Dynamics of Nasopharyngeal Colonization With Haemophilus influenzae b During Antibiotic Therapy

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 242-245
Author(s):  
JANET R. GILSDORF
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Chronic Care ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type B ◽  
Type B ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Colonization ◽  
Serious Infections ◽  
Infants And Young Children

Haemophilus influenzae type b, a major cause of serious infections in infants and young children, may colonize the nasopharynges of healthy, asymptomatic carriers as well as patients with invasive H influenzae type b disease. Person to person spread of this organism is suspected to be by infected respiratory tract secretions. Recently, clusters of epidemiologically related cases have been recognized among young household and day-care contacts of children with H influenzae type b disease,1 demonstrating the contagious potential of H influenzae type b infections. Serious nosocomial infections with H influenzae type b have been described in pediatric patients in acute and chronic care hospitals.2-4

Moxalactam Treatment of Serious Infections Primarily Due to Haemophilus influenzae Type b in Children

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-191
Author(s):  
Sheldon L. Kaplan ◽  
Edward O. Mason ◽  
Sally J. Kvernland ◽  
Elaine M. Loiselle ◽  
Ralph D. Feigin
Keyword(s):  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type B ◽  
Type B ◽  
Cns Infections ◽  
Serious Infections ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Transient Elevation

Thirty-eight children completed therapy with moxalactam for a variety of non-CNS infections. Haemophilus influenzae type b (seven ampicillin-resistant strains) was the etiologic agent for 32 children. Doses of moxalactam ranged from 113 to 200 mg/kg/d in three or four divided doses administered parenterally. All children with infections due to H influenzae type b had excellent responses to moxalactam therapy. Children treated for infections due to other agents also responded satisfactorily to moxalactam therapy. Moxalactam concentrations in joint and pleural fluids greatly exceeded the minimal bactericidal concentrations of moxalactam for H influenzae type b. Adverse reactions included neutropenia, eosinophilia, thrombocytosis, and transient elevation of transaminase levels. Moxalactam administered parenterally, at a dose of 113 to 150 mg/kg/d in three or four divided doses is effective therapy for serious infections in children due to H influenzae type b and selected other organisms.

Persistent Colonization During Therapy for MHaemophilus influenzae Type b Disease

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 547-548
Author(s):  
LESLIE L. BARTON
Keyword(s):  
Nosocomial Infection ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type ◽  
Haemophilus Influenzae Type B ◽  
Parenteral Therapy ◽  
Type B ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Colonization ◽  
Parenteral Antibiotic ◽  
Increased Risk

To the Editor.— Dr Gilsdorf's rather reassuring recommendation to discontinue respiratory isolation for children with Haemophilus influenzae type b infections after 24 hours of parenteral therapy, "without increased risk of nosocomial infection," was based on her failure to show nasopharyngeal colonization with H influenzae type b after 24 hours of appropriate antibiotics.1 Although this is in accord with currently recommended isolation policies, a modicum of skepticism should remain. Previous studies have demonstrated the persistence of H influenzae type b in the nasopharynx and throat for up to six days after parenteral antibiotic therapy.2,3

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