On different types, conditions, and factors of landslide risks in the city of Dnipro

The paper represents the research results as for the factors of such dangerous geological phenomenon as landslides in terms of geological medium of the city of Dnipro. It is emphasized that there are certain geological, geomorphological, and hydrogeological conditions favouring the development of a medium for landslide formation. Irrespective of long-term study of that phenomenon, spatiotemporal prognosis is a complex scientific problem requiring application of innovative ideas and scientific statements concerning both separate components of a geological medium and rather complex natural and technogenic system. The paper analyzes conditions of the development of deep landslides within the territory of the city of Dnipro connected with a geological structure in a scope going beyond traditional scope of engineering and geological studies. Despite wide occurrence of landslide developments within the territory of the region, landslide of the Dnipro region are not singled out as a separate regional type. According to different estimations, general number of landslides is more than 144 within the city of Dnipro. The studies are based on numerous calculations of slope stability indicating the importance of the occurrence of Pre-Quaternary deposits as the factor favour- ing deep landslide formations. Basing upon the processing of the geological studies, cartographic modeling of the surfaces of certain levels, their thickness, and analysis of landslides grouping within the areas of singled-out territories have been performed. Maps of the surfaces of reddish-brown (N2-Q1) and grey-green (N1-S2) clays as well as deposits of Obukhivska (P2ob) and Mezhyhirska (P3 mž) suites, representing together the rock thickness corresponding to Kharkiv Stage (P2-3hr), have been developed. It has been proved that occurrence mode of clays at the base of loessial soils creates certain conditions for the development of landslides being different in their mechanisms (i.e. cutting, slipping, and squeezing). An example of certain calculations of slope stability is given confirming the important role of argillaceous rocks in the formation of the zone of changed soil condition and property. It has been proved that occur- rence mode of the rocks occurring lower than the depth of water erosion development should be studied thoroughly while designing landslide protection structures to obtain accurate model of the geological medium.

Download Full-text

The impact of environmental conditions on water salinity in the area of the city of Inowrocław (north-central Poland)

Bulletin of Geography Physical Geography Series ◽

10.1515/bgeo-2017-0009 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 5-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Piotr Hulisz ◽

Arkadiusz Krawiec ◽

Sylwia Pindral ◽

Łukasz Mendyk ◽

Kamila Pawlikowska

Keyword(s):

Surface Water ◽

Groundwater Resources ◽

Geological Structure ◽

Anthropogenic Factors ◽

Limit Values ◽

Surface Water And Groundwater ◽

Zechstein Salt ◽

The Impact ◽

The City

AbstractThe article presents the influence of natural and anthropogenic factors on the chemical and physical properties of surface water and groundwater in the area of the city of Inowrocław. It has been shown that the properties of the waters were most strongly affected by the specific geological structure (the city is located within the Zechstein salt dome) as well as the long-term influence of a salt mine and soda plant. The composition of most analysed samples was dominated by Ca2+, Na+and Cl−ions. In places of heavy industrial activity, some water parameters were several time higher than permissible limit values according to Polish standards. It is concluded that, due to the threat to the city’s drinking groundwater resources and fertile soils, the surface water and groundwater in the area in question require permanent monitoring.

Download Full-text

Riverfront as a re-territorialising arena of urban governance: Territorialisation and folding of the Xindian River in Taipei metropolis

Urban Studies ◽

10.1177/0042098020911875 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 004209802091187

Author(s):

Chih-Hung Wang ◽

Yu-Ting Kao ◽

Jo-Tzu Huang

Keyword(s):

Flood Control ◽

Urban Governance ◽

Green Space ◽

Waste Treatment ◽

Term Study ◽

Everyday Activities ◽

Long Term Study ◽

The City

This paper foregrounds the riverfront as a re-territorialising arena of urban governance. Through a long-term study of the Xindian River in Taipei metropolis, Taiwan, we illustrate how the riverfront can be the key locus where the expansion of the urban frontier is manifested through and intertwines with the transformation of nature. While first interwoven with everyday activities of subsistence, Xindian River was gradually turned into the periphery of the city and then green space for recreation, a process actualised through infrastructure aimed at flood control and waste treatment as well as other informal activities that challenge such measures. We propose that ‘territorialisation’ and ‘folding’ are notions that can grasp asymmetrical relations embedded in the physical landscape. We argue that a riverfront landscape composed by territorialisation and heterogeneous folding reveals that the emergence of a negotiable state–society relationship is pivotal in the production of the urban riverfront of Taipei.

Download Full-text

Evolution of Brightness and Color of the Night Sky in Madrid

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs13081511 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 1511

Author(s):

José Robles ◽

Jaime Zamorano ◽

Sergio Pascual ◽

Alejandro Sánchez de Miguel ◽

Jesús Gallego ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Light Emitting Diode ◽

Data Filtering ◽

Term Study ◽

Light Emitting ◽

Long Term Study ◽

The World ◽

Sky Brightness ◽

The City ◽

Sizable Fraction

Major schemes to replace other streetlight technologies with Light-Emitting Diode (LED) lamps are being undertaken across much of the world. This is predicted to have important consequences for nighttime sky brightness and color. Here, we report the results of a long-term study of these characteristics focused on the skies above Madrid. The sky brightness and color monitoring station at Universidad Complutense de Madrid (inside the city) collected Johnson B, V, and R sky brightness data, Sky Quality Meter (SQM), and Telescope Encoder Sky Sensor-WiFi (TESS-W) broadband photometry throughout the night, every night between 2010–2020. Our analysis includes a data filtering process that can be used with other similar sky brightness monitoring data. Major changes in sky brightness and color took place during 2015–2016, when a sizable fraction of the streetlamps in Madrid changed from High-Pressure Sodium (HPS) to LEDs. The sky brightness detected in the Johnson B band darkened by 14% from 2011 to 2015 and brightened by 32% from 2015 to 2019.

Download Full-text

On the vertical growth of continents in deep depressions of the Earth’s peridotite mantle

LITOSFERA ◽

10.24930/1681-9004-2020-20-5-727-745 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (5) ◽

pp. 727-745

Author(s):

A. M. Zhirnov

Keyword(s):

Sedimentary Basins ◽

Geological Structure ◽

Published Data ◽

Term Study ◽

Long Term Study ◽

Large Size ◽

The Earth ◽

Peridotite Mantle ◽

Archean Basement

Research subject. The geological structure and evolution of the Earth’s continents.Methods. This article is based on a long-term study and review of geological, geophysical and bathymetric published data, as well as on an analysis of the major geological discoveries of the 20th century.Results and conclusions. It is established that all the continents on the Earth, except for Antarctica, constitute a single Northen megamaterik, which was being formed during a prolonged period of time (4.4 billion years) in a deep three-beam cavity on the surface of the peridotite mantle. The ancient Hadean– Archean basement of the megacontinent was being formed during the period of 3 billion years, which comprises about 70% of the Earth’s geological history. In the Late Proterozoic and Phanerozoic, periodically formed local depressions were flooded with sedimentary material leading to the formation of sedimentary basins and folded rock structures. As a result, the thickness of the megacontinent’s crust steadily increased reaching a large size of 15–40 or 60–70 km. During this period, the primary oceanic (peridotite) crust with a thickness of 3–5 km remained unchanged until the Mesozoic–Cenozoic, when it was covered with a layer of younger basalts and loose rock sediments with a thickness of 1–2 km.

Download Full-text