Influence of Application Method on the Activity of Butylate and EPTC in Reduced-Tillage Corn (Zea mays)

Weed Science ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 412-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas D. Buhler
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Growth Chamber ◽  
Reduced Tillage ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Liquid Fertilizer ◽  
Application Method ◽  
Control Growth ◽  
Application Methods

Weed control in reduced-tillage corn (Zea maysL. ‘Pioneer 3732′) with butylate [S-ethyl bis(2-methylpropyl) carbamothioate] and EPTC (S-ethyl dipropyl carbarnothioate) was not reduced when these herbicides were applied jointly with dry or liquid fertilizer. In most cases, application with fertilizer resulted in weed control similar to that observed when the herbicide was applied in water at 285 L/ha. Butylate applied as a granular formulation also gave weed control similar to the spray at 285 L/ha. Application in 95 L/ha of water consistently resulted in reduced weed control. Corn injury was not greatly influenced by application method, and differences in corn yield appeared to be due to differences in weed control. Growth chamber bioassays indicated that both butylate and EPTC dissipated more rapidly when applied in 95 L/ha of water than the other application methods, which may explain differences in weed control observed in the field.

Combinations of Nonselective Herbicides for Difficult to Control Weeds in No-Till Corn,Zea mays, and Soybeans,Glycine max

Weed Science ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 648-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. Wilson ◽  
A. Douglas Worsham
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Glycine Max ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Common Ragweed ◽  
No Till

The combination of glyphosate and 2,4-D at various rates was evaluated for controlling existing weeds at planting in no-till corn and soybeans. Herbicide combinations in soybeans also included paraquat plus 2,4-D, linuron, or diuron. Standard treatments included glyphosate (0.6 and 1.1 kg ae/ha) and paraquat (0.3 and 0.6 kg ai/ha), and 2,4-D (0.6 kg ae/ha) alone. For corn, the addition of 2,4-D to glyphosate did not improve weed control, although the addition of 2,4-D to paraquat did improve horseweed control. Corn yield with the herbicide combinations was higher than that for the nonselective herbicides alone. Although initial weed control was good in soybeans, weed regrowth in all paraquat alone treatments was substantial, especially with horseweed. The addition of 2,4-D to paraquat improved control of horseweed and tall morningglory. The addition of linuron or diuron to paraquat improved horseweed and common ragweed control, whereas the addition of 2,4-D to glyphosate improved the control of tall morningglory but not the other weed species. Generally, after 4 weeks, all glyphosate treatments provided better horseweed control than all paraquat treatments. Paraquat plus either linuron or diuron and glyphosate alone or in combination with 2,4-D gave the highest soybean yields.

Effects of Nitrogen Application Method and Weed Control on Corn Yield and Yield Components

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 497-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pariya Sepahvand ◽  
Nurali Sajedi ◽  
Seyed Karim Mousavi ◽  
Mohsen Ghiasvand
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Application Method ◽  
Yield And Yield Components

Application Timing for Weed Control in Corn (Zea mays) with Dicamba Tank Mixtures

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 602-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Spandl ◽  
Thomas L. Rabaey ◽  
James J. Kells ◽  
R. Gordon Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Application Timing ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Giant Foxtail ◽  
Corn Grain ◽  
Corn Grain Yield

Optimal application timing for dicamba–acetamide tank mixes was examined in field studies conducted in Michigan and Wisconsin from 1993 to 1995. Dicamba was tank mixed with alachlor, metolachlor, or SAN 582H and applied at planting, 7 d after planting, and 14 d after planting. Additional dicamba plus alachlor tank mixes applied at all three timings were followed by nicosulfuron postemergence to determine the effects of noncontrolled grass weeds on corn yield. Delaying application of dicamba–acetamide tank mixes until 14 d after planting often resulted in lower and less consistent giant foxtail control compared with applications at planting or 7 d after planting. Corn grain yield was reduced at one site where giant foxtail control was lower when application was delayed until 14 d after planting. Common lambsquarters control was excellent with 7 or 14 d after planting applications. At one site, common lambsquarters control and corn yield was reduced by application at planting. Dicamba–alachlor tank mixes applied 7 d after planting provided similar weed control or corn yield, while at planting and 14 d after planting applications provided less consistent weed control or corn yield than a sequential alachlor plus dicamba treatment or an atrazine-based program.

Response of Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) and Imidazolinone-Resistant Corn (Zea mays) to AC 263,222

1999 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 484-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Wilcut ◽  
John S. Richburg ◽  
F. Robert Walls
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Sorghum Halepense ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Redroot Pigweed ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Ac 263,222 ◽  
Large Crabgrass

Field studies were conducted in 1992 and 1993 to evaluate AC 263,222 applied postemergence (POST) alone and as a mixture with atrazine or bentazon for weed control in imidazolinone-resistant corn. Nicosulfuron alone and nicosulfuron plus atrazine were also evaluated. Herbicide treatments were applied following surface-banded applications of two insecticides, carbofuran or terbufos at planting. Crop sensitivity to POST herbicides, corn yield, and weed control was not affected by insecticide treatments. AC 263,222 at 36 and 72 g ai/ha controlled rhizomatous johnsongrass 88 and 99%, respectively, which was equivalent to nicosulfuron applied alone or with atrazine. AC 263,222 at 72 g/ha controlled large crabgrass 99% and redroot pigweed 100%, and this level of control exceeded that obtained with nicosulfuron alone. AC 263,222 at 72 g/ha controlled sicklepod and morningglory species 99 and 98%, respectively. Nicosulfuron alone or with atrazine controlled these two species less than AC 263,222 at 72 g/ha. Addition of bentazon or atrazine to AC 263,222 did not improve control of any species compared with the higher rate of AC 263,222 at 72 g/ha applied alone. Corn yield increased over the untreated control when POST herbicide(s) were applied, but there were no differences in yield among herbicide treatments.

Effect of pH, Nitrogen, and Tillage on Weed Control and Corn (Zea mays) Yield

Weed Science ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 719-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Kells ◽  
R. L. Blevins ◽  
C. E. Rieck ◽  
W. M. Muir
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Surface Soil Ph

Field studies were conducted to determine the effect of soil surface (upper 5 cm) pH and tillage on weed control and corn (Zea maysL.) yield using simazine [2-chloro-4,6-bis-(ethylamino)-s-triazine] as the herbicide for weed control. Soil pH, weed control, and corn yield were examined under no-tillage and conventional tillage systems with and without added lime and different rates of nitrogen. Increased soil pH significantly increased weed control as compared with added lime vs. no added lime, where the surface soil pH influenced the effectiveness of the applied simazine. Soil pH had a greater effect on weed control under no-tillage than under conventional tillage. Conventional tillage significantly (P<.01) increased weed control, yield, and soil pH over no-tillage. Additions of lime as compared to unlimed treatments resulted in significantly increased weed control (83% vs. 63%), yield (5,930 vs. 5,290 kg/ha) and soil pH (5.91 vs. 5.22). The poorest weed control was observed with no-tillage on unlimed plots. A significant tillage by linear effect of nitrogen interaction for all variables resulted from a greater decrease (P<.01) in weed control and soil pH and a greater increase in yield with increased nitrogen under no-tillage than with conventional tillage.

Cultural Practices Affecting Season-Long Weed Control in Irrigated Corn (Zea mays)

Weed Science ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 460-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell S. Moomaw ◽  
Alex R. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Fine Sand ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Weed Seed ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Herbicide Use

Season-long weed control has been a goal of some producers of irrigated corn (Zea maysL.) to reduce competition, lessen weed seed production, facilitate crop harvest, improve water efficiency (particularly with furrow irrigation), and improve aesthetic properties of fields. Field experiments were conducted for 3 yr on sprinkler-irrigated corn on a loamy fine sand. Five herbicides applied at layby generally provided season-long control of grass weeds and reduced weed seed production up to 100%. Pendimethalin [N-(1-ethylpropyl)-3,4-dimethyl-2,6-dinitrobenzenamine] was particularly effective. Yields of irrigated corn were not increased by layby herbicide application. Use of corn rows spaced 91 cm apart and use of a shorter, early-maturing, horizontal-leaf corn cultivar resulted in greater weed growth and weed seed production than did use of 76-cm rows and a taller, full-season, upright-leaf corn cultivar. After nearly complete weed control with herbicides for 2 yr, withholding herbicide use in the third year allowed weed growth which reduced corn yield. Indications were that weed control efforts need to be continuous in irrigated corn production.

Postemergence Broadleaf Weed Control in Corn (Zea mays) with CGA-152005

1996 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 689-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle R. Obermeier ◽  
George Kapusta
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Sulfonylurea Herbicide ◽  
Common Lambsquarters ◽  
Redroot Pigweed ◽  
Growing Conditions

Field studies were conducted in 1993 and 1994 to evaluate broadleaf weed control in corn with the sulfonylurea herbicide CGA-152005, CGA-152005 was applied at 10 to 50 g ai/ha alone and in combination with 2,4-D, dicamba, or atrazine. No corn injury was observed either year. Metolachlor plus CGA-152005 controlled redroot pigweed, velvetleaf, and common cocklebur 95% or more in 1993 and 1994. Common lambsquarters and ivyleaf morningglory control was dependent on CGA-152005 rate, weed size at application, and growing conditions. In 1994, control of velvetleaf and ivyleaf morningglory with CGA-152005 at 10 or 20 g/ha was less when applied as a tank-mix with atrazine and dicamba compared with when it was applied alone, probably due to antagonism caused by the companion herbicide. Generally, corn yield was related to weed control.

scholarly journals Reduced Herbicide Antagonism of Grass Weed Control through Spray Application Technique

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke H. Merritt ◽  
Jason Connor Ferguson ◽  
Ashli E. Brown-Johnson ◽  
Daniel B. Reynolds ◽  
Te-Ming Tseng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
Spray Application ◽  
The Third ◽  
Application Method ◽  
Application Methods ◽  
Over The Top ◽  
Grass Weed

Dicamba and 2,4-D tolerance traits were introduced to soybean and cotton, allowing for over the top applications of these herbicides. Avoiding antagonism of glyphosate and clethodim by dicamba or 2,4-D is necessary to achieve optimum weed control. Three field studies were conducted in fallow fields with broadleaf signalgrass (Urochloa platyphylla) and Italian ryegrass (Lolium perenne ssp. multiflorum) pressure. A tractor-mounted dual boom sprayer was modified to spray one of three application methods: (1) two herbicides tanked-mixed (TMX); (2) two herbicides in separate tanks mixed in the boom line (MIL); and (3) two herbicides in separate tanks applied through separate booms simultaneously (SPB). One study compared the three application methods with sethoxydim applied with bentazon, the second compared clethodim applied with dicamba or 2,4-D, and the third compared glyphosate applied with dicamba or 2,4-D. In most cases over all three trials, there was a 7–15% increase in efficacy when using the SPB application method. Antagonism of all the herbicide combinations above was observed when applied using the TMX and MIL methods. In some cases, antagonism was avoided when using the SPB method. The separate boom application method increased efficacy, which allowed herbicides to be used more effectively, resulting in improved economic and environmental sustainability of herbicide applications.

Results from two experiments with winter wheat, comparing top-dressings of a liquid N-fertilizer either alone or with added herbicide or mildew fungicide or both, and of ‘Nitro-Chalk’ without or with the herbicide or fungicide or both

1975 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 533-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Penny ◽  
J. F. Jenkyn
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
The Other ◽  
Liquid Fertilizer ◽  
Foliar Diseases ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
Wheat Leaves

SUMMARYExperiments with winter wheat in 1972 and 1973 tested all combinations of ‘Nitro-Chalk’ ν. liquid N-fertilizer, 56 ν. 112 kg N/ha, 0 ν 5·6 1/ha of herbicide (2·8 kg acid equivalent/ha) and 0 ν 0·7 1/ha of mildew fungicide, all applied at growth stage 4–5 of the Feekes scale. The liquid fertilizer (26 % N) was a solution of ammonium nitrate and urea, the herbicide was a mixture of dichlorprop and MCPA and the mildew fungicide contained 75 % (w/v) of the active ingredient tridemorph.The herbicide and mildew fungicide were sprayed either alone or together and neither scorched the wheat leaves. Liquid N-fertilizer by itself slightly scorched the wheat leaves and scorch was increased by adding herbicide to it, but more by adding the fungicide and most by adding both; it was then severe, especially with 112 kg N/ha.Weed control after adding herbicide to the liquid fertilizer was at least as good as from herbicide sprayed alone.In July, foliar diseases were much more severe with 112 than with 56 kg N/ha, but effects of the other treatments, including fungicide, on foliar diseases, were then very small.With 56 kg N/ha, yields were slightly larger with ‘Nitro-Chalk’ alone than with the liquid N-fertilizer alone, but with 112 kg N/ha they were slightly larger with the liquid fertilizer; adding herbicide to the liquid fertilizer did not change these results. With either amount of N, adding mildew fungicide to the liquid fertilizer made it less good than ‘Nitro-Chalk’, presumably because of the damage from leaf scorch; adding both herbicide and fungicide to the liquid fertilizer increased the damage.

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