Term Newborn with Corneal Opacity

All patient coming to Index Medical College Hospital & Research Centre, Indore operated in Department of Ophthalmology for traumatic cataract due to various injuries Result: Of the 37 patients, 19 patients (51%) showed corneal/ corneal sclera injury. 10 cases had injury to iris in the form of spincter tear, traumatic mydriasis, iris incarceration, floppy iris, posterior and anterior synechiae. Subluxation of lens was seen in 2 cases and Dislocation of lens was in 1 cases. 3 cases had corneal opacity. Old retinal detachment was seen in 1 (3%) case. Out of 30 cases who had associated ocular injuries, 3 cases had vision of HM, 07 cases had vision of CF-ctf – CF-3’, 01 cases had vision of 5/60, 07 cases had vision of 6/60-6/36, 03 cases had vision of 6/24-6/18, 09 cases had vision of 6/12-6/6. Out of 7 cases without associated in injury, 2 cases had vision of 6/24-6/18, 05 cases had vision of 6/12-6/6. Conclusion: Corneal scarring obstructing the visual axis as well as by inducing irregular astigmatism formed an important cause of poor visual outcome in significant number of cases. Irreversible posterior segment damage lead to impaired vision case. The final visual outcome showed good result however the final visual outcome depends upon the extent of associated ocular injuries. Effective Intervention and management are the key points in preventing monocular blindness due to traumatic cataract. Keywords: Ocular, Tissues, Traumatic, Cataract & Surgery.

Download Full-text

Working conditions and occupational risks of anterior eye pathology in metalworking machine operators

Russian Journal of Occupational Health and Industrial Ecology ◽

10.31089/1026-9428-2020-60-7-462-467 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 462-467

Author(s):

N. I. Latyshevskaya ◽

M. A. Alborova ◽

L. A. Davydenko ◽

A. V. Belyaevа

Keyword(s):

Working Conditions ◽

Work Experience ◽

Anterior Segment ◽

Tear Film ◽

Corneal Opacity ◽

Occupational Risks ◽

Machine Operators ◽

Comparison Groups ◽

Working Groups ◽

Visual Organ

Introduction. The profession of “machine operator in metalworking”, one of the most common professions in various industries, characterized by a large volume of abrasive operations, accompanied by dust formation, which creates a potential for the occurrence of diseases of the visual organ.The aim of the study is to provide a hygienic assessment of working conditions and occupational risk of visual organ pathology in metalworking machine operators.Materials and methods. Observation groups — machine operators for metalworking of two training groups (experience up to 5 years, experience of 6–20 years). Two comparison groups (administrative and technical personnel of the enterprise) are formed according to the same age-experience principle.Results. The working conditions of machine operators were classified as class 3.2. taking into account the severity and intensity of the work process and the noise level (80 dBA) in the workplace. Nitrogen oxide, carbon monoxide, and manganese were registered in the air of the working area in concentrations below the permissible concentration (PC), and the aerosol dihydroxide was registered above the PC in 25.8% of cases. In the main working groups, diseases of the anterior segment of the eye were more often registered, among which dry eye syndrome (DYS) prevailed (94.1%), chronic blepharoconjunctivitis (79.9%), persistent corneal opacification (21.7%). There was an increase in the prevalence of detected diseases with an increase in work experience (p≤0.05). In machine operators, the frequency of inhibition of lacrimal formation and decreased stability of the tear film was recorded significantly more often, with increasing work experience, the degree of violation of lacrimal formation and stability of the tear film increased. The chances of detecting pathology of the anterior segment of the eye in machine operators are 5.9 and 3.5 times higher than in the comparison group. There are different forces of connection, increasing with the increase of work experience in the profession, between the working conditions of machine operators and the occurrence of SHG (relatively strong), with chronic blepharoconjunctivitis and persistent corneal opacity (medium strength), which suggests the professional conditionality of this pathology.Conclusions. The results obtained suggest that the pathology of the anterior segment of the eye is professionally conditioned in metalworking machine operators and necessitate the introduction of preventive measures aimed at protecting the visual organ.

Download Full-text

First Molecular Confirmation of Equine Ocular Setaria digitata in China

Veterinary Sciences ◽

10.3390/vetsci8040055 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (4) ◽

pp. 55

Author(s):

Feng Yu ◽

Bo Liu ◽

Shulei Chen ◽

Ziwen Yi ◽

Xianyong Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Light Microscopy ◽

Corneal Opacity ◽

12S Rrna ◽

Rrna Gene ◽

Asian Countries ◽

Setaria Digitata ◽

12S Rrna Gene ◽

The Right ◽

Ocular Discharge

A 5-year-old Mongolian mare (Equus caballus Linnaeus, 1758) was observed to have corneal opacity and excessive ocular discharge. An ophthalmic examination revealed a moving thread-like cylindrical worm in the anterior chamber of the right eye. The parasite was successfully removed surgically. The worm was observed under light microscopy and confirmed as Setaria digitata by 12S rRNA gene amplification and sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated similarity with Setaria digitata in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) GenBank database isolated from other Asian countries. This report is the first confirmed case of equine ocular setariasis by molecular diagnosis in China, which may indicate its presence in livestock and promote research on its epidemiology.

Download Full-text

Glutamic Acid Uptake Inhibition Assay in Cultured Hep G2 Cells as an Alternative Method for Evaluating Potential In Vivo Eye Irritation

Alternatives to Laboratory Animals ◽

10.1177/026119298901600405 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 344-352

Author(s):

Paul J. Dierickx

Keyword(s):

Glutamic Acid ◽

Corneal Opacity ◽

Acid Uptake ◽

Hep G2 ◽

Hep G2 Cells ◽

Eye Irritation ◽

Uptake Inhibition ◽

Range Finding ◽

G2 Cells

Glutamic acid (GA) content was measured in cultured Hep G2 cells, after treatment of the cells with test compounds. The results with 37 chemicals were compared with their respective rabbit eye irritation data, of which 17 were determined according to the OECD test, and the other 20 in range-finding studies. The chemicals were mainly organic solvents (alcohols, esters, amines, acids and others). The xenobiotics were applied to the cells for 4 hours at 5 different concentrations. The cells were then incubated for 15 minutes with tritiated GA. GA uptake inhibition was measured by liquid scintillation counting, and the results were expressed as the GI50 value, which is the concentration of test compound required to induce a 50% reduction in GA uptake. A linear correlation coefficient r = 0.66 was found between the log GI50 and the mean corneal opacity scores. This value is comparable to that obtained in total protein and uridine uptake inhibition studies. However, r = 0.81 was found when the log GI50 was compared with range-finding scores, indicating that a closer relationship exists between cytotoxicity and the latter.

Download Full-text

Expired Tidal Volume and Respiratory Rate during Postnatal Stabilization of Term Newborn Infants Born by Cesarean Delivery

The Journal of Pediatrics: X ◽

10.1016/j.ympdx.2020.100063 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 100063

Author(s):

Susana Baixauli-Alacreu ◽

Celia Padilla-Sánchez ◽

David Hervás-Marín ◽

Inmaculada Lara-Cantón ◽

Alvaro Solaz-García ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tidal Volume ◽

Respiratory Rate ◽

Cesarean Delivery ◽

Newborn Infants ◽

Term Newborn

Download Full-text

Effect of Poly(L-lysine) and Heparin Coatings on the Surface of Polyester-Based Particles on Prednisolone Release and Biocompatibility

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics13060801 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 801

Author(s):

Abdelrahman Mohamed ◽

Viktor Korzhikov-Vlakh ◽

Nan Zhang ◽

André Said ◽

Iuliia Pilipenko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drug Delivery ◽

Drug Delivery Systems ◽

Molecular Diffusion ◽

Corneal Opacity ◽

Testing Strategy ◽

Release Process ◽

Irritation Test ◽

Model Drug ◽

Novel Drug ◽

Permeability Assay

A plethora of micro- and nanoparticle types are currently investigated for advanced ocular treatment due to improved drug retention times, higher bioavailability and better biocompatibility. Yet, comparative studies of both physicochemical and toxicological performance of these novel drug delivery systems are still rare. Herein, poly(L-lactic acid)- and poly(ε-caprolactone)-based micro- and nanoparticles were loaded with prednisolone as a model drug. The physicochemical properties of the particles were varied with respect to their hydrophilicity and size as well as their charge and the effect on prednisolone release was evaluated. The particle biocompatibility was assessed by a two-tier testing strategy, combining the EpiOcularTM eye irritation test and bovine corneal opacity and permeability assay. The biodegradable polyelectrolyte corona on the particles’ surface determined the surface charge and the release rate, enabling prednisolone release for at least 30 days. Thereby, the prednisolone release process was mainly governed by molecular diffusion. Finally, the developed particle formulations were found to be nontoxic in the tested range of concentrations.

Download Full-text