scholarly journals Increasing the safery of railway passenger and freight traffic

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-90
Author(s):  
O.M. Markova ◽  
◽  
M.V. Sobolevska ◽  
T.F. Mokrii ◽  
D.V. Horobets ◽  
...  

In 2020, the Ukrainian Government conducted an audit of the Ukrainian economy for nearly 30 years of independence and decided on the vectors of economic development aimed at European and Euro-Atlantic integration. The audit of the Ukrainian railways showed that most of the railway assets are critically worn. The audit and the vectors became a starting point for the development of the National Economic Strategy of Ukraine up to 2030, which was approved on March 3, 2021. One of the priorities of this strategy is the development of the transport sector by a succession of steps, including railway track and vehicle renewal, the introduction of high-speed passenger transport, and increasing railway traffic safety and environment safety on the Urrainian railways. The aim of this paper is to work out recommendations on increasing the safety of passenger and freight traffic in Ukraine. The paper generalizes the experience gained over the years of Ukrainian independence in the fundamental and applied transport-oriented reseach conducted at the Department of Sttistical Dynamics and Multidimensional Mechanical Systems, Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine. This experience may be useful in the implementation of the above steps on the way to the sustainable development of the Ukrainian railway transport. In the paper, emphasis is on new investigations into the passive propection of the cars of a motor car train in emergency collisions whose scenarios are specified by Ukrainian State Standard DSTU EN 15227. Based on a mathematical model of a collision of identical motor car trains, a mathematical model was developed to simulate a collision of a motor car train with a large vehicle at a crossing with account for a specified force characteristic of interaction of the leading car equipped with a passive safety system with a deformable obstacle. The model developed was used in analyzing dynamic loads on the cars of a motor car train with a passive safety system in its collision at 110 km/h with a 15 t large vehicle at a railway crossing. With consideration for the results of previous investigations into the dynamics of emergency collisions of a motor car train with an identical train and a fright car, recommendations were worked out on the passive protection of a home-made leading car in accordance with the requirements of normative documents. The proposed mathematical models and designs of energy-absorbing devices, the research results, and the practical recommendations worked out may be used in designing new motor car train vehicles for the Ukrainian railways in accordance with the DSTU EN 15227 requirements for passive protection in emergency collisions.

Author(s):  
Byong Guk Jeon ◽  
Yeon-Sik Cho ◽  
Hwang Bae ◽  
Yeon-Sik Kim ◽  
Sung-Uk Ryu ◽  
...  

2016 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 191-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Nawaz Butt ◽  
Muhammad Ilyas ◽  
Masroor Ahmad ◽  
Fatih Aydogan

Author(s):  
Akira Murase ◽  
Mikihide Nakamaru ◽  
Ryoichi Hamazaki ◽  
Masahiko Kuroki ◽  
Munetaka Takahashi

Considering the delay of the first breeding reactor (FBR), it is expected that the light water reactor will still play the main role of the electric power generation in the 2030’s. Accordingly, Toshiba has been developing a new conceptual ABWR as the near-term BWR. We tentatively call it AB1600. The AB1600 has introduced the hybrid active/passive safety system in order to have independent countermeasure for severe accidents and better probability of core damage frequency (CDF) considered external events such as earthquake. On the other hand, we have another goal of the AB1600, which is to retain the safety performance superior or equivalent to the current ABWR without deterioration of economy. In order to achieve both economy and safety performance, we have optimized the safety system configuration of the AB1600 by partly introducing passive safety system to design basis event (DBEs). At the same time, we have adopted the simplification of the overall plant systems in order to improve economy. In order to reduce capital cost, to shorten refueling period and to reduce maintenance effort, the AB1600 introduces the large fuel bundle size. The bundle size is 1.2 times as large as that of the ABWR and the fuel rod array is 12 by 12. And then by progressing the core design, we can reduce the number of reactor internal pumps (RIPs) to eight from the current ABWR of ten. The core power density, the number of fuel bundles, and the core diameter of AB1600 are decided in order to achieve 24 months fuel cycle length on the condition with below 5wt% enrichment of fuel and with eight RIPs.


Author(s):  
Mian Xing ◽  
Zhaocan Meng ◽  
Xiaotao Liao ◽  
Canhui Sun ◽  
Shuming Zhang ◽  
...  

SPICRI (State Power Investment Central Research Institute) is developing a new conceptual design of heating-reactor, named Heating-reactor of Advanced low-Pressurized and Passive safetY system (HAPPY), which is targeted for the district heating, desalination of seawater, and other heat applications. It is a 200MWth two-loop low-pressurized water reactor with low thermal parameters. The whole reactor vessel is deployed inside a shielding and cooling pool with thermal insulation measure. The conceptual design of HAPPY is described in this paper, including the design criteria, safety features, main parameters and main components. A preliminary safety analysis is carried out to provide a reference for the design and optimization of HAPPY. In this paper, four different LOCA analyses are described and compared. The results show that the current design can deal well with all the selected LOCA scenarios and the effectiveness of the safety systems is proved.


2014 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 287-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Lim ◽  
S.W. Choi ◽  
J. Yang ◽  
D.Y. Lee ◽  
S. Rassame ◽  
...  

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