Perinatal Statistics

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-302
Author(s):  
JOHN SOFATZIS ◽  
VASSO IOAKIMIDOU
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Perinatal Mortality ◽  
Weight Distribution ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Birth Weight Distribution ◽  
Good Medical Care ◽  
Over Time

To the Editor.— Evaluation of the effect of good medical care of pregnant women and newborn infants and/or the impact of birth weight distribution on crude perinatal mortality rates is based upon the use of birth weight-specific mortality rates and standardized perinatal mortality rates.1-4 We agree with the suggestion made by Hermansen and Hasan5 that all future reports on perinatal statistics should comply with the recommendations made by WHO. Moreover, meaningful comparisons of standardized perinatal mortality rates over time and place require the use of a standard birth weight distribution.

scholarly journals Perinatal mortality in twin pregnancy: An analysis of birth weight-specific mortality rates and adjusted mortality rates for birth weight distributions

1988 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernesto Fabre ◽  
Rafael González de Agüero ◽  
Jose Luis de Agustin ◽  
Maria Pilar Pérez-Hiraldo ◽  
Jose Luis Bescos
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Perinatal Mortality ◽  
Twin Pregnancy ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Weight Distributions ◽  
Specific Mortality

Monitoring perinatal mortality by birth weight specific mortality rates

1982 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Erkkola ◽  
P. Kero ◽  
A. Seppälä ◽  
M. Grönroos ◽  
L. Rauramo
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Perinatal Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Specific Mortality

scholarly journals Sex-Specific Long-Term Trends in Length of Hospital Stay, Postmenstrual Age at Discharge, and Survival in Very Low Birth Weight Infants

Neonatology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Matthias Fröhlich ◽  
Tatjana Tissen-Diabaté ◽  
Christoph Bührer ◽  
Stephanie Roll
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Very Low Birth Weight ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Vlbw Infants ◽  
Postmenstrual Age ◽  
Over Time

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> In very low birth weight (&#x3c;1,500 g, VLBW) infants, morbidity and mortality have decreased substantially during the past decades, and both are known to be lower in girls than in boys. In this study, we assessed sex-specific changes over time in length of hospital stay (LOHS) and postmenstrual age at discharge (PAD), in addition to survival in VLBW infants. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> This is a single-center retrospective cohort analysis based on quality assurance data of VLBW infants born from 1978 to 2018. Estimation of sex-specific LOHS over time was based on infants discharged home from neonatal care or deceased. Estimation of sex-specific PAD over time was based on infants discharged home exclusively. Analysis of in-hospital survival was performed for all VLBW infants. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In 4,336 of 4,499 VLBW infants admitted from 1978 to 2018 with complete data (96.4%), survival rates improved between 1978–1982 and 1993–1997 (70.8 vs. 88.3%; hazard ratio (HR) 0.20, 95% confidence interval 0.14, 0.30) and remained stable thereafter. Boys had consistently higher mortality rates than girls (15 vs. 12%, HR 1.23 [1.05, 1.45]). Nonsurviving boys died later compared to nonsurviving girls (adjusted mean survival time 23.0 [18.0, 27.9] vs. 20.7 [15.0, 26.3] days). LOHS and PAD assessed in 3,166 survivors displayed a continuous decrease over time (1978–1982 vs. 2013–2018: LOHS days 82.9 [79.3, 86.5] vs. 60.3 [58.4, 62.1] days); PAD 40.4 (39.9, 40.9) vs. 37.4 [37.1, 37.6] weeks). Girls had shorter LOHS than boys (69.4 [68.0, 70.8] vs. 73.0 [71.6, 74.4] days) and were discharged with lower PAD (38.6 [38.4, 38.8] vs. 39.2 [39.0, 39.4] weeks). <b><i>Discussion/Conclusions:</i></b> LOHS and PAD decreased over the last 40 years, while survival rates improved. Male sex was associated with longer LOHS, higher PAD, and higher mortality rates.

scholarly journals Leisure-Time Physical Activity in Pregnancy and the Birth Weight Distribution: Where Is the Effect?

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1168-1177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lanay M. Mudd ◽  
Jim Pivarnik ◽  
Claudia B. Holzman ◽  
Nigel Paneth ◽  
Karin Pfeiffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Quantile Regression ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Weight Distribution ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Large For Gestational Age ◽  
Birth Weight Distribution

Background:Leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) is recommended during pregnancy and has been associated with lower risk of delivering a large infant. We sought to characterize the effect of LTPA across the entire birth weight distribution.Methods:Women enrolled in the Pregnancy Outcomes and Community Health (POUCH) Study (1998–2004) were followed-up in 2007. Follow-up efforts were extensive for a subcohort and minimal for the remainder (nonsubcohort). Thus, 596 subcohort and 418 nonsubcohort women who delivered at term participated. Offspring were categorized as small-, appropriate-, or large-for-gestational-age (SGA, AGA, and LGA, respectively) based on gender and gestational age-specific birth weight z-scores (BWz). At follow-up, women recalled pregnancy LTPA and were classified as inactive, insufficiently active or meeting LTPA recommendations. Linear, logistic, and quantile regression analyses were conducted separately by subcohort status.Results:Meeting LTPA recommendations decreased odds of LGA significantly among the nonsubcohort (aOR = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.14–0.64) and nonsignificantly among the subcohort (aOR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.34–1.34). In quantile regression, meeting LTPA recommendations reduced BWz among the upper quantiles in the nonsubcohort.Conclusions:LTPA during pregnancy lowered odds of LGA and reduced BWz among the upper quantiles, without shifting the entire distribution. LTPA during pregnancy may be useful for reducing risks of large fetal size.

Birth Weight Distribution as an Indicator of Environmental Effects on Fetal Development

1987 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Ericson ◽  
Margareta Eriksson ◽  
Bengt Källén ◽  
Olav Meirik
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Weight Distribution ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Marked Change ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Birth Registry ◽  
Low Socioeconomic ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Birth Weight Distribution

A medical birth registry was used for a geographical analysis of birth weight distribution. Nearly 900 000 Swedish singleton births, 1973–1981, were used for an analysis of the effect of some variables and for standardization for these variables. A marked change in the rate of low birth weight infants (LBW, <2 500 g) was seen in the country between 1976 and 1977. A U-formed effect of maternal age and of parity was demonstrated. A marked interaction between the effects of these two variables existed. Two social groups were compared and the well-known high rate of LBW infants associated with low socioeconomic conditions was demonstrated. Standardization for the variables mentioned influenced this effect only little but reduced the difference between the social groups concerning infants above 3.5 kg weight. The background data were used for analysis of restricted geographical areas.

MODELLING THE RISK FACTORS FOR BIRTH WEIGHT IN TWIN GESTATIONS: A QUANTILE REGRESSION APPROACH

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 744-756 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. John Michael ◽  
Belavendra Antonisamy ◽  
S. Mahasampath Gowri ◽  
Ramasami Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Quantile Regression ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Weight Distribution ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Child Growth ◽  
Birth Weight Distribution ◽  
Different Parts

SummaryBirth weight is used as a proxy for the general health condition of newborns. Low birth weight leads to adverse events and its effects on child growth are both short- and long-term. Low birth weight babies are more common in twin gestations. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of maternal and socio-demographic risk factors at various quantiles of the birth weight distribution for twin gestations using quantile regression, a robust semi-parametric technique. Birth records of multiple pregnancies from between 1991 and 2005 were identified retrospectively from the birth registry of the Christian Medical College and hospitals in Vellore, India. A total of 1304 twin pregnancies were included in the analysis. Demographic and clinical characteristics of the mothers were analysed. The mean gestational age of the twins was 36 weeks with 51% having preterm labour. As expected, the examined risk factors showed different effects at different parts of the birth weight distribution. Gestational age, chroniocity, gravida and child’s sex had significant effects in all quantiles. Interestingly, mother’s age had no significant effect at any part of the birth weight distribution, but both maternal and paternal education had huge impacts in the lower quantiles (10thand 25th), which were underestimated by the ordinary least squares (OLS) estimates. The study shows that quantile regression is a useful method for risk factor analysis and the exploration of the differential effects of covariates on an outcome, and exposes how OLS estimates underestimate and overestimate the effects of risk factors at different parts of the birth weight distribution.

scholarly journals Asthma Mortality in Canada, 1946 to 1990

1995 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert S Hogg ◽  
Martin T Schechter ◽  
Julio SG Montaner ◽  
James C Hogg
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Years Of Life Lost ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Statistics Canada ◽  
Standardized Mortality Ratios ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Asthma Mortality

OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of asthma on Canadian mortality rates over a 45-year period.DESIGN: A descriptive, population-based study.SETTING: Canada.SUBJECTS: All persons who died from asthma in Canada from 1946 to 1990 as reported to Statistics Canada in Ottawa.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Standardized mortality ratios, age-specific patterns of death, potential years of life lost (PYLL) and life expectancy lost.RESULTS: A total of 12,010 male and 8486 female asthma deaths were recorded in Canada from 1946 to 1990. Mortality rates for both sexes declined from a high of between three to six deaths in 1951 to 1955 to approximately two deaths per 100,000 in 1986 to 1990, with the decline in rates being greater for males than females. Age-specific mortality rates were highest al all ages in 1951 to 1955, except for 15 to 24 years when deaths rates for the 1981 to 1985 period were greater. PYLL exhibit the same pattern as mortality, peaking in 1951 to 1955 and subsequently declining with each period. Loss in life expectancy due to asthma was about one month (not significant) in all time periods.CONCLUSIONS: Asthma mortality rates have declined significantly over the study period. This decline appears to be linked with the convergence of sex-specific rates and with changes in the patterning or age-specific mortality. The impact of asthma on the life expectancy of Canadians is small.

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