Hazard and risk analysis in the logistics safety system based on international quality requirements

Publikacja prezentuje analizę zagrożeń i ryzyka w systemie bezpieczeństwa logistycznego prowadzonego na podstawie międzynarodowych wymagań jakościowych. Określono problem badawczy oraz pytania badawcze. Wskazano także cel badań, hipotezy badawcze, przedmiot i obszar badań oraz określono próbę badawczą. Przedstawione zostały definicje zagrożenia i ryzyka oraz metodyka analizy i procesu zarządzania nimi w przedsiębiorstwie. W dalszej części artykułu zaprezentowano miejsce analizy zagrożeń i ryzyka w międzynarodowych standardach jakościowych. Przybliżono mechanizm analizy ryzyka jako narzędzia zapewnienia jakości w brytyjskich, amerykańskich i polskich procedurach obronnych. Na koniec przedstawiono przykład wdrażania wymagań systemu zarządzania jakością dla przemysłu lotniczego, kosmicznego i obronnego w polskim przedsiębiorstwie. Analiza zagrożeń i ryzyka z nimi związanego na przykładzie i w oparciu o standardy międzynarodowe ma na celu uzasadnienie postawionych hipotez dotyczących wpływu analizy ryzyka na procesy decyzyjne w przedsiębiorstwie. Metody badawcze zastosowane to analiza przyczynowo - skutkowa, synteza informacji z zastosowaniem kojarzenia numerycznego i logicznego celem zebrania uporządkowanego materiału dowodowego. Rezultatem badań jest potwierdzenie postawionych hipotez dla procesu zarządzania ryzykiem. Proces zarządzania ryzykiem jest procesem ciągłym i wpływa na osiąganie celów strategicznych przedsiębiorstwa. Kluczowym czynnikiem dla faktycznego wdrożenia analizy zagrożeń i ryzyka w przedsiębiorstwie jest przeszkolony personel stosownie do zajmowanych stanowisk. Dodatkowym czynnikiem jest sposób zrozumienie i wdrożenie procesu zarządzania ryzykiem w przedsiębiorstwie.

The integrated environmental monitoring system as a key factor of environmental safety of chemical weapons storage and destruction facilities

In the destruction of chemical weapons initiated in the Russian Federation in 1996, environmental safety issues played a key role in the creation of facilities for storing and destroying chemical weapons. The process of destroying chemical weapons is at the stage of eliminating consequences of activities and involving former destruction facilities in the economic turnover. The issue of development of safety systems is relevant. The purpose of the article is to study problems in the system of environmental safety insurance at chemical weapons destruction facilities and to identify possible ways of further development. The main methods used are analysis of information, induction, analogies, and generalization. The following conclusions were drawn: the environmental safety system fits into the system of safety insurance; the key subsystem is highly accurate and prompt environmental monitoring. Responding to the principles of the construction of head systems, complex monitoring systems were created at chemical weapons destruction facilities. The improvement of this subsystem can improve the environmental safety at these facilities; further development of the integrated environmental monitoring system requires the methods of data analysis and processing tools. Since the result of the monitoring system is information, its processing and interpretation is the most complex and time-consuming process. The use of modern information processing tools can reduce the time for an analysis, improve the quality, and create an information base for decision support systems in the environmental safety system. The research made it possible to outline further ways to improve the environmental safety systems at chemical weapons destruction facilities, which will further ensure the environmental safety and sustainability of chemical weapons destruction facilities and other potentially dangerous facilities that affect the environment.

Strengthening the Global Nuclear Safety Regime

Nuclear power is an important component of the global response to climate change. Nuclear power provides continuous electricity and can overcome the intermittency of the renewable energy sources dependent on wind and sun. Assurance of nuclear safety is essential for further expanding nuclear power as a part of the global response to climate change. The commitment to safety must be a universal priority, as the prospects for nuclear power everywhere would be adversely influenced by the public outcry following a serious nuclear event anywhere. The importance of the global nuclear safety regime was revealed by the accident at the Fukushima Daiichi NPP. The accident reinforced that in addition to the need to have a competent national nuclear safety system in place, it is ultimately important to have an international system that ensures that the relevant national institutions diligently and effectively fulfil their roles. This chapter examines the current global nuclear safety regime and suggests improvements, including through safety inspection, greater transparency measures, increased harmonization of standards, and others.

Designing a Vehicle Collison-Avoidance Safety System using Arduino

The future of automotive relies on the mechatronic and electronic systems. The worldwide growth of automotive towards electronic systems suggests that driverless cars would soon be the common commuters. With such improvements safety of the passengers becomes first priority for the manufacturers. Nowadays automobiles come with high end technologies and quick responsive electronic systems. In addition to the passive safety systems, active safety systems definitely avoid collision thereby reducing the chances of injury and death. This project shows the working of an active safety system that is collision avoidance system. To create the model, TINKERCAD software has been used and a detailed working is explained. As a result, the system detects traffic and can alert the driver and stop the vehicle before meeting the collision. Keywords: Active Safety System, Arduino, Tinkercad, Vehicle Electronics System, Automotive Safety System, Collision Avoidance System, Self-Driving Car, Driverless Vehicle.

RISC-V Based Safety System-on-Chip with Hardware Comparator

In this paper, a Safety System-on-Chip based on the open-source RISC-V processor SweRV EH1 from Western Digital is presented. A hardware comparator concept is followed. The SSoC is implemented on a Xilinx FPGA system and extended with standard peripherals from the Xilinx IP library and from Cobham Gaisler, so that the overall system has an Ethernet interface in addition to GPIO and UART. The goal is to create a complete redundancy approach with a hardware fault tolerance of nearly 1 from input to output based on the freely available RISC-V instruction set and prove its feasibility.

Assessment of Nanobag as a New Safety System in the Frontal Sled Test

Objective: The future mobility challenges leads to considering new safety systems to protect vehicle passengers in non-standard and complex seating configurations. The objective of this study is to assess the performance of a brand new safety system called nanobag and to compare it to the traditional airbag performance in the frontal sled test scenario. Methods: The nanobag technology is assessed in the frontal crash test scenario and compared with the standard airbag by numerical simulation. The previously identified material model is used to assemble the nanobag numerical model. The paper exploits an existing validated human body model to assess the performance of the nanobag safety system. Using both the new nanobag and the standard airbag, the sled test numerical simulations with the variation of human bodies are performed in 30 km/h and 50 km/h frontal impacts. Results: The sled test results for both the nanobag and the standard airbag based on injury criteria shows a good and acceptable performance of the nanobag safety system compared to the traditional airbag. Conclusion: The results show that the nanobag system has its performance compared to the standard airbag, which means that thanks to the design, the nanobag safety system has a high potential and extended application for multi-directional protection against impact.

Design and Validation of a Camera-Based Safety System for Fenceless Robotic Work Cells

A two-dimensional (2-D) camera system with a real-time image processing-based safety technology is a cost-effective alternative that needs optimization of the cell layout, the number of cameras, and the camera’s locations and orientations. A design optimization study was performed using the multi-criteria linear fractional programming method and considering the number of cameras, the resolution, as well as camera positions and orientations. A table-top experimental setup was designed and built to test the effectiveness of the optimized design using two cameras. The designs at optimal and nonoptimal parameters were compared using a deep learning algorithm, ResNet-152. To eliminate blind spots, a simple but novel 2-D image merging technique was proposed as an alternative to commonly employed stereo imaging methods. Verification experiments were conducted by using two camera resolutions with two graphic processors under varying illuminance. It was validated that high-speed entrances to the safety system were detected reliably and with a 0.1 s response time. Moreover, the system was proven to work effectively at a minimum illuminance of 120 lux, while commercial systems cannot be operated under 400 lux. After determining the most appropriate 2-D camera type, positions, and angles within the international standards, the most cost-effective solution set with a performance-to-price ratio up to 15 times higher than high-cost 3-D camera systems was proposed and validated.