scholarly journals Види рослин і лишайників Кий-острова в Гербарії Національного лісотехнічного університету України (LWFU)

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
Tetyana Prykladivska
Keyword(s):  
Betula Nana ◽  
Chamaedaphne Calyculata ◽  
Ledum Palustre ◽  
Nardus Stricta ◽  
Rubus Chamaemorus ◽  
Cladonia Rangiferina

Кий-острів, що розташований в Онезькій затоці Білого моря (географічні координати 64°00′ п. ш., 37°53′ с. д.) – це виступ гранітної плити, яка залягає на незначній глибині і виходить на поверхню моря у вигляді скель. Геоморфологічні та кліматичні особливості острова, близькість до Північного полярного кола та Арктичної області, зумовили формування на ньому своєрідних природних комплексів, де переважають соснові ліси. Виконані в липні 1984 р. серії описів лісових біоценозів острова дали змогу встановити як основні типи цих лісів (сосняк лишайниковый скальный, сосняк лишайниковый каменистый, сосняк лишайниковый багульниково-вересковый на вершинах сельг [Kucherov, Zverev, 2012; Rupestrian landscapes…, 2008; Rysin, 1975]), так і відповідні їм типи асоціацій (Pinetum cladinosum petraeum, Myrtillus-Calluna-Cladina-Typ, Pinetum uliginosi-vaccinioso-ledosum). Наведений перелік домінантних видів рослин і лишайників нижніх ярусів лісових біоценозів демонструє наявність у їх складі характерних представників бореальної та гіпоарктичної флори. Найбільша частина з них – це класичні бореальні види: Andromeda polifolia L., Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Spreng., Chamaedaphne calyculata (L.) Moench, Ledum palustre L., Linnaea borealis L., Nardus stricta L. та інші. На другій позиції знаходяться гіпоарктичні види, серед яких Betula nana L., Rubus arcticus L., Rubus chamaemorus L., Cornus suecica L. На поверхнях скель високу частку складають представники відділу Lichenomycota – характерні елементи північних та південних лишайникових тундр, а саме: Cladonia stellaris (Opiz) Pouzar & Vězda, Cladonia sylvatica (L.) Hoffm., Cladonia rangiferina (L.) Weber ex F.H.Wigg., Cetraria islandica (L.) Ach., Peltigera aphthosa (L.) Willd. Зібраний гербарний матеріал (45 зразків 16-ти таксонів) достатньою мірою відображає найбільш характерні риси біоти скельних сосняків Кий-острова та являє собою єдину колекцію видів з північної тайги європейської частини Росії в Гербарії Національного лісотехнічного університету України, який офіційно зареєстрований в міжнародних базах даних під акронімом LWFU.

scholarly journals Biogeographic relationships between fungi and selected glacial relict plants

2014 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. 1-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Chlebicki
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Peat Bogs ◽  
Betula Nana ◽  
Chamaedaphne Calyculata ◽  
Empetrum Hermaphroditum ◽  
Rubus Chamaemorus ◽  
Dryas Octopetala ◽  
Glacial Relict

The paper discusses fungi of 24 glacial relict plants: <em>Arenaria ciliata</em> L. subsp. <em>ciliata, Betula nana</em> L., <em>B. pubescens</em> Ehrh. subsp. carpatica (Willd.) Asch. &amp; Graebn., <em>B. pubescens</em> subsp. <em>czerepanovii</em> (N.I. Orlova) Hämet-Ahti, <em>C. magellanica</em> Lam. subsp. <em>irrigua</em> (Wahlenb.) Hiitonen, <em>Carex rupestris</em> All., <em>Cerastium alpinum</em> L., <em>C. cerastoides</em> (L.) Britton, <em>C. eriophorum</em> Kit. in Schult., <em>Chamaedaphne calyculata</em> (L.) Moench, <em>Dryas drummondii</em> Richards, <em>D. grandis</em> Juz., <em>D. integrifolia</em> Vahl., <em>D. octopetala</em> L. s.l., <em>Empetrum hermaphroditum</em> Hagerup, <em>E. nigrum</em> L., <em>Juncus trifidus</em> L., <em>Loiseleuria procumbens</em> (L.) Desv., <em>Pedicularis sudetica</em> Willd., <em>Rubus chamaemorus</em> L., <em>Salix herbacea</em> L., <em>S. lapponum</em> L., <em>S. reticulata</em> L., and <em>Saxifraga nivalis</em> L., The work is attempt at application of some fungi (<em>Ascomycota, Chytridiales, Ustilaginales, Uredinales</em>, mitosporic fungi) as guides in vascular plant phytogeography and explanation of the origin of selected glacial relict plants. Parasites and exclusive (specialized) for particular host plant species are the most important fungi for biogeographic analysis. A fungal markers method (FMM) was used. The fungi and host plants for the present study were collected in the mountains and peat bogs of Poland, the Czech Republic, Lithuania, Slovakia, Sweden, Russia and Ukraine. Also materials from Austria, Canada, France, Greenland, Korea, Spitsbergen, Switzerland and U.S.A. were examined. A total of 254 taxa of fungi were collected from 1329 localities investigated. Exclusive species of fungi for all examined host plants have been distinguished. Only <em>Dryas octopetala</em> s.l., <em>D. integrifolia, Empetrum nigrum, E. hermaphroditum, Chamaedaphne calyculata</em> and <em>Rubus chamaemorus</em> possess a number of exclusive species sufficient for analysis. In some cases it was possible to define the direction of migration of the host plants (<em>Betula nana, Juncus trifidus, Dryas octopetala</em> s.l.) on the basis of mycological data. For dryads the extremely High Arctic track is more important than the Middle Arctic or Low Arctic ones. The waves of migrants moved from the East via Spitsbergen to-wards Greenland. <em>Dryas octopetala</em> seems to have reached the Carpathians from the West. Relative age of some fungi has been estimated. Wide circumpolar and alpine distribution points out that <em>Isothea rhytismoides</em> (Bab. ex Berk.) Fr. is one of the oldest dryadicolous fungi. The limited ranges of <em>Sphaerotheca volkartii</em> Blumer, <em>Synchytrium cupulatum</em> Thomas, <em>Hypoderma dryadis</em> Nannf.: L. Holm, and <em>Epipolaeum absconditum</em> (Johanson) L. Holm indicate a relatively young age of these species. A four new taxa i.e. <em>Lachnum uralense, Leptosphaentlina sibirica, Melanomma margaretae</em> and <em>Tiarospora pirozynskii</em> are described and illustrated. 27 species arę for the first time reported from Poland.

Demographic variation of dwarf birch (Betula nana) in communities dominated by Ledum palustre and Vaccinium uliginosum

Biologia ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wojciech Ejankowski
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Sexual Reproduction ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Light Limitation ◽  
Permanent Plots ◽  
Peat Bogs ◽  
Betula Nana ◽  
Vaccinium Uliginosum ◽  
Ledum Palustre ◽  
Dwarf Birch

AbstractThe structure and demographic processes were compared in shrub communities to test the effects of vegetation succession on population growth, fecundity and abundance of the dwarf birch (Betula nana L.), which is a rare and endangered plant species in Poland and a glacial relict in Central Europe. The effects of Ledum palustre L. and Vaccinium uliginosum L. were studied in the Linje nature reserve in Chełmińskie Lake District (northern Poland), in three permanent plots on a peat bog. Vegetative growth and reproduction of B. nana were lower in plant communities dominated by L. palustre and V. uliginosum, than in a reference site. Fecundity was also lower, despite the fact that the percentage share of potentially fertile age groups was similar in all study sites. Mortality of ramets was independent of vegetation, both for juvenile and mature stages. The results confirm that B. nana is intolerant of shade, and it is more abundant in vegetation without competitors. Light limitation can lead to its decline, primarily by a decrease in vegetative growth. Sexual reproduction may be negatively affected by shade, but it plays only small role in population growth. Butterfly larvae can destroy inflorescences, and thus contribute to low effectiveness of sexual reproduction. Increasing density of shrubs and trees in peat bogs can reduce the abundance of dwarf birch, and can lead to the extinction of its local populations.

Några växtgeografiska region-gränser. Betula Nana, Erica Tetralix och Ledum Palustre i Sverige

1925 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Granlund
Keyword(s):  
Betula Nana ◽  
Ledum Palustre ◽  
Erica Tetralix

Succession and biomass allocation as controlled by Sphagnum in an Alaskan peatland

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 1500-1507 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. O. Luken ◽  
W. D. Billings ◽  
K. M. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Net Primary Production ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Adventitious Shoot ◽  
Leaf Biomass ◽  
Stem Density ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
Ledum Palustre ◽  
Rubus Chamaemorus ◽  
Shoot Production ◽  
Leaf Turnover

The vascular plant vegetation on active Sphagnum hummocks, on senescent hummocks, and in hollows of an Alaskan peatland was measured in several ways. Aboveground biomass and net primary production were greatest on senescent hummocks. Growth of hummock-forming Sphagnum mosses caused a significant increase in stem density and adventitious shoot production of Ledum palustre and Andromeda polifolia, while Vaccinium vitis-idaea showed a decrease in stem density; Rubus chamaemorus was unaffected. Overgrowth of vascular plants by Sphagnum resulted in significantly higher leaf/stem ratios in most of the shrub species. In addition, leaf turnover rates of the evergreen shrubs were modified. The growth of Sphagnum hummocks leads to a developmental stage in the vascular vegetation in which a large amount of structural biomass is present relative to leaf biomass. The rate of microsuccessional change in hummock–hollow complexes appears to be relatively high, at least in comparison to those macrosuccessional processes associated with permafrost formation and melting.

The dynamic of live ground vegetation in different pine plantations of drained, passed by felling

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
А.П. Смирнов ◽  
В.Ч. Ву ◽  
А.Ф. Потокин ◽  
А.А. Смирнов
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Projective Cover ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Ground Vegetation ◽  
Eriophorum Vaginatum ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Sphagnum Mosses ◽  
Chamaedaphne Calyculata ◽  
Ledum Palustre

Эксперименты с рубками в условиях осушаемых сосняков имели целью исследовать восстановительные реакции на разреживание древостоя со стороны всего фитоценоза, включая и живой напочвенный покров. Опытные рубки проводились через 17 лет после лесомелиоративных работ на интенсивно осушаемых участках верхового болота, с максимальным расстоянием между каналами 65 м. Для учёта изменения видового состава растений живого напочвенного покрова и их проективного покрытия в ответ на разреживание древостоя, закладывались учётные площадки размером 1´1 м равномерно по участку в количестве не менее 20 площадок на каждой пробной площади. Общее проективное покрытие травяно-кустарничкового яруса в первые 15 лет на изреженных участках по сравнению с контрольными возросло в 1,5-2 раза, причём в основном за счёт трёх видов - Ledum palustre, Chamaedaphne calyculata и Eriophorum vaginatum. Это свидетельствует об активизации их ресурсосберегающей функции. Через 30 лет после проведения разреживаний на всех вариантах опыта наблюдалось снижение обилия растений травяно-кустарничкового яруса. В первые 15 лет после рубки на большинстве разреженных участков происходила экспансия сфагновых мхов (Sphаgnum angustifolium, S. magellanicum, S. fuscum). Их проективное покрытие было выше в 1,5-3,7 раза по сравнению с соответствующим контролем. Одновременно произошло снижение проективного покрытия зелёных мхов (Dicranum polysetum, Dicranum scoparium, Pleurozium schreberii). Лишайники практически отсутствовали. Через 30 лет после рубок установлено снижение присутствия растений мохово-лишайникового яруса на всех вариантах опыта. Уменьшение проективного покрытия обоих ярусов можно объяснить увеличением полноты и сомкнутости крон древостоев, усилением их роста, в том числе за счёт потепления климата в последние десятилетия. Разреживание древостоев на осушаемом верховом торфянике практически не увеличило разнообразие видового состава живого напочвенного покрова за 30 лет, прошедших после рубок, даже на предельно интенсивно осушаемых участках (расстояние между каналами 20-45 м). Несмотря на длительную экспансию сфагновых мхов на разреженных участках, функцию стабилизации, а затем усиления биологического круговорота активно поддерживали омоложенный древостой, остающийся эдификатором лесного биогеоценоза, подрост сосны и берёзы. Ресурсосберегающую функцию в первые десятилетия после рубок выполняли болотные кустарнички и пушица. Зеленые мхи активно вытеснялись сфагновыми, но с течением времени восстанавливали свои позиции. Древостой приобрёл новые качества в соответствии с целью проведения комплексной рубки: он имеет лучшую возрастную и товарную структуру. Experimenting with logging in conditions of drained pine were aimed on investigation of the regenerative response on stand thinning from whole phytocenosis, including live ground cover. Experimental thinning was conducted through the 17 years after forest melioration works on intensively drained areas of peat bogs with maximum distance between ditches 65 m. To account changes in the species composition of plants live ground vegetation and their projective cover in response to thinning of forest stand accounting plots with size of 1´1 m were distributed evenly of the area for at least 20 accounting plots for each experimental plot. General projective cover of herbs and shrubs layer during the first 15 years at the thinned plots in comparison with control plots increased in 1.5-2 times, mostly at the expense of three species Ledum palustre, Chamaedaphne calyculata, Eriophorum vaginatum. This is indicate on the intensifying of their resource-saving function. After 30 years from thinning on all experimental plots the decreasing of plants abundance of herbs-shrubs layer was obserwed. In the first 15 years after thinning on the most thinned plots there was expansion of Sphagnum mosses (Sphagnum angustifolium, S. magellanicum, S. fuscum). Their projective cover was higher in 1.5-3.7 times comparatively with corresponded control. At the same time there was a decrease of the projective cover of green mosses (Dicranum polysetum, D. scoparium, Pleurocium schreberi). Lichens are almost were not present. Over 30 years after thinning the decrease of the presence of plants in mosses-lichens layer was established for all variants of experiment. Reduction of the projective cover for both layers can be explained by the increase of stand density and crown density, increasing their growth, including reason of climate warming in last decades. Thinning of stands on the drained oligotrophic peatbog practicaly not increased the diversity of species composition of ground vegetation cover for 30 years after thinning, even on extremely intensively drained areas (with distance between ditches 20-45 m). Despite a long expansion of Sphagnum mosses on the thinned plots, a feature of stabilization, and then enhance of biological cycle, actively supported by rejuvinated stand, remaining as edificatory of forest biogeocenosis, as well as undergrowth of pine and birch. Resource-saving function in the first decades after thinning bushes and Eriophorum vaginatum at the peat bog were fulfiled. Green mosses actively pushed away by Sphagnum mosses, but over time their position was restored. Stand aquired new qualities in accordance with the objective of an complex cutting: it has better age and sortment structure. Keywords: pine plantations on drained bogs, complete logs, live ground cover.

Ultrastructural Changes in the Root Meristem Cells of Rubus Chamaemorus L. (Cloudberry)

1975 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 562-563
Author(s):  
Arya K. Bal
Keyword(s):  
Root Meristem ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Particulate Material ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Cell Organelles ◽  
Cytoplasmic Matrix ◽  
Golgi Membranes ◽  
Rubus Chamaemorus ◽  
Dense Substance ◽  
Ultrathin Sections

In the course of studies in the root meristem tissue of Rubus chamaemorus L. some important changes in the ultrastructural morphology were observed during the initiation of senescence at the end of the growing season.Root meristems were collected from naturally growing healthy populations of Cloudberry plants, and fixed in Karnovsky's mixture or in 2.5% glutaraldehyde in phosphate buffer. The samples were osmicated, dehydrated following usual methods and embedded in Epon. Ultrathin sections were stained in uranyl acetate and lead citrate.Figure 1 shows part of a dense cell in the meristem. The electron density of these cells is due to large amounts of a particulate material in the cytoplasmic matrix. The smallest particle seen in electron micrographs is about 40 A, although larger aggregates are also found, which remain randomly distributed in association with various cell organelles. Dense substance has been found associated with golgi membranes, proplastids, vacuoles and microtubules (Fig. 2).

МОРФО-ФИЗИОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ АССИМИЛЯЦИОННОГО АППАРАТА ЛИСТЬЕВ RUBUS CHAMAEMORUS (ROSACEAE) НА ЗАПАДНОМ ШПИЦБЕРГЕНЕ

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 1740-1752
Author(s):  
Е. Ф. Марковская ◽  
Н. Ю. Шмакова ◽  
К. В. Морозова ◽  
О. В. Ермолаева
Keyword(s):  
Rubus Chamaemorus

Long-term residual effect of short-term fertilizer application on Ca, N and P concentrations in grasses Nardus stricta L. and Avenella flexuosa L.

2009 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaela Klaudisová ◽  
Michal Hejcman ◽  
Vilém Pavlů
Keyword(s):  
Residual Effect ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Nardus Stricta ◽  
Avenella Flexuosa

scholarly journals Holocene chloroplast genetic variation of shrubs ( Alnus alnobetula , Betula nana , Salix sp.) at the siberian tundra‐taiga ecotone inferred from modern chloroplast genome assembly and sedimentary ancient DNA analyses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Meucci ◽  
Luise Schulte ◽  
Heike H. Zimmermann ◽  
Kathleen R. Stoof‐Leichsenring ◽  
Laura Epp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Chloroplast Genome ◽  
Ancient Dna ◽  
Genome Assembly ◽  
Betula Nana ◽  
Dna Analyses

scholarly journals Natural Antimicrobials from Cloudberry (Rubus chamaemorus) Seeds by Sanding and Hydrothermal Extraction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riitta Puupponen-Pimiä ◽  
Liisa Nohynek ◽  
Jussi Suvanto ◽  
Juha-Pekka Salminen ◽  
Tuulikki Seppänen-Laakso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Antimicrobials ◽  
Rubus Chamaemorus ◽  
Hydrothermal Extraction
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