scholarly journals The Semantics of Locative Adpositions in Amharic

Aethiopica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gashaw Arutie Asaye
Keyword(s):  
Topological Relations ◽  
Semitic Language

This paper intends to describe the semantics of locative adpositions in Amharic, a Semitic language spoken in Ethiopia. The analysis is based on elicited data that were collected by using Bowerman and Pederson’s (1992) topological relations picture series. The study shows that Amharic locative adpositions can convey specific and generic topological relations between the figure and ground entities. The specific locatives show a specific type of topological relations (for instance, verticality as in tatʃtʃ, below’, ‘under’; horizontality as in fit, ‘front’; containment as in wɨst’, ‘in’) between the figure and ground entities, but not the generic locatives. Aside from which, I argue that Amharic does not fit into Ameka and Levinson’s (2007) typology of locative predicates and constitutes a type of its own because it uses two copulas and a locative verb.

Qudiyyatu Wuqu' al-Alfaz al-A'jamiyyat fi al-Qur'an al-Karim

SUHUF ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-29
Author(s):  
Ahmad Akrom Malibary
Keyword(s):  
Arabic Language ◽  
Semitic Language ◽  
Muslim Scholars

Do the non-Arabic words exist in the Qur’an? There are two opinions of the Muslim scholars regarding this matter. Some reject that there are some non-Arabic words in the Qur’an and some accept it. Each of the group has its own argument. Nevertheless, the strongest argument is that there are some non-Arabic words in the Qur’an, considering that some of those words originated from outside Arabic language but have been absorbed and been treated as the Arabic words. It is not impossible that those words come from the  Semitic language which have been absorbed by some Semitic language branches and the Arabic language is one of the Semitic branches.

scholarly journals Modeling Imprecise and Bipolar Algebraic and Topological Relations using Morphological Dilations

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Isabelle Bloch
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Fuzzy Sets ◽  
Mathematical Morphology ◽  
Complete Lattice ◽  
Spatial Reasoning ◽  
Topological Relations ◽  
Preference Modeling ◽  
Logical Sense ◽  
Bipolar Fuzzy Sets ◽  
Core Features

Abstract In many domains of information processing, such as knowledge representation, preference modeling, argumentation, multi-criteria decision analysis, spatial reasoning, both vagueness, or imprecision, and bipolarity, encompassing positive and negative parts of information, are core features of the information to be modeled and processed. This led to the development of the concept of bipolar fuzzy sets, and of associated models and tools, such as fusion and aggregation, similarity and distances, mathematical morphology. Here we propose to extend these tools by defining algebraic and topological relations between bipolar fuzzy sets, including intersection, inclusion, adjacency and RCC relations widely used in mereotopology, based on bipolar connectives (in a logical sense) and on mathematical morphology operators. These definitions are shown to have the desired properties and to be consistent with existing definitions on sets and fuzzy sets, while providing an additional bipolar feature. The proposed relations can be used for instance for preference modeling or spatial reasoning. They apply more generally to any type of functions taking values in a poset or a complete lattice, such as L-fuzzy sets.

DORIC: discovering topological relations based on spatial link composition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiongnan Jin ◽  
Sungkwang Eom ◽  
Sangjin Shin ◽  
Kyong-Ho Lee ◽  
Chaoqun Hong
Keyword(s):  
Topological Relations

scholarly journals III.—The Basalt of the Moabite Stone

1902 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 493-495
Author(s):  
T. G. Bonney
Keyword(s):  
Constant Pressure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Small Fragment ◽  
Late Professor ◽  
Semitic Language ◽  
Louvre Museum

A block of basalt, bearing an ancient inscription in a Semitic language, was discovered in 1868 at Dhiban (the Dibon of Scripture) by the Rev. F. A. Klein, of the Jerusalem Mission Society. This block, which measured 3′ 10″ × 2′ 0″ × 1′ 2·5″, proved on examination to have been erected by Mesha, King of Moab about 890 b.c., and to refer to the war mentioned in 2 Kings iii. A series of blunders on the part of those anxious to obtain this interesting relic caused a quarrel about ownership between two Arab tribes, and one of them, to spite the other, broke it in pieces. These, however, were obtained by the French Consul in Palestine, and sent to Paris, where they were fitted together so far as possible, and the repaired stone is now in the Louvre Museum. The late Professor E. H. Palmer, on a visit to Dhiban in 1870, picked up a small fragment from those still lying on the spot, which he gave to me on his return to England. The constant pressure of other work has hitherto prevented me from examining the specimen, and I have only recently had a slice prepared. The largest face of the fragment measures about 3″ × 2·5″, but the thickest part hardly exceeds half an inch. The original smoothed surface of the stone, possibly including part of a letter, may be seen on one of the sloping sides.

The Role of Emergent Bilingualism in the Development of Morphological Awareness in Arabic and Hebrew

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 797-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mila Schwartz ◽  
Haitham Taha ◽  
Hanan Assad ◽  
Ferdos Khamaisi ◽  
Zohar Eviatar
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Awareness ◽  
Home Language ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Initial Exposure ◽  
Word Structure ◽  
Arabic Speakers ◽  
Semitic Language ◽  
Target Languages ◽  
Linguistic Transfer

Purpose The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of dual language development and cross-linguistic influence on morphological awareness in young bilinguals' first language (L1) and second language (L2). We examined whether (a) the bilingual children (L1/L2 Arabic and L1/L2 Hebrew) precede their monolingual Hebrew- or Arabic-speaking peers in L1 and L2 morphological awareness, and (b) 1 Semitic language (Arabic) has cross-linguistic influence on another Semitic language (Hebrew) in morphological awareness. Method The study sample comprised 93 six-year-old children. The bilinguals had attended bilingual Hebrew−Arabic kindergartens for 1 academic year and were divided into 2 groups: home language Hebrew (L1) and home language Arabic (L1). These groups were compared to age-matched monolingual Hebrew speakers and monolingual Arabic speakers. We used nonwords similar in structure to familiar words in both target languages, representing 6 inflectional morphological categories. Results L1 Arabic and L1 Hebrew bilinguals performed significantly better than Arabic- and Hebrew-speaking monolinguals in the respective languages. Differences were not found between the bilingual groups. We found evidence of cross-linguistic transfer of morphological awareness from Arabic to Hebrew in 2 categories−bound possessives and dual number−probably because these categories are more salient in Palestinian Spoken Arabic than in Hebrew. Conclusions We conclude that children with even an initial exposure to L2 reveal acceleration of sensitivity to word structure in both of their languages. We suggest that this is due to the fact that two Semitic languages, Arabic and Hebrew, share a common core of linguistic features, together with favorable contextual factors and instructional factors.

scholarly journals The four intersection-and-difference model for line-line topological relations

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-298
Author(s):  
Min Deng ◽  
Zhilin Li ◽  
Guangqiang Li ◽  
Xuesong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Difference Model ◽  
Topological Relations

SEGMENTATION OF HANDWRITTEN CHINESE CHARACTERS FROM DESTINATION ADDRESSES OF MAIL PIECES

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (01) ◽  
pp. 85-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
YUE LU ◽  
CHEW LIM TAN ◽  
PENGFEI SHI ◽  
KEHUA ZHANG
Keyword(s):  
Hough Transform ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Chinese Characters ◽  
Topological Relations ◽  
Destination Address

In this paper, we illustrate a method to segment handwritten Chinese characters from destination addresses of mail pieces. Fast Hough transform is utilized to detect the reference lines preprinted on the mail piece. In the segmentation, subassemblies of Chinese characters are merged based on the structural features of Chinese characters and the subassemblies' topological relations, viz. upper–lower, inside–outside and left–right relations. The width of subassemblies and the spacing between neighboring subassemblies in the whole image of the destination address are analyzed to guide the merging of the left–right subassemblies. Experimental results with real mail piece images show that the proposed approach has achieved a promising performance for segmenting handwritten Chinese characters.

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