Maternal Employment and the Quality of Young Children's Diets: Empirical Evidence Based on the 1987-1988 Nationwide Food Consumption Survey

Data from 442 children, aged 2 to 5, who were participants in the 1987-1988 Nationwide Food Consumption Survey, were examined to determine the effect of maternal employment on the quality of their diets. Diet quality was assessed by examining nutrient adequacy and nutrient overconsumption using the 3-day average of one 24-hour recall and 2 days of written diet records. To assess dietary adequacy, a mean adequacy ratio of the four nutrients (zinc, vitamin E, iron, and calcium) for which 30% or more of the children fell below 77% of the Recommended Dietary Allowances was constructed. Percent calories from fat and saturated fat, and intake of cholesterol and sodium were examined to assess overconsumption. Multiple correlation regression analysis was used to control for household income, maternal education and age, child's age, race, number of siblings aged 5 or younger, presence of male head of household, and number of meals eaten away from home. Maternal employment did not contribute significantly to the variation in any of the dietary variables. Although a number of dietary problems existed among the sample children, the variation in intakes of these nutrients was not directly related to maternal employment status.

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KESIAPAN REMAJA PUTERI DALAM MENGHADAPI 1000 HARI PERTAMA KEHIDUPAN DITINJAU DARI KUALITAS DAN KUANTITAS KONSUMSI PANGAN

GIZI INDONESIA ◽

10.36457/gizindo.v41i2.252 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

pp. 59

Author(s):

Amalia Safitri

Keyword(s):

Nutritional Status ◽

Human Resources ◽

Food Consumption ◽

Adolescent Girls ◽

Fetal Development ◽

Food Consumption Survey ◽

The Individual ◽

Optimal Quality ◽

Consumption Survey

The optimal quality of human resources is determined bythe time of fetal development starteduntil the age of two years (1000 days of the first life). The successof its development is influenced by several factors;someof them arethe quality and quantity of food, especially for adolescent girls, to reach the normalnutrition status. Girlsneed to pay more attention to their health especially totheir nutritional status before pregnancybecause thismay affect the nutritional status of baby born. The purpose of this studywasto see the readiness of adolescent girls in facing 1000 days of life by looking at the quality and quantity of their food consumption in accordance with balanced nutrition. The data were taken from the Individual Food Consumption Survey(SKMI)taken in 2014, toevaluateat the diversity, proportion and adequacy of consumption amongadolescent girls aged 10-18 years. The result shows that in terms of diversity, it was categorized as“good”(82.5 percent), but forthe proportion was 22.7 percent, andforconsumption sufficiency, indicated good was30.3 percent. When viewed from the food consumption in term of quality and quantity (combined diversity, proportion and adequacy)showed that adolescent girlswho metthe criteria were still very little (6.7 percent). This studyconcludedthat the preparedness of adolescent girls in facing 1000 days of life is still lowespecially theirfood consumption. It is paid to beattention from all partiesthatnutrition improvement during teenager andpregnancy periods is priority.

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Replacing foods high in saturated fat by low-saturated fat alternatives: a computer simulation of the potential effects on reduction of saturated fat consumption

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114508190298 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 102 (3) ◽

pp. 478-483 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Bilbo Schickenberg ◽

Patricia van Assema ◽

Johannes Brug ◽

Janneke Verkaik-Kloosterman ◽

Marga C. Ocké ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Food Consumption ◽

Saturated Fat ◽

Fat Intake ◽

Fat Consumption ◽

Consumption Data ◽

Food Consumption Data ◽

Food Consumption Survey ◽

Before And After ◽

Saturated Fat Intake ◽

Consumption Survey

This simulation study aimed to assess the change in saturated fat intake achieved by replacing one to three of the products contributing most to individual saturated fat intake by alternative products low in saturated fat. Food consumption data of 750 participants (aged 19–30 years) from a recent Dutch food consumption survey were used. For each participant, the three products (from different product groups) that contributed most to their saturated fat intake were ranked in order of diminishing contribution. These products were sequentially replaced by lower saturated fat alternatives that were available in Dutch supermarkets. Mean percentage energy (en%) from saturated fat and energy intake in kJ per d were calculated before and after each of the three replacements. Dutch cheese, meat (for dinner) and milk were the main contributors to saturated fat intake for most participants. Starting at a mean en% from saturated fat of 12·4, the three replacements together resulted in a mean reduction of 4·9 en% from saturated fat. The percentage of participants meeting the recommendation for saturated fat ( < 10 en%) increased from 23·3 % to 86·0 %. We conclude that the replacement of relatively few important high-saturated fat products by available lower-saturated fat alternatives can significantly reduce saturated fat intake and increase the proportion of individuals complying with recommended intake levels.

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