scholarly journals CYANOGENIC GLYCOSIDES - THEIR ROLE AND POTENTIAL IN PLANT FOOD RESOURCES

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ľubomír Harenčár
Keyword(s):  
Food Resources ◽  
Cyanogenic Glycosides ◽  
Plant Food

Variations in grizzly bear habitat selection in relation to the daily and seasonal availability of annual plant-food resources

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 101116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cameron J.R. McClelland ◽  
Nicholas C. Coops ◽  
Sean P. Kearney ◽  
A. Cole Burton ◽  
Scott E. Nielsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Habitat Selection ◽  
Food Resources ◽  
Grizzly Bear ◽  
Annual Plant ◽  
Plant Food

Utilization of plant food resources by phytoseiid mite species with different feeding habits

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Wari ◽  
Jun Yamashita ◽  
Hidenari Kishimoto ◽  
Shoji Sonoda
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Food Resources ◽  
Phytoseiid Mite ◽  
Plant Food

scholarly journals Plant food resources exploited by Blue-and-Yellow Macaws (Ara ararauna, Linnaeus 1758) at an urban area in Central Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 429-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
AA. Santos ◽  
J. Ragusa-Netto
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Feeding Activity ◽  
Food Resources ◽  
Food Plants ◽  
Plant Food ◽  
Native Plant ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Feeding Niche

In this study, we described the food plants available to Blue-and-Yellow Macaws (Ara ararauna), its feeding habits and the relationship between these parameters with feeding niche breadth. We established four transects, each one 12 km long, to sample fruiting plants and the feeding habits of this macaw (monthly 40 h, of observations), at the urban areas of Três Lagoas (Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil). During all studied months, macaws foraged for palm fruits, mainly Syagrus oleracea and Acrocomia aculeata fruit pulp, both available all year, as well as Caryocar brasiliense and Anacardium occidentale seeds, in the wet season. The year-round feeding activity of macaws suggests Três Lagoas city as an adequate feeding area. The permanent availability of plant food resources, potentially, resulted from the diverse fruiting patterns of exotic and, mainly, native plant species, which provided a variety of suitable fruit patches.

scholarly journals Plant food resources and the diet of a parrot community in a gallery forest of the southern Pantanal (Brazil)

2006 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 1021-1032 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Ragusa-Netto ◽  
A. Fecchio
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Production ◽  
Food Resources ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Plant Food ◽  
Gallery Forest ◽  
Forest Canopies ◽  
Fleshy Fruits ◽  
Parrot Species ◽  
Neotropical Dry Forests ◽  
Vegetation Mosaics

Neotropical parrots usually forage in forest canopies for nectar, flowers, leaves, fruit pulp, and seeds. As they have no all-purpose territories, these birds usually exploit vegetation mosaics in order to use plentiful resources as they become available. In this study we examine the use of a gallery forest in the southern Pantanal (Brazil) by a diverse parrot community that ranged from Brotogeris chiriri (a small species) to Ara chloroptera (a large one). Plant food resources principally used by parrots were abundantly available during the rainy season (fleshy fruits), the annual floods (fleshy fruits), and the dry season (flowers). While both smaller and larger species foraged on fruits, parakeets largely consumed the pulp, while larger parrot species used pulp and seeds. In the dry season parakeets foraged extensively on nectar, especially Inga vera nectar that was abundantly available during the last two months of the dry season, the harshest period of the year. Among larger parrots, only Propyrrhura auricollis frequently harvested nectar. Fruits maturing during floods, despite being fish- or water- dispersed were extensively used by the parrots. Hence, unlike what happens in most other Neotropical dry forests, occurrence of a fruiting peak during the annual flooding, which occurs in the transition from the wet to the dry season, constitutes an extra and significant episode of food availability, since in this period, fruit production normally declines. Therefore, the unique and abundant availability of flowers and fruits in this gallery forest may account for the presence of large parrot populations in the southern Pantanal.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity of Large Japanese Field Mouse Apodemus speciosus Populations and Identification of their Food Plant Resources using DNA Barcoding in an Industrial Green Space

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Taichi Fujii ◽  
Hirokazu Kawamoto ◽  
Tomoyasu Shirako ◽  
Kaoru Ueno ◽  
Motoyasu Minami
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Food Resources ◽  
Food Plant ◽  
Field Mouse ◽  
Plant Food ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Apodemus Speciosus ◽  
Reclaimed Land ◽  
Rbcl Sequences

Estimates of the genetic diversity of Large Japanese field mouse Apodemusspeciosus populations and identification of their plant food resources were conducted in an industrial green space, where were constructed on reclaimed land and belonged to the Aichi Refinery of Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd., in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. A total of six mitochondrial D-loop haplotypes were identified in 50 mice. Habitat condition with the highest number of captured individuals had abundant broad-leaved trees and understory vegetation. A minimum spanning network, which did not form a ring-shaped network, revealed that the hereditary population structure was weak. The low genetic diversity observed in the study area was thus attributed to isolation from other populations once the population in the study area by sea and road, which is more than 30 m wide. In order to identify which plant food resources were utilized by mice captured inside the industrial green space, partial chloroplast rbcL sequences were amplified by PCR from DNA extracted from 43 feces samples. Calculations of sample completeness curve revealed that 25 of the taxa identified in this study comprised approximately 90% of the food plant resources in the study area. Of the 21 plant families identified from the obtained rbcL sequences, members of the Rosaceae (28.0%), Fagaceae (17.2%), Lauraceae (14.2%) and Oleaceae (7.7%) were dominant. To ensure the continued survival of A. speciosuspopulation in this industrial green space would be to preferentially conserve plant species that are used as food resources by this species.

scholarly journals Identification of Lagopus muta japonica plant food resources in the Northern Japan Alps using DNA metabarcoding

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taichi Fujii ◽  
Kaoru Ueno ◽  
Tomoyasu Shirako ◽  
Masatoshi Nakamura ◽  
Motoyasu Minami
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Food Resources ◽  
Food Plants ◽  
Plant Food ◽  
Entire Study ◽  
Rarefaction Analysis ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Dna Metabarcoding ◽  
Collection Period ◽  
Lagopus Muta

DNA metabarcoding was employed to identify plant-derived food resources of the Japanese rock ptarmigan ( Lagopus muta japonica ), registered as a natural living monument in Japan, in the Northern Japanese Alps in Toyama Prefecture, Japan, in July to October, 2015-2018. By combined use of rbcL and ITS2 local databases of 74 alpine plant species found in the study area, a total of 43 plant taxa were identified and could be assigned to 40 species (93.0%), two genera (4.7%), and one family (2.3%). Rarefaction analysis of each sample collection period showed that this study covered more than 90% of the plant food resources found in the study area. Of the 21 plant families identified using the combined rbcL and ITS2 local databases, the most dominant families were Ericaceae (98.1% of 105 fecal samples), followed by Rosaceae (42.9%), Apiaceae (35.2%), and Poaceae (19.0%). In all fecal samples examined, the most frequently encountered plant species were Vaccinium ovalifolium var. ovalifolium (69.5%), followed by Empetrum nigrum var. japonicum (68.6%), Vaccinium sp. (54.3%), Kalmia procumbens (42.9%), and Tilingia ajanensis (34.3%). Rarefaction analysis of each collection period in the study revealed that this study covered more than 90% (from 91.0% in July to 97.5% in September) of the plant food resources found in the study area, and 98.1% of the plant food taxa were covered throughout the entire study period. Thus, DNA metabarcoding using the rbcL and ITS2 local databases of alpine plants in combination and rarefaction analysis are considered to be well suited for estimating the dominant food plants in the diet of Japanese rock ptarmigans. Further, the local database constructed in this study can be used to survey other areas with similar flora.

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