scholarly journals Application of nano cerium oxide in solid oxide fuel cells

Surface ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12(27) ◽  
pp. 231-250
Author(s):  
А. M. Grinko ◽  
◽  
А. V. Brichka ◽  
О. М. Bakalinska ◽  
М. Т. Каrtel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ◽  
Cerium Oxide ◽  
Oxygen Vacancies ◽  
Surface Defects ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Oxide Particles

This review is analyzed the state of modern literature on the nanoceria based materials application as components for solid oxide fuel cells. The principle of operation of fuel cells, their classification and the difference in the constructions of fuel cells are described. The unique redox properties of nanosized cerium oxide make this material promising for application as components for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC). Because of high ionic conductivity, high coefficient of thermal expansion and low activation energy at relatively low temperatures, cerium-containing materials are widely used as a solid electrolyte. On the surface of nanosized CeO2 there many surface defects (which is determined by the concentration of oxygen vacancies) that lead to the electronic conductivity increases even at temperatures (300 - 700 °C). The concentration of surface defects can be increased by doping the surface of nanoceria by divalent and trivalent cations. The ionic and electrical properties of the obtained nanocomposites dependent from synthesis methods, ionic radii and concentration of doping cations. It is explained the effect of the transition in the size of cerium oxide particles in the nanoscale region on the concentration of surface defects and defects in the sample structure. Particular attention is paid to the effect of doping nanosized CeO2 by transition metal cations and lanthanides on the characteristics of the obtained material, namely, on the increase of concentration of surface defects due to the increase of oxygen vacancies. It is established that nanosized cerium oxide is used for the development and implementation of the main components of SOFC: electrolyte, anode and cathode. Advantages of using solid electrolytes based on nanosized cerium oxide over the classical electrolytes are listed. It was shown that doping of cerium oxide by double and triple cations lead to increase the ionic conductivity and reduces the activation energy and has a positive effect on its characteristics as a SOFC electrolyte. Composites, based on nanoscaled cerium oxide, are actively developed and studied for use as electrodes of solid oxide fuel cells. Cerium-containing anodes are resistant to the deposition of carbon and fuel impurities, increase the catalytic activity of solid oxide fuel cells, and compatible with other components. Nanosized cerium oxide particles are sprayed onto the cathode to prevent the cathode from interacting with the electrolyte. The prospects for the use of cerium-containing materials for the conversion of chemical energy of fuel into electrical energy are analyzed.

Oxygen vacancies-rich iron-based perovskite-like electrodes for symmetrical solid oxide fuel cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yihan Ling ◽  
Tian Li ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Yunfeng Tian ◽  
Xinxin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ◽  
Oxygen Vacancies ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Iron Based

scholarly journals A Bulk-Heterostructure Nanocomposite Electrolyte of Ce0.8Sm0.2O2-δ–SrTiO3 for Low-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yixiao Cai ◽  
Yang Chen ◽  
Muhammad Akbar ◽  
Bin Jin ◽  
Zhengwen Tu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Electrode Polarization ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Ac Impedance Analysis

AbstractSince colossal ionic conductivity was detected in the planar heterostructures consisting of fluorite and perovskite, heterostructures have drawn great research interest as potential electrolytes for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). However, so far, the practical uses of such promising material have failed to materialize in SOFCs due to the short circuit risk caused by SrTiO3. In this study, a series of fluorite/perovskite heterostructures made of Sm-doped CeO2 and SrTiO3 (SDC–STO) are developed in a new bulk-heterostructure form and evaluated as electrolytes. The prepared cells exhibit a peak power density of 892 mW cm−2 along with open circuit voltage of 1.1 V at 550 °C for the optimal composition of 4SDC–6STO. Further electrical studies reveal a high ionic conductivity of 0.05–0.14 S cm−1 at 450–550 °C, which shows remarkable enhancement compared to that of simplex SDC. Via AC impedance analysis, it has been shown that the small grain-boundary and electrode polarization resistances play the major roles in resulting in the superior performance. Furthermore, a Schottky junction effect is proposed by considering the work functions and electronic affinities to interpret the avoidance of short circuit in the SDC–STO cell. Our findings thus indicate a new insight to design electrolytes for low-temperature SOFCs.

scholarly journals Remarkable Ionic Conductivity in a LZO-SDC Composite for Low-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2277
Author(s):  
Zhengwen Tu ◽  
Yuanyuan Tian ◽  
Mingyang Liu ◽  
Bin Jin ◽  
Muhammad Akbar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ◽  
Ionic Conduction ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Open Circuit Voltages ◽  
Composite Samples

Recently, appreciable ionic conduction has been frequently observed in multifunctional semiconductors, pointing out an unconventional way to develop electrolytes for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). Among them, ZnO and Li-doped ZnO (LZO) have shown great potential. In this study, to further improve the electrolyte capability of LZO, a typical ionic conductor Sm0.2Ce0.8O1.9 (SDC) is introduced to form semiconductor-ionic composites with LZO. The designed LZO-SDC composites with various mass ratios are successfully demonstrated in SOFCs at low operating temperatures, exhibiting a peak power density of 713 mW cm−2 and high open circuit voltages (OCVs) of 1.04 V at 550 °C by the best-performing sample 5LZO-5SDC, which is superior to that of simplex LZO electrolyte SOFC. Our electrochemical and electrical analysis reveals that the composite samples have attained enhanced ionic conduction as compared to pure LZO and SDC, reaching a remarkable ionic conductivity of 0.16 S cm−1 at 550 °C, and shows hybrid H+/O2− conducting capability with predominant H+ conduction. Further investigation in terms of interface inspection manifests that oxygen vacancies are enriched at the hetero-interface between LZO and SDC, which gives rise to the high ionic conductivity of 5LZO-5SDC. Our study thus suggests the tremendous potentials of semiconductor ionic materials and indicates an effective way to develop fast ionic transport in electrolytes for low-temperature SOFCs.

A Multiphysics Modeling Study of (Pr0.7Sr0.3)MnO3±δ∕8mol% Yttria-Stabilized Zirconia Composite Cathodes for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

2004 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke An ◽  
Kenneth L. Reifsnider
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Composite Cathode ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Yttria Stabilized Zirconia ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Stabilized Zirconia ◽  
Before And After

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are expected to be a future power source. Simulation analyses of SOFCs can help to understand well the interactive functions among the multiphysics phenomena in the SOFC system. A three-dimensional multiphysics finite-element model was used to simulate the performance of a half-cell SOFC with (Pr0.7Sr0.3)MnO3±δ∕8mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia (8YSZ) composite cathode on one side of the 8YSZ electrolyte before and after aging. Multiphysics phenomena in the SOFC were considered in the modeling. The current/voltage curves simulated matched the experimental data before and after aging. The average current density was found to have a linear relationship to the logarithm of the effective exchange current density. The effect of the effective ionic conductivity of the composite cathode was more apparent for small total effective ionic conductivity values than for large ones.

Ionic Conductivity in Laco1-XMgX03-δ: A Potential Cathode Material for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

1995 ◽  
Vol 393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anbin Yu ◽  
Sossina M. Haile
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Oxygen Vacancy ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ◽  
Cathode Material ◽  
Triple Point ◽  
Vacancy Concentration ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxygen Vacancy Concentration ◽  
Oxide Fuel

ABSTRACTA serious concern with present designs of solid oxide fuel cells is the requirement that “triple-point junctions” exist, sites at which the cathode, electrolyte and oxidizing gas are in simultaneous contact. Only at these junctions can the cathode catalyze the reduction of oxygen into 0= ions and initiate their subsequent transport through the electrolyte. Enhanced ionic conductivity in the cathode material may increase the surface area over which reduction can take place and relax the triple-point constraint. To this end, we have examined the electrical and structural properties of LaCo1-xMgx03-δ materials under various atmospheres. Oxygen ion transport in this and related ABO3 perovskites takes place via oxygen vacancy migration. We have opted to investigate the effect of Mg doping on the transition metal site in an effort to maintain a significant oxygen vacancy concentration in oxidizing atmospheres (as would be encountered during fuel cell operation) and to isolate the effects of A- and B-site doping.

Grain boundaries in ceramics for solid oxide fuel cells

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 960-961
Author(s):  
F. Tsai ◽  
J. M. Cowley ◽  
S. S. Jiang ◽  
J. B. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Transport Number ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Secondary Phases ◽  
Ionic Conductors

Calcia stabilized zirconia(CSZ) and ceria(CeO2) doped with rare-earth oxides have been used as electrolytes in solid oxide fuel cells(SOFC). Such ceramics are usually good ionic conductors for oxygen ions at elevated temperatures. A few studies have attempted to correlate the microstructures with ionic conductivity. It was suggested that the grain boundaries play a role in depressing the ionic conductivity. In their study, it was found that continuous “thick” boundary layers of secondary phases existed on the grain boundaries and blocked ion transport.In the present studies, high resolution transmission electron microscopy has been used to investigate the microstructures of grain boundaries in zirconia doped with calcia (ZrO2 + 13%CaO) and ceria ceramics doped with calcia (CeO2 + 10% CaO). The ceramics was made in our Solid State Ionics Laboratory. Transport number measurements on zirconia samples showed that the transport number tO2- =1 from PO2 = 10-17 atm to PO2 =1 atm.

Enhanced ionic conductivity in Gd-doped ceria and (Li/Na)2SO4 composite electrolytes for solid oxide fuel cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 90-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuangang Yao ◽  
Junling Meng ◽  
Xiaojuan Liu ◽  
Xiong Zhang ◽  
Xiliang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Doped Ceria ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Composite Electrolytes

Influence of cerium oxide on properties of glass–ceramic sealants for solid oxide fuel cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 90 (8) ◽  
pp. 1278-1284 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Krainova ◽  
S. T. Zharkinova ◽  
N. S. Saetova ◽  
A. A. Raskovalov ◽  
A. V. Kuz’min ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ◽  
Cerium Oxide ◽  
Glass Ceramic ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel

Vertically aligned nanocomposite electrolytes with superior out-of-plane ionic conductivity for solid oxide fuel cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 242 ◽  
pp. 455-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Su ◽  
Daeil Yoon ◽  
Aiping Chen ◽  
Fauzia Khatkhatay ◽  
Arumugam Manthiram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
Vertically Aligned ◽  
Nanocomposite Electrolytes
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