BENIGN VI NERVE PALSIES IN CHILDREN

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1967 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 560-564
Author(s):  
David L. Knox ◽  
David B. Clark ◽  
Frank F. Schuster
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Nerve Palsy ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Important Conclusion ◽  
Diagnostic Studies ◽  
Viral Illness ◽  
Upper Respiratory

The case histories of 12 patients who developed a VI nerve palsy after an apparently benign illness have been presented. The palsy developed in children of any age in 7 to 21 days after fever or upper respiratory illness and cleared, in all but one child, within 10 weeks. Two etiologic mechanisms are possible: otitis media and its complications, or neuritis after systemic viral illness. The most important conclusion is that this is a relatively benign entity which first presents with malignant implications. Recognition of this syndrome allows the clinician to cautiously defer complicated diagnostic studies, such as arteriogram and pneumoencephalogram, with the expectation of improvement in the VI nerve palsy.

Cold, Cough, and Allergy Medications: Uses and Abuses

1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Murray L. Katcher
Keyword(s):  
Otitis Media ◽  
Common Cold ◽  
Symptomatic Relief ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
The United States ◽  
Upper Respiratory Infection ◽  
Common Diagnosis ◽  
Associated Symptoms ◽  
The Common ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Separately or in combination, antihistamines, decongestants, antitussives, and expectorants are used to treat the cough and rhinitis symptoms of the common cold and of allergies. Each year, Americans spend 1 to 2 billion dollars on cough and cold remedies and lose more than 26 million school days and 23 million work days because of rhinitis and associated symptoms. Studies have shown that antihistamines and decongestants are efficacious in the treatment of allergy symptoms, but the results of studies are mixed regarding their efficacy in the treatment of symptoms of the common cold, and studies show no effect in prevention or treatment of otitis media. Some review articles and consensus opinions do not recommend the use of these drugs in the common cold (especially in preschool children), although some studies have demonstrated symptomatic relief, and physicians continue to prescribe or recommend these drugs for respiratory illness more than 36 million times annually. The Common Cold More than 200 million cases of acute upper respiratory infection (URI) occur each year in the United States, and more than 75 million are seen by physicians. URIs account for 23 million missed work days and 26 million missed school days. This is the second most common diagnosis made by office-based pediatricians, second only to otitis media.

Diagnostic and Therapeutic Studies in Childhood Serous Otitis Media

1980 ◽  
Vol 89 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 285-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. O'Shea ◽  
David J. Lancenbrunner ◽  
John C. Pezzullo ◽  
David E. McCloskey ◽  
J. Barry Regan
Keyword(s):  
Tympanic Membrane ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Pharmaceutical Preparations ◽  
Diagnostic Studies ◽  
Middle Ear Fluid ◽  
Prognostic Importance ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Serous Otitis Media

Fifty-five children with their first recognized episodes of serous otitis media were followed over a three-month period. The efficacy of an antihistamine-adrenergic combination (diphenhydramine and pseudoephedrine), the comparative value of various diagnostic studies of middle ear function, and the prognostic importance of information obtained at the first visit were assessed. Compared double-blindly to a placebo, the pharmaceutical preparations did not appear to influence the clinical course, although more drug patients experienced lethargy or relief of symptoms not directly concerned with middle ear function (mainly upper respiratory congestion). The color and extent of motility of the tympanic membrane, but no other pneumatic otoscopic findings, were related to audiometry, whereas tympanometry correlated with the amount of motility and the presence or absence of visible fluid behind the membrane. The patients with the most severe hearing losses or with visible middle ear fluid at their initial visits improved the most, and those who began to be followed in the summer the least. The last finding may be due to a general but unexplained deterioration of childhood serous otitis media during the fall.

scholarly journals A young man presenting with encephalopathy and seizures secondary to SARS-CoV-2

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. e240576
Author(s):  
Bilal Athar Jalil ◽  
Mohsin Ijaz ◽  
Amir Maqbul Khan ◽  
Thomas Glenn Ledbetter
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Viral Meningitis ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Disease ◽  
Unique Case ◽  
Multisystem Involvement ◽  
Disease Associations ◽  
Viral Illness ◽  
Structural Brain ◽  
New Onset

COVID-19 has now emerged from a respiratory illness to a systemic viral illness with multisystem involvement. There is still a lot to learn about this illness as new disease associations with COVID-19 emerge consistently. We present a unique case of a neurological manifestation of a patient with structural brain disease who was COVID-19 positive and developed mental status changes, new-onset seizures and findings suggestive of viral meningitis on lumbar puncture. We also review the literature and discuss our case in the context of the other cases reported. We highlight the value of considering seizures and encephalopathy as one of the presenting features of COVID-19 disease.

scholarly journals Toll-Like Receptors: Expression and Roles in Otitis Media

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (15) ◽  
pp. 7868
Author(s):  
Su Young Jung ◽  
Dokyoung Kim ◽  
Dong Choon Park ◽  
Sung Soo Kim ◽  
Tong In Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Toll Like Receptors ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Otitis media is mainly caused by upper respiratory tract infection and eustachian tube dysfunction. If external upper respiratory tract infection is not detected early in the middle ear, or an appropriate immune response does not occur, otitis media can become a chronic state or complications may occur. Therefore, given the important role of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the early response to external antigens, we surveyed the role of TLRs in otitis media. To summarize the role of TLR in otitis media, we reviewed articles on the expression of TLRs in acute otitis media (AOM), otitis media with effusion (OME), chronic otitis media (COM) with cholesteatoma, and COM without cholesteatoma. Many studies showed that TLRs 1–10 are expressed in AOM, OME, COM with cholesteatoma, and COM without cholesteatoma. TLR expression in the normal middle ear mucosa is absent or weak, but is increased in inflammatory fluid of AOM, effusion of OME, and granulation tissue and cholesteatoma of COM. In addition, TLRs show increased or decreased expression depending on the presence or absence of bacteria, recurrence of disease, tissue type, and repeated surgery. In conclusion, expression of TLRs is associated with otitis media. Inappropriate TLR expression, or delayed or absent induction, are associated with the occurrence, recurrence, chronicization, and complications of otitis media. Therefore, TLRs are very important in otitis media and closely related to its etiology.

scholarly journals VITAMIN C AND UPPER RESPIRATORY ILLNESS IN NAVAHO CHILDREN: PRELIMINARY OBSERVATIONS (1974)

1975 ◽  
Vol 258 (1 Second Confer) ◽  
pp. 513-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Coulehan ◽  
Louis Kapner ◽  
Susan Eberhard ◽  
Floyd H. Taylor ◽  
Kenneth D. Rogers
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Upper Respiratory

scholarly journals Effects of bovine colostrum supplementation on upper respiratory illness in active males

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 194-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arwel W. Jones ◽  
Simon J.S. Cameron ◽  
Rhys Thatcher ◽  
Marikka S. Beecroft ◽  
Luis A.J. Mur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Illness ◽  
Bovine Colostrum ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Upper Respiratory Tract Infections in Young Children: Duration of and Frequency of Complications

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen R. Wald ◽  
Nancy Guerra ◽  
Carol Byers
Keyword(s):  
Child Care ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Home Care ◽  
Otitis Media ◽  
Day Care ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Tract Infections

This study was performed to determine the usual duration of community-acquired viral upper respiratory tract infections and the incidence of complications (otitis media/sinusitis) of these respiratory tract infections in infancy and early childhood. Children in various forms of child-care arrangements (home care, group care, and day care) were enrolled at birth and observed for 3 years. Families were telephoned every 2 weeks to record on a standardized form the type and severity of illnesses experienced during the previous interval. Only children remaining in their original child-care group for the entire study period were compared. The mean duration of an upper respiratory tract infection varied between 6.6 days (for 1- to 2-year-old children in home care) and 8.9 days (for children younger than 1 year in day care). The percentage of apparently simple upper respiratory tract infections that lasted more than 15 days ranged from 6.5% (for 1- to 3-year-old children in home care) to 13.1% (for 2- to 3-year-old children in day care). Children in day care were more likely than children in home care to have protracted respiratory symptoms. Of 2741 respiratory tract infections recorded for the 3-year period, 801 (29.2%) were complicated by otitis media. During the first 2 years of life, children in any type of day care were more likely than children in home care to have otitis media as a complication of upper respiratory tract infection. In year 3, the risk of otitis media was similar in all types of child care.

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