during seed germination while free amino acid content increased to its maximum extent by 9th day of germination and reverse trend thereafter. The levels of reducing sugars and total soluble sugars increased till 6th day of germination and decreased thereafter. The lipid content was high at initial stages of germination (0-6 days) but gradually decreased by 15th day of germination.

scholarly journals PRODUÇÃOE CARACTERIZAÇÃO DOSFRUTOS DE ESPÉCIES DE PhysalisCULTIVADAS NO SEMIÁRIDO BAIANO

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 113-121
Author(s):  
Tamara Torres Tanan ◽  
Marilza Neves do Nascimento ◽  
Romeu da Silva Leite
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Breeding Period ◽  
Total Soluble Sugars ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Solanaceae Family

The Physalisbelongs to the Solanaceae family and has sweetish fruit that can be eaten fresh or processed. In Brazil only Physalis peruvianais commercialized, it is necessary research to encourage the cultivation of other promising speciesof the genus. The aim of this study was evaluate the productivity and the physical and biochemical characteristics of P. angulata, P.pubescensand P. ixocarpafruits, in different stages,in Feira de Santana, Bahia. Productivity and the number of fruits in the breeding period were evaluated.In the fruits, longitudinal (LD) and transverse (TD) diameters, the LD/TD ratio,the masses of fruit, the protein content,reducing sugars,and total soluble sugars were analyzed. The results showed differences between species, with higher number of fruits for P. angulata(140,5). P. ixocarpashowed higher productivity (9 t ha-1) and fruit with greater mass and diameter,however P. pubescensand P. angulatashowed round fruits and higher sugar content, desirable characteristics for fresh consumption and for industrialization.

scholarly journals Soil Attributes Using Different Agricultural Use Systems in the Rio Grande do Norte Semiarid, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 190
Author(s):  
Ana Karenina Fernandes de Sousa Ribeiro ◽  
Jeane Cruz Portela ◽  
Rafael Oliveira Batista ◽  
Carolina Malala Martins Souza ◽  
Joseane Dunga da Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Salinity ◽  
Clay Fraction ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Plasticity Limit ◽  
Physical Attributes ◽  
Agricultural Use ◽  
Chemical Attributes ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The semiarid region is extremely fragile to anthropogenic actions. Thus, the objective of this study is to evaluate the physical and chemical attributes of soils with different agricultural uses. The research was carried out in the municipality of Governador Dix-Sept Rosado. Fertility and physical analyses were performed. The results were interpreted by multivariate analysis. The soils that presented a eutrophic character were influenced by lithology. In the Cambissolo (Haplustepts), there was an increase in the limits of liquidity and plasticity due to the increase of the clay fraction and total organic carbon. By the particle size analysis, the profiles presented variations in textural classes. We concluded that the physical attributes moisture, liquidity limit, plasticity limit, clay plasticity index, thin sand and the chemical attributes pH, (H + Al), V and PST were the most sensitive for the distinction of environments. The studied areas presented acidity reactions to alkalinity with presence of Al3+, (H + Al) and high salinity.

scholarly journals Effect of processing technology (traditional and ward furnace) on the physicochemical properties of non-centrifugal cane sugar (NCS)

2019 ◽  
pp. 64-72
Author(s):  
Kevin Nicolás Galvis-Arias ◽  
Luisa Daniela Hidrobo-Pedroza ◽  
María Cristina García-Muñoz ◽  
Oscar Andrés Mendieta-Menjura ◽  
Martha Patricia Tarazona-Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Combustion Chamber ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Cane Sugar ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Processing Technology ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Soluble Solid ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Non-centrifugal cane sugar (NCS) is a natural sweetener with beneficial health properties. This is traditionally produced in an oven which has had technological variations. Therefore, the present study focuses on determining the effect that NCS processing technology has on its physicochemical properties. In this study, two contrasting technologies were selected: the first one corresponds to the traditional furnace, characterized by a flat combustion chamber and hemispherical pan. The second one corresponds to the furnace with a ward type combustion chamber and modified pan. The variety of sugarcane selected was RD 75-11. The physical and chemical parameters evaluated were hydrogen potential (pH), total acidity (TA), solid soluble content soluble (SSC), ash, minerals, reducing sugars, color, moisture content and heat capacity. The technology with ward- type combustion chamber and modified pan managed to concentrate the oBrix of syrup to NCS in a 36.03% unlike the traditional furnace (32.59%). The two technologies used allowed obtaining NCS with an average caloric value of 14684.9 J g-1 and soluble solid content of 90.1°Brix. It was found that the NCS is a source of minerals such as potassium (3.55 g kg -1), calcium (2.25 g kg -1) and phosphorus (0.3 g kg -1).

Effectiveness of Physical and Chemical Pretreatments in Enhancing Cotton Gin Trash In Vitro Ruminant Digestibility

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel J. Ray ◽  
Lester O. Pordesimo ◽  
Michael J. Buschermohle ◽  
John C. Waller ◽  
John B. Wilkerson
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Pretreatments ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Cotton Gin

scholarly journals Rat α2 acute-phase macroglobulin. Isolation and physicochemical properties

1976 ◽  
Vol 159 (3) ◽  
pp. 661-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Gauthier ◽  
H Mouray
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Deae Cellulose ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Amino Acid Content ◽  
Acute Phase Reactant ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Exchange Chromatography ◽  
Physical And Chemical

1. Rat α2 acute-phase macroglobulin was isolated from turpentine-injected rats by Sephadex G-200 chromatography and ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose. This method, since it does not include (NH4)2SO4 treatment, allows the study of the physicochemical as well as the biological properties of the molecule. 2. The purity of the preparation was demonstrated by ultracentrifugation, polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis, fused “rocket” immunoelectrophoresis as well as double immunodiffusion. 3. The rat α2 acute-phase macroglobulin was characterized in terms of its main physical and chemical properties. Its isoelctric point was determined by isoelectrofocusing to be 4.55; s020,w was 18.4S and E1%/1cm at 278 nm was 6.8. The mol.wt. was determined by light-scattering to be 770000. 4. The amino acid content was compared with that of rat α1 macroglobulin and was found very similar. The carbohydrate composition of α2 acute-phase macroglobulin was determined to be: hexose, 4.25%; glucosamine, 3.4%; sialic acid, 2%; fucose, 0.2%. From these results it was concluded that α2 acute-phase macroglobulin, although a typical acute-phase reactant, possesses the characteristic physicochemical properties of α macroglobulins.

scholarly journals Seed Dormancy in Hairy Vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) Is Influenced by Genotype and Environment

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1804
Author(s):  
L. Kissing Kucek ◽  
M.D. Azevedo ◽  
S.S. Eagen ◽  
N.J. Ehlke ◽  
R.J. Hayes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dormancy ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Dormant Seed ◽  
Weather Variables ◽  
Physical Dormancy ◽  
Vicia Villosa ◽  
Maternal Line ◽  
Seed Maturity ◽  
Agricultural Use

Seed dormancy complicates the agricultural use of many legume species. Understanding the genetic and environmental drivers of seed dormancy is necessary for advancing crop improvement for legumes, such as Vicia villosa. In this study, we quantify the magnitude of genetic and environmental effects on physical dormancy among 1488 maternal V. villosa plants from 18 diverse environments. Furthermore, we explore the relationship between physical dormancy and environmental conditions during seed development. Additive genetic variance (h2) accounted for 40% of the variance, while the growing environment explained 28% of the variance in physical dormancy. Maternal lines showed complete variance in physical dormancy, as one line was 100% dormant, and 56 lines were 0% dormant. Distributions of physical dormancy varied widely among seed production environments, with some site-years strongly skewed toward physically dormant seed, while other site-years exhibited little dormant seed. Twenty-three weather variables were associated with environmental and error effects of physical dormancy. High mean and minimum relative humidity, low mean and maximum temperature, and high precipitation weakly grouped with low physical dormancy. Weather variables calculated from fixed time windows approximating seed maturity to seed harvest at each site-year tended to be less predictive than biological seed drying windows calculated based on seed maturity of each maternal line. Overall, individual and cumulative effects of weather variables were poor predictors of physical dormancy. Moderate heritability indicates that breeding programs can select against physical dormancy and improve V. villosa for agricultural use. Marker-based approaches would maximize selection for physical dormancy by reducing the influence of unpredictable environmental effects.

scholarly journals Physical and chemical characteristics of sapota fruit at different stages of maturation

2002 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 567-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edy Sousa de Brito ◽  
Narendra Narain
Keyword(s):  
Storage Time ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Weight Retention ◽  
Ambient Conditions ◽  
Manilkara Zapota ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Physical And Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Physical And Chemical

In the present work, the physical and chemical characteristics in three stages of maturation of sapota (Manilkara zapota L.P. Royen) fruit were studied as well as its post-harvest behavior during storage at ambient and refrigerated conditions. With the advance of maturation, the concentration of the reducing sugars increased while the total acidity and tannin contents decreased. The fruits which did not have their pedicel removed during the post-harvest presented the storage time superior when compared with the fruits having their pedicels removed. The fruits stored under refrigeration had higher weight retention as compared to the fruits stored under ambient conditions.

Sugarcane Biochar for Agricultural Use Produced in Different Conditions of Pyrolysis

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Juliany Barbosa de Pinho ◽  
Aloisio Bianchini ◽  
Pedro Silvério Xavier Pereira ◽  
Letycia Cunha Nunes ◽  
Rodrigo Fernandes Daros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Oxidizing Atmosphere ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Agricultural Use ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

From the pyrolysis process, biochar is a carbon rich and recalcitrant organic material with potential for long term carbon sequestration because of its aromatic structure. However, the physical and chemical properties of the biochar vary due to the diversity of raw material and the conditions of production. The present study aimed to evaluate the biochar from the sugarcane bagasse at different temperatures and under two conditions of pyrolysis. The biochar was produced at two final temperatures 200°C (1 hour); 250°C (1h) and 250°C (2h), with pyrolysis of an oxidizing and non-oxidizing atmosphere for both. PH, cation exchange capacity (CTC), carbon content (C), Nitrogen (N), hydrogen (H), H:C, C:N and ash ratios were evaluated. The contents of C, H, N and the atomic ratios H:C and C:N were higher in Biochar produced in a non-oxidizing atmosphere (BNO). However, the content of ash, pH and CTC were higher in Biochar produced in oxidizing atmospheres (BO). One can conclude the direct influence of the pyrolysis condition.

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