scholarly journals Late-onset ADHD: does it exist?

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
Krystian Cholewa ◽  
◽  
Tomasz Sobów ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
International Classification Of Disease ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Current Classification ◽  
Current Guidelines

According to current classification systems, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) cannot be diagnosed unless its symptoms have been present already in childhood. Recently, this view has begun to be challenged with the thesis that the disorder may have its onset later in life (adolescence or young adulthood). The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) diagnostic criteria for ADHD are more liberal than those of the International Classification of Disease (ICD). Moreover, reports have begun to emerge demonstrating a different clinical picture in patients diagnosed with ADHD according to current guidelines and in a cohort with the onset in adulthood. The symptomatology of the disease in adults differs from that presented by children. Additionally, theories on the different etiopathogenesis of these entities have been advanced. These data have led to the proposal of distinguishing late-onset ADHD. There are also critical voices in the literature that question the possibility of developing ADHD symptoms in adulthood. Despite insufficient data and arguments to support the thesis of late-onset ADHD, there is a need for discussion and further exploration of the age at which ADHD may appear.

scholarly journals Baroness Charlotta Castelli Glembay – Was she hypersexual?

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-100
Author(s):  
Goran Arbanas
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Clinical Syndrome ◽  
Pattern Of Failure ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Sexual Drive ◽  
International Classification Of Disease ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Persistent Pattern ◽  
Formal Recognition

Hypersexuality disorder (or sexual addiction or excessive sexual drive or compulsive sexual behaviour disorder) is a controversial condition that is present in the International Classification of Disease but not in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders. It is defined as a clinical syndrome characterised by a persistent pattern of failure to control intense, repetitive sexual impulses or urges resulting in repetitive sexual behaviour. The condition is more prevalent in men than in women. Some medical conditions were described in fictional literature before their formal recognition in medicine, like Huntington disease, Pickwick syndrome, and Munchausen syndrome. The aim of this article is to analyse the fictional character of Charlotta Castelli Glembay from Miroslav Krleža’s play Messrs Glembays from 1928. Krleža presented a woman with a sexual drive that could be described as uncontrollable, organic (physical) in origin, and different from love and affection (that she also experienced, but only with one particular man). The author gave a special name for her condition – erotic intelligence. This sexual behaviour has distressing and devastating consequences. This paper will argue that the play depicts hypersexuality disorder in a woman, with a designation of its aetiology. In concordance with the prevailing attitudes of the time (the early 20th century), hypersexuality in women had negative attributions.

scholarly journals Pendokumentasian Asuhan Keperawatan dalam Pelayanan Keperawatan Jiwa

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satri Andani Zendrato
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
International Classification ◽  
World Health ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
International Classification Of Disease ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Health Organization

Latar belakang, Jiwa adalah unsur manusia yang bersifat nonmateri, tetapi fungsi dan manifestasinya sangat terkait pada materi. Mahasiswa yang pertama kali mempelajari ilmu jiwa dan keperawatan jiwa sering mengalami kesulitan dengan hal yang harus dipelajari, karena jiwa bersifat abstrak dan tidak berwujud benda. Tujuan, Untuk memberikan gambaran alasan perawat dalam pelaksanaan pendokumentasi Asuhan Keperawatan dan memberikan gambaran hambatan perawat terhadap pelaksanaan pendokumentasian asuhan. Metode, Kajian ini menggunakan literature review berdasarkan buku teks, buku refrensi, jurnal e-book (10 tahun terakhir) dengan menganalisis, eksplorasi, dan kajian bebas. Hasil, Hasil dari diagnosis gangguan jiwa telah mengalami berbagai penyempurnaan. Pada tahun 1960-an, World Health Organization (WHO) memulai menyusun klasifikasi diagnosis seperti tercantum pada International Classification of Disease (ICD). Klasifikasi ini masih terus disempurnakan, yang saat ini telah sampai pada edisi ke sepuluh (ICD X). Asosiasi dokter psikiatri Amerika juga telah mengembangkan sistem klasifikasi berdasarkan diagnosis dan manual statistik dari gangguan jiwa (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder—DSM). Pembahasan, dijelaskan beberapa tentang pendokumentasi terhadap pelayanan keperawatan jiwa yaitu : Alasan Pelaksanaan Pendokumentasian Asuhan Keperawatan, Hambatan pelaksanaan pendokumentasian, Dukungan dalam Pelaksanaan pendokumentasian, Harapan dalam Pelaksanaan Pendokumentasian Asuhan keperawatan.

Gender and cultural issues in psychiatric nosological classification systems

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 334-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanya van de Water ◽  
Sharain Suliman ◽  
Soraya Seedat
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Sensitivity ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnoses ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Classification Of Diseases

Much has changed since the two dominant mental health nosological systems, the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), were first published in 1900 and 1952, respectively. Despite numerous modifications to stay up to date with scientific and cultural changes (eg, exclusion of homosexuality as a disorder) and to improve the cultural sensitivity of psychiatric diagnoses, the ICD and DSM have only recently renewed attempts at harmonization. Previous nosological iterations demonstrate the oscillation in the importance placed on the biological focus, highlighting the tension between a gender- and culture-free nosology (solely biological) and a contextually relevant understanding of mental illness. In light of the release of the DSM 5, future nosological systems, such as the ICD 11, scheduled for release in 2017, and the Research Development Criteria (RDoC), can learn from history and apply critiques. This article aims to critically consider gender and culture in previous editions of the ICD and DSM to inform forthcoming classifications.

scholarly journals Kuda Kepang: A Case Report of Javanese Cultural-Related Trance in Medan

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (16) ◽  
pp. 2705-2707
Author(s):  
Thomas Hendriko ◽  
Elmeida Effendy
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Art World ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Traditional Art ◽  
International Classification Of Disease ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Traditional Performance

BACKGROUND: One of the works of Javanese culture is the kuda kepang. None of the historical records explains the origin of this dance. Kuda kepang or also called kuda lumping or jathilan. In the kuda kepang dance, the trance process takes place through the calling of the spirit or called endang through the songs that are played. In the International Classification of Disease Edition (ICD-10), it is called trance and possession disorders and in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders five editions (DSM-5) it is included into Other Specified Dissociative Disorder. CASE REPORT: This is a case of the direct interview with the kuda kepang player, SI (30 years old), and HO (54 years old) both were the Javanese tribe as the owner of the kuda kepang art group called "Kesenian Tunas Baru" in Sukaraya Village, Kutalimbaru District. He was one of the music players in the arts. CONCLUSION: The traditional performance of kuda kepang is a change and innovation that characterises the traditional art world where kuda kepang performances are truly sacred events and now become extraordinary and can be performed. In this case, it appears when the magical side is in the trance condition; this trance can be performed.    

scholarly journals Validity of nosological classification

1999 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-190
Keyword(s):  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Medical Classification ◽  
Dsm Iv

The term "nosological classification" is often used in connection with medical classification systems, and the tendency is to equate it with "diagnosis" and "validity." However, particularly in the case of psychiatry this is far from always being the case. From a scientific point of view, the two most up-to-date classification systems in use today - the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV), and the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision (ICD-10) - may be considered as the theoretical basis of current psychiatric nosology. In this paper we show that the instrumentally generated DSM-IV or ICD-10 diagnoses of schizophrenia have relatively low validity in comparison with clinician expert diagnoses. If medical classification is to be realistic, simple to use, and reliable, nosological systems must be based not only on established facts, but also on theoretical assumptions regarding the nature of disease.

Comparison of Alcohol Use Disorders in DSM and ICD

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 143-153
Author(s):  
Jessica W. M. Wong ◽  
Friedrich M. Wurst ◽  
Ulrich W. Preuss
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use Disorders ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Diagnostic Systems ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Historical Developments

Abstract. Introduction: With advances in medicine, our understanding of diseases has deepened and diagnostic criteria have evolved. Currently, the most frequently used diagnostic systems are the ICD (International Classification of Diseases) and the DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) to diagnose alcohol-related disorders. Results: In this narrative review, we follow the historical developments in ICD and DSM with their corresponding milestones reflecting the scientific research and medical considerations of their time. The current diagnostic concepts of DSM-5 and ICD-11 and their development are presented. Lastly, we compare these two diagnostic systems and evaluate their practicability in clinical use.

Angststörungen – von der ICD-10 zur ICD-11

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Timo D. Vloet ◽  
Marcel Romanos
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
International Classification ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Icd 10

Zusammenfassung. Hintergrund: Nach 12 Jahren Entwicklung wird die 11. Version der International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) von der Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO) im Januar 2022 in Kraft treten. Methodik: Im Rahmen eines selektiven Übersichtsartikels werden die Veränderungen im Hinblick auf die Klassifikation von Angststörungen von der ICD-10 zur ICD-11 zusammenfassend dargestellt. Ergebnis: Die diagnostischen Kriterien der generalisierten Angststörung, Agoraphobie und spezifischen Phobien werden angepasst. Die ICD-11 wird auf Basis einer Lebenszeitachse neu organisiert, sodass die kindesaltersspezifischen Kategorien der ICD-10 aufgelöst werden. Die Trennungsangststörung und der selektive Mutismus werden damit den „regulären“ Angststörungen zugeordnet und können zukünftig auch im Erwachsenenalter diagnostiziert werden. Neu ist ebenso, dass verschiedene Symptomdimensionen der Angst ohne kategoriale Diagnose verschlüsselt werden können. Diskussion: Die Veränderungen im Bereich der Angsterkrankungen umfassen verschiedene Aspekte und sind in der Gesamtschau nicht unerheblich. Positiv zu bewerten ist die Einführung einer Lebenszeitachse und Parallelisierung mit dem Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Schlussfolgerungen: Die entwicklungsbezogene Neuorganisation in der ICD-11 wird auch eine verstärkte längsschnittliche Betrachtung von Angststörungen in der Klinik sowie Forschung zur Folge haben. Damit rückt insbesondere die Präventionsforschung weiter in den Fokus.

The Classification of Eating Disorders

2010 ◽  
pp. 7-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn H. Gordon ◽  
Jill M. Holm-Denoma ◽  
Ross D. Crosby ◽  
Stephen A. Wonderlich
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Text Revision ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Dsm Iv

The purpose of the chapter is to elucidate the key issues regarding the classification of eating disorders. To this end, a review of nosological research in the area of eating disorders is presented, with a particular focus on empirically based techniques such as taxometric and latent class analysis. This is followed by a section outlining areas of overlap between the current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR; American Psychiatric Association, 2000) eating disorder categories and their symptoms. Next, eating disorder classification models that are alternatives to the DSM-IV-TR are described and critically examined in light of available empirical data. Finally, areas of controversy and considerations for change in next version of the DSM (i.e., the applicability of DSM criteria to minority groups, children, males; the question of whether clinical categories should be differentiated from research categories) are discussed.

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