scholarly journals Impact of soil use on aggregate stability and its relationship with soil organic carbon at two different altitudes in the Colombian Andes

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-273
Author(s):  
Efraín Francisco Visconti-Moreno ◽  
Ibonne Geaneth Valenzuela-Balcázar
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Tropical Climate ◽  
Mineral Particle ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Rice Soils ◽  
Organic Matter Pool ◽  
Different Altitudes

The stability of soil aggregates depends on the organic matter, and the soil use and management can affect the soil organicmatter (SOM) content. Therefore, it is necessary to know therelationship between aggregate stability and the content of SOMin different types of soil use at two different altitudes of theColombian Andes. This study examined the conditions of soilaggregate stability expressed as a distribution of the size classes of stable aggregates (SA) and of the mean weighted diameter of the stable aggregates (MWD). To correlate these characteristics with the soil organic carbon (OC), we measured the particulate organic matter pool (POC), the OC associated with the mineral organic matter pool (HOC), the total organic carbon content (TOC), and the humification rate (HR). Soils were sampled at two altitudes: 1) Humic Dystrudepts in a cold tropical climate (CC) with three plots: tropical mountain rainforest, pastures, and crops; 2) Fluvaquentic Dystrudepts in a warm tropical climate (WC) with three plots: tropical rainforest, an association of oil palm and pastures, and irrigated rice. Soils were sampled at three depths: 0-5, 5-10 and 10-20 cm. The physical properties, mineral particle size distribution, and bulk density were measured. The content of SA with size>2.36 mm was higher in the CC soil (51.48%) than in the WC soil (9.23%). The SA with size 1.18-2.36 mm was also higher in the CC soil (7.78%) than in the WC soil (0.62%). The SA with size 0.60-1.18 mm resulted indifferent. The SA with size between 0.30 and 0.60 mm were higher in the WC soil (13.95%) than in the CC soil (4.67%). The SA<0.30 mm was higher in the WC soil (72.56%) than in the CC soil (32.15%). It was observed that MWD and the SA>2.36 mm increased linearly with a higher POC, but decreased linearly with a higher HR. For the SA<0.30 mm, a linear decrease was observed at a higher POC, while it increased at a higher HR.

Sequestration of Organic Carbon Influenced by the Application of Straw Residue and Farmyard Manure in Two Different Soils

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid Mahmoodabadi ◽  
Elina Heydarpour
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
Carbon Sequestration ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Uncultivated Soil

Abstract Soil organic carbon is one of the most important soil components, which acts as a sink for atmospheric CO2. This study focuses on the effect of different methods of organic matter application on the soil organic carbon sequestration in a 4-month experiment under controlled greenhouse conditions. Three rates of straw residue and farmyard manure were added to uncultivated and cropland soils. Two treatments of straw residue and farmyard manure incorporation were used into: a soil surface layer and 0-20 cm soil depth. The result showed that the application of organic matter, especially the farmyard manure incorporation led to a significant increase in the final soil organic carbon content. Higher amounts of soil organic carbon were stored in the cropland soil than in the uncultivated soil. On average, the soil surface layer treatment caused a higher sequestration of soil organic carbon compared to the whole soil depth treatment. If higher rates of organic matter were added to the soils, lower carbon sequestration was observed and vice versa. The result indicated that the carbon sequestration ranged farmyardmanure > strawresidue and cropland soil > uncultivated soil. The findings of this research revealed the necessity of paying more attention to the role of organic residue management in carbon sequestration and prevention of increasing global warming.

scholarly journals Mineralization of soil organic nitrogen under waterlogged conditions in relation to other properties of tropical rice soils

Soil Research ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 133 ◽  
Author(s):  
KL Sahrawat
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Wetland Rice ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Rice Soils ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mineralizable Nitrogen

The mineralizable nitrogen pool in wetland rice soils plays a dominant role in the nitrogen nutrition of rice even in fertilized paddies. There is a lack of information on how different soil properties affect ammonification of organic nitrogen in wetland rice soils. Surface samples of 39 diverse Philippine soils representing a wide range of pH, organic matter and texture were studied to determine the relationships between ammonification of organic nitrogen and soil properties. Simple correlation analysis showed that ammonium production was correlated highly significantly with total nitrogen (r = 0.94**), organic carbon (r = 0.91**) and C/N ratio (r = -0.46**), but it was not significantly correlated with cation exchange capacity, clay or pH. Multiple regression analayses showed that organic matter (organic carbon and total nitrogen) accounted for most of the variation in mineralizable nitrogen. These results suggest that organic carbon content is a good index of mineralizable nitrogen in tropical wetland rice soils.

Water-stable aggregates of flooded Inceptisols from south-eastern Nigeria in relation to mineralogy and chemical properties

Soil Research ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles A. Igwe ◽  
Karl Stahr
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Age Hardening ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Soil Aggregate Stability ◽  
Water Stable Aggregates ◽  
Mean Weight Diameter ◽  
Favourable Environment

Information on the influence of chemical and mineralogical properties on soil aggregate stability of field soils subjected to waterlogging at some time of the year is essential for better management of these soils. We studied water-stable aggregates (WSA) of various sizes for clay flocculation index, soil organic carbon, total elements, and mineralogy of the soil, and related these properties to aggregate stability. Five soil profiles sited on the floodplain of the River Niger were studied. The topsoils were dominated in all profiles except near the river by WSA�>�2.00�mm. Also the mean-weight diameter (MWD) of the topsoil followed the trend in WSA > 2.00 mm. Thixotropic age hardening appeared to be responsible for the rather high values of WSA > 2.00 and MWD in the topsoil. Soil organic carbon content associated significantly better with macroaggregates than microaggregates. The aggregating effects of the polyvalent cations manifested more on the microaggregates. The stabilising role of various forms of Fe, Al, and Mn oxides is believed to be as result of their large surface area, abundance, and the favourable environment for their formation. These polyvalent metals may have formed bridges between clay and organic matter in the formation of aggregates.

scholarly journals Characteristics and Driving Mechanism of Soil Organic Carbon Content in Farmland of Beijing Plain: Implication for the Fate of Engineered Polymers in Soil

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Lanlan Zhang ◽  
Zhen Li ◽  
Shiwen Zhang ◽  
Shasha Xia ◽  
Hongguang Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Driving Mechanism ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Beijing Plain ◽  
Significant Difference

Soil organic matter (SOM), as a kind of natural polymers, affects the migration and transport of ions and particles in soil system due to its surface characteristics and interaction and then causes significant changes in soil quality such as soil fertility loss and pollutant transfer. It is of great importance to study the temporal and spatial evolution of soil organic matter and its driving mechanism for soil health management. This study aims to fully reveal the evolution characteristics and driving mechanism of soil organic carbon (SOC) in farmland of the Beijing plain based on a six-year site monitoring. According to the research results, there is a significant difference in the overall soil organic content during the 6-year period. The temporal stability of SOC is moderate, and it is inversely proportional to SOC content in terms of spatial distribution. SOC content increases as organic fertilizer input rises, and an extra unit (15 kg·ha−1) of organic fertilizer input leads to an increase of 0.057 g·kg−1 in SOC content. The soil with higher clay content exhibits higher SOC content. The organic carbon content in different soil texture types increases with time, and there is a significant difference between the increases in medium loam and light loam. The grain field plantation system exhibited declining SOC content, while the protected vegetable fields, open vegetable fields, and orchards all showed an increase in SOC content. According to our results, the SOC content of farmland in the plain areas of Beijing is largely dependent on the input of organic carbon if other conditions remain unchanged or exhibit insignificant changes.

scholarly journals Influence of soil macrofauna on soil organic carbon content

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 20-25
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Szyszko-Podgórska ◽  
Marek Kondras ◽  
Izabel Dymitryszyn ◽  
Anita Matracka ◽  
Mirosław Cimoch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Carbon Accumulation ◽  
Soil Invertebrate ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Soil Macrofauna ◽  
Decomposition Of Organic Matter

Abstract Macrofauna plays a very important role in the functioning of the natural environment. It plays an important role in the decomposition of organic matter by mixing and crushing organic matter in soil. Invertebrate faeces influence the development of microorganisms and their dead bodies stimulate mineralization in the soil. They also influence the humification processes. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of macrofauna and litter distribution and the accumulation of organic carbon in soil. The study showed a significant influence of this thick animal on the processes taking place in the soil. Significant correlations were observed between the organic carbon content in the litter and the organic carbon content in the soil, macrofauna activity with litter decomposition and its influence on the organic carbon accumulation.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF IMPACT OF LAND USE TYPES ON SOIL ORGANIC CARBON CONTENT IN SOUTH WEST, NIGERIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olorunwa Eric Omofunmi ◽  
Best Ayoyimika Omotayo
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon Content ◽  
South West ◽  
Land Use Types

The present study attempts to relate the soil organic carbon content with four different land uses (Faculty of Agriculture Teaching and Research farm, cashew plantation and Agricultural and Bioresources experimental farm and oil palm plantation) which come under South west, Nigeria. The objective of the study was to assess the effects of different land uses on soil organic carbon. The sampled soils were collected from different land uses at 0–15 cm (surface), 15 – 30 cm and 30 - 45 cm (sub-surface) depth and were analyzed for soil physical properties with standard procedures. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results indicated that the oil palm plantation land use recorded the highest mean of soil organic carbon content compared with other land use types at 0 – 15 cm soil depth (23 ±4 g kg-1), which was 1.5, 2.6 and 53.3 % more than in the Faculty of Agriculture Teaching and Research farm land, the cashew plantation land and the Agricultural and Bioresources experimental farm land. This is attributed to more inputs of litter fall and reduced decomposition of organic matter. Similarly, the lowest soil organic carbon content under Agricultural and Bioresorces engineering as compared to others was attributed to reduce of organic matter and frequent tillage which encouraged oxidation of organic matter. The finding indicated that the means of soil organic carbon were significantly different (P < 0.05) between the land use types. Conservation farming should be practiced

scholarly journals Soil organic matter dynamics under different land use in grasslands in Inner Mongolia (northern China)

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 5103-5113 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Zhao ◽  
W. Wu ◽  
X. Xu ◽  
Y. Xu
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Groundwater Supply ◽  
Aliphatic Carbon ◽  
Degraded Grassland

Abstract. We examined bulk soil properties and molecular biomarker distributions in surface soils from Inner Mongolian grasslands in order to understand the responses of soil organic matter to different land use. A total of 16 soils were collected from severely degraded grassland by overgrazing (DG), native grassland without apparent anthropogenic disturbance (NG), groundwater-sustaining grassland (GG) and restored grassland from previous potato cropland (RG). Compared to NG, soil organic carbon content was lower by 50% in DG, but higher by six-fold in GG and one-fold in RG. The δ13C values of soil organic carbon were –24.2 ± 0.6‰ in DG, –24.9 ± 0.6‰ in NG, –25.1 ± 0.1‰ in RG and –26.2 ± 0.6‰ in GG, reflecting different degradation degrees of soil organic matter or different water use efficiencies. The soils in DG contained the lowest abundance of aliphatic lipids (n-alkanes, n-alkanols, n-alkanoic acids, ω-hydroxylalkanoic acids and α-hydroxyalkanoic acids) and lignin-phenols, suggesting selective removal of these biochemically recalcitrant biomarkers with grassland degradation by microbial respiration or wind erosion. Compared to NG, the soils in GG and RG increased ω-hydroxylalkanoic acids by 60–70%, a biomarker for suberin from roots, and increased α-hydroxylalkanoic acids by 10–20%, a biomarker for both cutin and suberin. Our results demonstrate that the groundwater supply and cultivation–restoration practices in Inner Mongolian grasslands not only enhance soil organic carbon sequestration, but also change the proportions of shoot- versus root-derived carbon in soils. This finding has important implications for the global carbon cycle since root-derived aliphatic carbon has a longer residence time than the aboveground tissue-derived carbon in soils.

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