scholarly journals Efecto de intercalar leguminosas, con diferentes dosis de fósforo sobre el rendimiento de maíz, Zea mays L. en centroamérica

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
José L. Zea
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Central America ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Environmental Variability ◽  
Positive Response ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Canavalia Ensiformis

Twenty four similar trials with corn were conducted throughout Central America during 1989 and 1990. The specific objectives were: i) to evaluate the effect of intercropping legumes with corn, ii) to establish P requirements in a system of intercropping corn with legumes, iii) to evaluate soil coverage by the legume as an indicator of a potential for erosion reduction and iv) evaluate weéd control in the intercropped system. The following legumes were tested: Stizolobium deeringianum Bort (mucuna), Vigna unguiculata L. and Canavalia ensiformis L. each one with P doses of 20 and 40 kg/ha. In general, the results obtained in 1989 were similar to those of 1990. The average corn yield for the different locations varied between 1.8 and 6.0 t/ha in 1989 and 1.0 and 5.6 t/ha in 1990, indicating the great environmental variability of the corn zones of Central America. The corn yield was always lower with legumes than without them, at the same rate of P to both years, C. ensiformis reduced the corn yield by 0.310 (±0.32) t/ha, V. unguiculata by 0.540 (±0.48) t/ha and S. deeringianum by 0.610 (±0.69) t/ha. The response to P was variable and depended on the year, the location and the legume. A positive response to P applied to corn without the legume was observed in both years. The was a positive response to P in corn intercropped with.§, deeringianumin 1982 in corn intercropped and with C. ensiformis in 1990. The legume evaluation as a mulch (average of 8 trials) indicate that at 30 days after the corn planting, V. unguiculata gave the best coverage with 62%, followed by C. ensiformis, with 38% and S. deeringianum with 35%.

scholarly journals Efecto residual de intercalar leguminosas sobre el rendimiento de maíz (Zea mays L.) en nueve localidades de Centro América

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
José Luis Zea
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Central America ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Canavalia Ensiformis

Nine trials were conducted, in like number of localities in Central America in 1990 and 1991, to evaluate the effect of legume intercropping on corn yield. The first cycle was evaluated in 1989 and 1990, when trhree legumes were planted with doses of 20 and 40 kg of P /ha each, The legumes stubble was left on their respective plots at the end of the first cycle and in following year, corn was planted on the same plots as the preeeding eycle, keeping them well identified. No fertilizer was applied to any treatment in this residual cycle. The results show that the legumes increased the corn yield in the residual cycle, although only Canavalia ensiformis showed to have a net positive effeet after the two cycles. This net effect is of 203 ± 314 kg/ha as an average of the nine localities.

Adjuvant comparison for postemergence weed control in corn

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Soltani ◽  
C. Shropshire ◽  
P H Sikkema
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Ionic Surfactants ◽  
Ionic Surfactant ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Green Foxtail ◽  
Herbicide Treatments

Six field trials were conducted over a 2-yr period (2004 and 2005) at Exeter and Ridgetown, ON, Canada, to evaluate the effect of postemergence application of rimsulfuron plus dicamba plus S-metolachlor/benoxacor, nicosulfuron/rimsulfuron plus dicamba/diflufenzopyr and nicosulfuron plus dicamba/diflufenzopyr with and without Agral 90® or Liberate® non-ionic surfactants on weed control and yield of corn. There was no difference between Agral 90® and Liberate® adjuvant in respect to control of velvetleaf, common ragweed, common lambsquarters and green foxtail. All herbicide treatments provided significantly higher yield than the untreated control. There was also no difference between Agral 90® and Liberate® in respect to corn yield when added to rimsulfuron plus dicamba plus S-metolachlor/benoxacor, nicosulfuron/rimsulfuron plus dicamba/diflufenzopyr and nicosulfuron plus dicamba/diflufenzopyr. Based on these results, Liberate® can be used as an alternative non-ionic surfactant for Agral 90® with the herbicides evaluated.Key words: Agral 90®, benoxacor, dicamba, diflufenzopyr, Liberate®, nicosulfuron, rimsulfuron, S-metolachlor, Zea mays L.

Influence of Application Method on the Activity of Butylate and EPTC in Reduced-Tillage Corn (Zea mays)

Weed Science ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 412-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas D. Buhler
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Growth Chamber ◽  
Reduced Tillage ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Liquid Fertilizer ◽  
Application Method ◽  
Control Growth ◽  
Application Methods

Weed control in reduced-tillage corn (Zea maysL. ‘Pioneer 3732′) with butylate [S-ethyl bis(2-methylpropyl) carbamothioate] and EPTC (S-ethyl dipropyl carbarnothioate) was not reduced when these herbicides were applied jointly with dry or liquid fertilizer. In most cases, application with fertilizer resulted in weed control similar to that observed when the herbicide was applied in water at 285 L/ha. Butylate applied as a granular formulation also gave weed control similar to the spray at 285 L/ha. Application in 95 L/ha of water consistently resulted in reduced weed control. Corn injury was not greatly influenced by application method, and differences in corn yield appeared to be due to differences in weed control. Growth chamber bioassays indicated that both butylate and EPTC dissipated more rapidly when applied in 95 L/ha of water than the other application methods, which may explain differences in weed control observed in the field.

HERBICIDES FOR FORAGE CORN NO-TILL SEEDED INTO CEREAL STUBBLE

1983 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 235-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. IVANY ◽  
J. R. ENMAN
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Taraxacum Officinale ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
No Till ◽  
Herbicide Treatment ◽  
Forage Yields

Forage corn (Zea mays L.) was grown successfully in Prince Edward Island by no-till planting the corn into standing cereal stubble 15–20 cm tall using a Buffalo no-till seeder. Planting with the slot-type shoe in a preliminary experiment in 1978 gave better forage yields than planting with a slice-type shoe mainly because of better plant population achieved. Subsequent experiments in 1979–1981 using the slot-type shoe to no-till plant corn in cereal stubble gave good forage yields when adequate weed control was provided with herbicide treatment. Best control of quackgrass (Agropyron repens L. Beauv.) and dandelion (Taraxacum officinale Weber) and crop yields was achieved with glyphosate + atrazine (1.5 + 2.5 kg a.i./ha) or amitrole + atrazine (3.4 + 2.5 kg a.i./ha) applied preemergence after seeding corn and before corn emergence. Control of quack grass and dandelion with glyphosate or amitrole used alone ranged from 71–80%, but paraquat alone did not provide any weed control. Addition of atrazine to paraquat, glyphosate, or amitrole gave improved control of quackgrass and dandelion and higher forage corn yields. Addition of 2.5 kg a.i./ha atrazine gave better results than use of 1.0 kg a.i./ha of atrazine.Key words: Forage corn, no-till seeding, glyphosate, atrazine, aminotriazole, paraquat

Application Timing for Weed Control in Corn (Zea mays) with Dicamba Tank Mixtures

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 602-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Spandl ◽  
Thomas L. Rabaey ◽  
James J. Kells ◽  
R. Gordon Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Giant Foxtail ◽  
Corn Grain ◽  
Corn Grain Yield

Optimal application timing for dicamba–acetamide tank mixes was examined in field studies conducted in Michigan and Wisconsin from 1993 to 1995. Dicamba was tank mixed with alachlor, metolachlor, or SAN 582H and applied at planting, 7 d after planting, and 14 d after planting. Additional dicamba plus alachlor tank mixes applied at all three timings were followed by nicosulfuron postemergence to determine the effects of noncontrolled grass weeds on corn yield. Delaying application of dicamba–acetamide tank mixes until 14 d after planting often resulted in lower and less consistent giant foxtail control compared with applications at planting or 7 d after planting. Corn grain yield was reduced at one site where giant foxtail control was lower when application was delayed until 14 d after planting. Common lambsquarters control was excellent with 7 or 14 d after planting applications. At one site, common lambsquarters control and corn yield was reduced by application at planting. Dicamba–alachlor tank mixes applied 7 d after planting provided similar weed control or corn yield, while at planting and 14 d after planting applications provided less consistent weed control or corn yield than a sequential alachlor plus dicamba treatment or an atrazine-based program.

Response of Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) and Imidazolinone-Resistant Corn (Zea mays) to AC 263,222

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 484-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Wilcut ◽  
John S. Richburg ◽  
F. Robert Walls
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Sorghum Halepense ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Redroot Pigweed ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Ac 263,222 ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Field studies were conducted in 1992 and 1993 to evaluate AC 263,222 applied postemergence (POST) alone and as a mixture with atrazine or bentazon for weed control in imidazolinone-resistant corn. Nicosulfuron alone and nicosulfuron plus atrazine were also evaluated. Herbicide treatments were applied following surface-banded applications of two insecticides, carbofuran or terbufos at planting. Crop sensitivity to POST herbicides, corn yield, and weed control was not affected by insecticide treatments. AC 263,222 at 36 and 72 g ai/ha controlled rhizomatous johnsongrass 88 and 99%, respectively, which was equivalent to nicosulfuron applied alone or with atrazine. AC 263,222 at 72 g/ha controlled large crabgrass 99% and redroot pigweed 100%, and this level of control exceeded that obtained with nicosulfuron alone. AC 263,222 at 72 g/ha controlled sicklepod and morningglory species 99 and 98%, respectively. Nicosulfuron alone or with atrazine controlled these two species less than AC 263,222 at 72 g/ha. Addition of bentazon or atrazine to AC 263,222 did not improve control of any species compared with the higher rate of AC 263,222 at 72 g/ha applied alone. Corn yield increased over the untreated control when POST herbicide(s) were applied, but there were no differences in yield among herbicide treatments.

Effect of pH, Nitrogen, and Tillage on Weed Control and Corn (Zea mays) Yield

Weed Science ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 719-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Kells ◽  
R. L. Blevins ◽  
C. E. Rieck ◽  
W. M. Muir
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Surface Soil Ph

Field studies were conducted to determine the effect of soil surface (upper 5 cm) pH and tillage on weed control and corn (Zea maysL.) yield using simazine [2-chloro-4,6-bis-(ethylamino)-s-triazine] as the herbicide for weed control. Soil pH, weed control, and corn yield were examined under no-tillage and conventional tillage systems with and without added lime and different rates of nitrogen. Increased soil pH significantly increased weed control as compared with added lime vs. no added lime, where the surface soil pH influenced the effectiveness of the applied simazine. Soil pH had a greater effect on weed control under no-tillage than under conventional tillage. Conventional tillage significantly (P<.01) increased weed control, yield, and soil pH over no-tillage. Additions of lime as compared to unlimed treatments resulted in significantly increased weed control (83% vs. 63%), yield (5,930 vs. 5,290 kg/ha) and soil pH (5.91 vs. 5.22). The poorest weed control was observed with no-tillage on unlimed plots. A significant tillage by linear effect of nitrogen interaction for all variables resulted from a greater decrease (P<.01) in weed control and soil pH and a greater increase in yield with increased nitrogen under no-tillage than with conventional tillage.

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