scholarly journals Effect of injection site pre-cooling on pain perception in patients attending a dental camp at Life Line Express: A split mouth interventional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Upendra Singh Bhadauria ◽  
Pralhad L Dasar ◽  
Sandesh N ◽  
Prashant Mishra ◽  
Shaijal Godha
Keyword(s):  
Injection Site ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Median Score ◽  
Interventional Study ◽  
Topical Lidocaine ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A

Background and aim. To determine the effect of pre-cooling injection site on pain perception in patients attending a dental camp at lifeline express, Habibganj.Methods. A split mouth interventional study assessed the effect of pre cooling the injection site in patients (n=33) requiring bilateral buccal infiltration prior to extraction. One side of the patient’s mouth received the intervention after the injection site was pre cooled with ice for 3 minutes along with topical Lidocaine, while the other mouth side of the same patient received only topical Lidocaine and served as control group. A structured proforma assessed the demographic characteristics and risk factors that influence pain perception in patients. Mann-Whitney U tests and Wicoxon rank sum test were used for statistical analysis. Statistical significance was defined at P<0.05.Results. The results revealed a significant difference in pain perception between control and intervention group  as assessed using both Heft-Parker Visual Analog Scale (median score 3.0 and 1.0) and Sound Eye Motor scale (median score=1.0 and 0.0) (P<0.01). For both the scales the assessed and self reported variables Gender, Location, Chief Complaint, Region and Arch were found to be statistically significant.Conclusion. Pre cooling injection site reduced pain perception in patients.

scholarly journals Effect of “Spatially Separated Speech in Noise Training” on speech perception in noise in children with bimodal fitting

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Younes Lotfi ◽  
Mahdieh Hasanalifard ◽  
Abdollah Moossavi ◽  
Enayatollah Bakhshi ◽  
Mohammad Ajalloueyan
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Auditory Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Interventional Study ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Speech Perception In Noise ◽  
Speech In Noise ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Recognition Ability

Abstract Background The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of “Spatially separated speech in noise” auditory training on the ability of speech perception in noise among bimodal fitting users. The assumption was that the rehabilitation can enhance spatial hearing and hence speech in noise perception. This study was an interventional study, with a pre/post-design. Speech recognition ability was assessed with the specific tests. After performing the rehabilitation stages in the intervention group, the speech tests were again implemented, and by comparing the pre- and post-intervention data, the effect of auditory training on the speech abilities was assessed. Twenty-four children of 8–12 years who had undergone cochlear implantation and continuously used bimodal fitting were investigated in two groups of control and intervention. Results The results showed a significant difference between the groups in different speech tests after the intervention, which indicated that the intervention group have improved more than the control group. Conclusion It can be concluded that “Spatially separated speech in noise” auditory training can improve the speech perception in noise in bimodal fitting users. In general, this rehabilitation method is useful for enhancing the speech in noise perception ability.

scholarly journals Pain Experience with Micro-osteoperforations during Initial Orthodontic Alignment: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-318
Author(s):  
Azaitun Akma Shahrin ◽  
◽  
Sarah Haniza Abdul Ghani ◽  
Noraina Hafizan Norman ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Initial Alignment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fixed Appliances

Objetive: The objective of this clinical trial was to investigate the perception of pain during initial maxillary alignment with an adjunctive procedure of micro-osteoperforations (MOPs) compared to conventional orthodontics. Material and methods: This study design was a single-centre, two-arm parallel prospective randomised clinical trial. Thirty consecutive adult subjects (25 females and 5 males; mean age ± SD, 22.66 ± 3.27 years) with 5-8mm moderate upper labial segment crowding were randomly allocated using block randomisation into intervention and control group. All subjects had first premolar extractions, bonded conventional fixed appliances and 0.014-inch nickel-titanium archwire was placed for initial alignment. The intervention group received a 3-mm deep MOPs procedure under local anaesthesia using a Propel device (PROPEL Ortho Singapore) on the labiogingival aspect between the maxillary incisors. Both groups received a set of 100 mm visual analogue scale to complete over the first week, recording pain at 24 hours, 3 days and 1 week. Data were analysed using repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). Results: There was a statistically significant difference observed in perceived pain levels between MOPs and the control group on day 1, day 3 and day 7 postoperatively. Pain perception was significantly lower in the intervention group at all time points. Conclusion: Accelerating orthodontic tooth movement with MOPs did not accentuate pain perceived during initial maxillary alignment with fixed appliances.

Office-Based Cholesterol Testing: Impact on Process-of-Care in Patients with Hypercholesterolemia a Pilot Study

1997 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M Ruffin ◽  
James M McKenney
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Office Visit ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Process Of Care ◽  
Physician Office ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: To determine whether providing cholesterol results during a patient-physician office encounter would affect the process-of-care in patients with hypercholesterolemia. Methods: We used a randomized, parallel-group, control design to conduct the study. Thirty-five participants had a lipoprotein analysis performed using the L.D.X. cholesterol analyzer. Patients randomly assigned to the intervention group (n = 19) had their results provided to the physician during the office visit; the results of those in the control group (n = 16) were not made available to the physician. Each participant's medical record was reviewed to determine the physican's process-of-care with respect to cholesterol management. The indicators of the process-of-care for which we sought documentation included therapeutic interventions and the physician's assessment of risk for coronary heart disease. We used Fisher's exact test to determine statistical significance of the intervention. Descriptive analysis was also performed. Results: We were unable to detect a statistically significant difference in therapeutic interventions (p = 0.183). However, we did observe a statistically significant difference in the physician's assessment of risk for coronary heart disease (p = 0.0001). Conclusions: Our data suggest that providing a cholesterol test result during a patient-physician office encounter positively affects the process-of-care in patients with hypercholesterolemia. Future studies should include larger numbers of patients and longer follow-up periods.

scholarly journals Development and Application of One Separation-Free Safety Tube on the Disposable Infusion Needle

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Weifen Lu ◽  
Qianli Pan ◽  
Yinxin Zhou ◽  
Wenyu Chen ◽  
Hongyan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Time ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Needle Stick ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
New Type ◽  
Needle Stick Injuries ◽  
The Difference

Objective. To develop a new type infusion set and apply it to the clinic, as well as explore its effectiveness in the prevention from needle stick injuries. Methods. A total of 200 inpatients who were in need of intravenous infusion with a disposable infusion needle were included and randomly divided into two groups: intervention group and control group. Disposable infusion needles with a separation-free safety tube were used in the intervention group, whereas conventional ones were used in the control group. Then, effects of the two types of infusion sets were observed and compared. Results. As for the operation time for infusion, it was (82.19±1.80) seconds in the intervention group and (83.02±1.83) seconds in the control group, with the difference statistically significant (P<0.05). Besides, the exposure time of the needles after infusion in the intervention group was (3.36±0.17) seconds while (18.85±1.18) seconds in the control group; the difference between which was statistically significant (P<0.05). In terms of the time for needle disposal, (18.60±0.84) seconds was required in the intervention group, while for the control group, it took (18.85±1.18) seconds, and the difference between two groups was of statistical significance as well (P<0.05). Nevertheless, there was no statistically significant difference in the accidental slip rate of the needles as that turned out 0% in both groups (P>0.05). It was worth noting that the block rate of the disposed needles in the intervention group was 100%. Conclusion. The separation-free safety tube on the disposable infusion needle could instantly block the sharp needle after infusion, which reduces the needle exposure time and lowers the risk of needle stick injuries. In the meantime, the safety tube is convenient to use, and its application can shorten the time for infusion and needle disposal, consequently improving the working efficiency of nurses. As the new type safety tube has above advantages and would not raise the risk of needle slippage, it is worthy of clinical promotion.

scholarly journals Assessing different patterns of laser welding with Nickel-Chromium (Ni-Cr) alloy for structures applicable to fixed prosthesis

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Jarbas Eduardo Martins ◽  
Fábio V.R. Bastos Neto ◽  
Danilo Antônio Duarte ◽  
Ângela Toshie Araki
Keyword(s):  
Laser Welding ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Welding Process ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Nickel Chromium ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Passive Fit

<p><span lang="EN-US">Among all desired requirements to dental prosthesis, marginal adaptation and passive fit are the most important. In some cases, in order to achieve these goals, it is necessary to cut and weld the teeth / implant-supported framework. Nowadays, the laser welding process shows a great advantage in comparison to other methods. The aim of this study was to evaluate the optimal laser welds point that is more appropriate to Ni-Cr prosthetic framework. A total of 60 specimens of Ni-Cr (35 mm x 4 mm) were designed and welded using a Nd:YAG laser device model EV 900. They were fixed in a metal piece 0.27 mm between the ends to be welded. All specimens were welded with 21 laser pulses diametrically opposed (frequency of 1.0Hz, load time 3.0 ms and 0.5 mm of diameter pulse). They were divided into three groups according to the electric current of the laser weld: A – 180A; B – 200A and C – 220A. To determinate the flexural mechanic strength, all specimens were submitted to a three-point bending test. The results obtained were: Group A = 553 Mpa; B = 751 Mpa and C = 802.1 Mpa. The control group was 1040.9 Mpa. ANOVA and Tukey’s test were performed and statistical significance differences were observed between group A and B as well as between group A and C. However, no significant difference was observed between B and C.</span></p>

scholarly journals Relationship of Blood Group Type and SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Experience in A Peripheral Military Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-99
Author(s):  
Md Soleman Badsha ◽  
Md Mizanur Rahman Khan ◽  
SM Belal Uddin ◽  
Kamrun Nesa
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Percentage Distribution ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A

Introduction: Clinical studies have shown that advanced age and chronic diseases increase the risk of infection. Different studies have found blood groups are also a determining factor of severity. However, in Bangladesh it is yet to have any clinical pattern in this respect. The aim of this study is to find out whether there exists a relationship between the blood groups of the patients and risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: The study is a retrospective cohort study. It included all hospitalized RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 patients in Combined Military Hospital (CMH) Barishal. We included both genders and people who are older than 14 years of age. The study was conducted during the period between 4th June and 3rd August, 2020. In this period total 556 individuals reported and tested for SARS-CoV-2 where COVID +ve patients are served as patient group and COVID –ve patients are served as the controls. Results: Our sample consists of 185 patients; we found a percentage distribution of 34.6%, 39.5%, 5.4%, and 20.54% for blood groups A, B, AB and O, respectively. Blood group A was statistically significantly more frequent among those infected with COVID-19 compared to controls (34.6% vs. 21.83%, p-value 0.045 (<0.05); OR: 1.894).On the other hand, the frequency of blood group O was significantly lower in the COVID-19 patients, compared to the control group (20.54% vs 32.88%, p-value0.049 (<0.05); OR: 0.528). Although there was a higher percentage distribution of the B blood group among COVID-19 patients as compared to the control groups, this difference did not reach statistical significance. Also, there was no significant difference in the risk of COVID-19 in blood group AB with a distribution of 6.2% in control group, and5.4% in COVID-19 patients. Conclusion: The results of the present study suggest that the blood group A might have a role in increased susceptibility to the COVID-19 infection and the blood group O might be somewhat protective. J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2021; 39(2): 94-99

scholarly journals Modified technique of end to side distal radio-cephalic shunt to overcome juxta-anastomotic stenosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1029
Author(s):  
Haitham Atif ◽  
Nehad Abdou Zaid ◽  
Abd El-Mieniem Fareed Mohamed ◽  
Yehia Mohamed Alkhateep
Keyword(s):  
Patency Rate ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Anastomotic Stenosis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Modified Technique ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Juxta-anastomotic stenosis (JAS) is one of the predominant causes of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) failure, with the reported incidence of 65%, so that technical modification to alter the outflow vein configuration using the modified technique has been applied to prevent JAS and improve AVF maturation. The aim of the study to evaluate the modified technique of end-to-side distal radiocephalic A-V fistula regarding maturation, patency rate and the resultant juxta-anastomotic stenosis.Methods: This prospective study was carried out on 80 patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) at vascular surgery unit in general surgery department, Menoufia university hospital that prepared for dialysis. 40 patients "intervention group" underwent the modified technique to establish a functioning radiocephalic fistula; the other group (40 patients, control group) had the conventional technique of end to side radiocephalic fistula. Follow up of patients was over 6 months regarding function, patency rate and development of juxta-anastomotic stenosis.Results: There was statistically significant difference between 2 groups regarding primary failure, patency and JAS. Primary failure was detected in 2 patients in group A and in 5 patients in group B (p-value is 0.04). Considering patency rate, after 3 months the ratio between group A and group B was 37:34 with significant P value of 0.02, and after 6 months the ratio was 35:33 with P value of 0.03. Regarding JAS, by the end of follow up period, 4 patients diagnosed with JAS in group A, while group B had 8 patients, with p value of 0.01.Conclusions: Modified technique of end to side anastomosis for primary radio-cephalic fistula creation has better patency rate and low incidence of JAS than conventional method.

Impact of Video Technology on the Comprehension of Patients With First Insulin Injection and the Efficiency of Nurse Education

2021 ◽  
pp. 105477382110366
Author(s):  
Jing Zhu ◽  
Le-wen Shao ◽  
Jing-yun Yuan ◽  
Liang Zhu ◽  
Can-hua Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Insulin Injection ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Group A ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Back Education ◽  
Insulin Storage

This study aims to compare the effectiveness of video and paper materials used for teach-back education on the first insulin injection for patients with diabetes. The study enrolled 110 patients hospitalized for diabetes who had received education on their first insulin injection in the endocrinology department. The patients were divided into an intervention group ( n = 55) and a control group ( n = 55) using convenience sampling. Video materials were employed for the teach-back education of the intervention group, while paper materials were employed for the teach-back education of the control group. We compared cases who answered correctly to the common parts (selection and management of injection devices, selection and rotation of injection sites, proper use of injection angles and pinching, insulin storage, injection-related complications and their prevention, selection of the correct needle length, and safe disposal of needles after use) for the first time, the number of educational sessions and total education duration between the two groups and employed the “ My View on Insulin” questionnaire to survey the two groups before and 28 days after the intervention. The intervention group had a shorter total education duration than the control group, a difference that was statistically significant ( p < .001). The intervention group had more advantages over the control group in terms of rotation education at the injection site ( p < .05). There was no statistically significant difference in the questionnaire scores between the two groups after the intervention ( p > .05); however, both groups scored significantly higher than before the intervention, a difference that was statistically significant ( p < .001). The teach-back method combined with video materials applied for educating patients on their first insulin injection could reduce the education duration by healthcare providers and improve the patients’ psychological insulin resistance. The key to successfully teaching patients to self-administer insulin, and allowing them to master the steps involved, is to focus on “why” rather than “what” to do.

scholarly journals The Effect of Purgative Manna and Clofibrate on Neonatal Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abolfazl Mahyar ◽  
Shahrokh Mehrpisheh ◽  
Bahman Khajeh ◽  
Parviz Ayazi ◽  
Sonia Oveisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Bilirubin ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Serum Bilirubin Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Term Neonates ◽  
Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Hospital Stays ◽  
Group B

Abstract- This study was conducted to determine the effect of purgative Manna and clofibrate on unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia of term neonates. In this randomized clinical trial study, sixty neonates suffering from unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia were evaluated. The neonates were divided into three groups using balanced block randomization. Group A (control group-received only phototherapy), group B (intervention group-received purgative Manna and phototherapy) and group C (intervention group-received clofibrate and phototherapy). After the intervention, the amount of serum bilirubin reduction was compared between groups. There was no significant difference among group A, B, and C in terms of serum bilirubin reduction in 24, 48 and 72 hours after starting the intervention (P>0.05). The hospital stays in the control group was significantly longer than the intervention groups (P<0.05). No side effects were observed related to using purgative Mienna and clofibrate. The present study showed that prescribing of purgative Manna and clofibrate has no effect on reduction of serum bilirubin level in term neonates with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia. Thus, it seems that the administration of these drugs is not necessary. Further studies in this regard are recommended.

scholarly journals Effects of a muscular stretching and strengthening school-based exercise program on posture, trunk mobility, and musculoskeletal pain among elementary schoolchildren - a randomized controlled trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Vieira Batistão ◽  
Letícia Carnaz ◽  
Roberta de Fátima Carreira Moreira ◽  
Tatiana de Oliveira Sato
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Based ◽  
Postural Changes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Strengthening Exercises

Abstract Introduction: The exercise benefits for the most prevalent postural changes require proper investigation, with large samples, control group, and concealed allocation. Objective: To assess the effects of a muscular stretching and strengthening school-based exercise program on posture, trunk mobility, and musculoskeletal pain among elementary schoolchildren. Method: Three hundred students from three schools in Brazil were evaluated. Stretching and strengthening exercises, twice a week, for eight weeks in group sessions were provided by one physiotherapist. The control group did not undergo any intervention. Head, back and shoulder posture were qualitatively evaluated. Head and trunk alignment were evaluated using the Posture Assessment Software. Cervical, thoracic, low back and upper limb pain were assessed for the last seven days. The trunk mobility was recorded through the flexibility of the posterior chain. Posture, pain and trunk mobility were recorded at baseline and after the intervention. Groups were compared using χ2 test, two-way MANOVA, and two-way ANOVA, with α set at 5%. Results: Shoulder posture showed significant results (P = 0.04), the intervention group showed the lower worsening rate. In the quantitative evaluation, a statistically significant difference was observed between assessments (P < 0.01 for head and trunk; ES = 0.53) but not between groups. The intervention group had a higher percentage of improvement in the overall musculoskeletal pain (P = 0.04; ES = 0.54). Mobility decreased an average of 1.8° in the control group and increased 5.0° in the intervention group, without statistical significance. Conclusion: The program was effective in reducing pain level and shoulder misalignment at the intervention group.

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