The embedded clause subject constraint condition of the auxiliary particle ‘eun/neun’ in a contrastive semantic function

2021 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 35-72
Author(s):  
Changik Sung
Keyword(s):  
Constraint Condition ◽  
Semantic Function ◽  
Auxiliary Particle ◽  
Embedded Clause

scholarly journals was-w construction in German

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erhard W. Hinrichs ◽  
Tsuneko Nakazwa
Keyword(s):  
Alternative View ◽  
Natural Class ◽  
Semantic Function ◽  
Syntactic Form ◽  
Verb Classification ◽  
Embedded Clause ◽  
Indirect Analysis ◽  
Semantic Scope

The so-called was-w-construction in German has received a fair amount of attention in recent syntactic theorizing. Most of the discussion has focused on the properties of was. One line of research maintains that was is a scope marker that indicates the semantic scope of the wh-phrase in the embedded interrogative clause. The alternative view, usually referred to as the indirect analysis, was first developed with respect to Hindi (Dayal 1994) and then generalized to German (Dayal 1996). It holds that the was of the was-w-construction is associated not with the embedded wh-phrase, but rather with the embedded clause as a whole. Hinrichs and Nakazawa present some novel evidence in favor of an indirect analysis of the was-w construction. However, the main focus of their research is on two questions that by comparison have received little attention, namely: what is the set of matrix predicates that can enter into this construction, and how can one account for the curious fact that predicates that ordinarily do not license wh-complements allow such complements in the was-w-construction? On the basis of Ginzburg and Sag's verb classification (Ginzburg and Sag, in preparation) Hinrichs and Nakazawa identify a natural class of predicates that license this construction and utilize the notion of type coercion to account for the apparent mismatch between the syntactic form of the embedded interrogative and its semantic function.

Interpretations of embedded pragmatic scalar modifiers

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osamu Sawada
Keyword(s):  
Main Clause ◽  
Distinctive Property ◽  
Scalar Modifiers ◽  
Embedded Clause

Chapter 8 investigates the interpretation of embedded pragmatic scalar modifiers and considers the semantic mechanism behind subject- and speaker-oriented interpretations of embedded pragmatic scalar modifiers and CIs. For a subject-oriented reading, it is argued that there is a shift from a CI to a secondary at-issue entailment at the clausal level when the embedded clause combines with an attitude predicate and has a subject-oriented reading. For a speaker-oriented reading of embedded pragmatic scalar modifiers, it is claimed that the lower-level pragmatic scalar modifiers have the distinctive property of projection: unlike higher-level pragmatic scalar modifiers/typical CIs, lower-level pragmatic scalar modifiers can project out of the complement of a belief predicate only if there is a speaker-oriented modal in the main clause. This chapter shows that the interpretation of embedded pragmatic scalar modifiers is not only a matter of context and involves semantic and pragmatic mechanisms.

scholarly journals Ant-Mutated Immune Particle Filter Design for Terrain Referenced Navigation with Interferometric Radar Altimeter

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2189
Author(s):  
Suktae Kang ◽  
Myeong-Jong Yu
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Particle Filter ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Filter Design ◽  
Sar Interferometry ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Radar Altimeter ◽  
Terrain Referenced Navigation ◽  
Auxiliary Particle ◽  
Auxiliary Particle Filter

This study aims to design a robust particle filter using artificial intelligence algorithms to enhance estimation performance using a low-grade interferometric radar altimeter (IRA). Based on the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry technology, the IRA can extract three-dimensional ground coordinates with at least two antennas. However, some IRA uncertainties caused by geometric factors and IRA-inherent measurement errors have proven to be difficult to eliminate by signal processing. These uncertainties contaminate IRA outputs, crucially impacting the navigation performance of low-grade IRA sensors in particular. To deal with such uncertainties, an ant-mutated immune particle filter (AMIPF) is proposed. The proposed filter combines the ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm with the immune auxiliary particle filter (IAPF) to bring individual mutation intensity. The immune system indicates the stochastic parameters of the ACO, which conducts the mutation process in one step for the purpose of computational efficiency. The ant mutation then moves particles into the most desirable position using parameters from the immune system to obtain optimal particle diversity. To verify the performance of the proposed filter, a terrain referenced navigation (TRN) simulation was conducted on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). The Monte Carlo simulation results show that the proposed filter is not only more computationally efficient than the IAPF but also outperforms both the IAPF and the auxiliary particle filter (APF) in navigation performance and robustness.

Research on the Impacts of Screw Speed on All-Metal Screw Pump

2014 ◽  
Vol 703 ◽  
pp. 425-429
Author(s):  
Jun Fei Wu ◽  
Zhi Li ◽  
Fan Guo Meng ◽  
Ben Liang Yu
Keyword(s):  
Geometric Model ◽  
Constraint Condition ◽  
3D Flow ◽  
Screw Speed ◽  
Ansys Fluent ◽  
Screw Pump ◽  
Single Screw ◽  
Dynamic Mesh Technique ◽  
Fluent Software ◽  
Mesh Technique

Compared with traditional screw pump,all-metal screw pump have more advantages in the oil extraction. In this paper, all-metal single screw pump's geometric model was made by PROE software; then the dynamic mesh technique was applied to mesh the model and constraint condition was applied in the ANSYS-FLUENT software. 3D flow field was numerical analyzed In that software, the impacts of screw speed on volume flow and volumetric efficiency were concluded, the conclusion can offer some valuable guidances to the all-metal single screw pump's design.

Optimal Solution for Hyper-Sphere Integral Classification Process of Big Data

2014 ◽  
Vol 687-691 ◽  
pp. 1462-1465
Author(s):  
Zhi Liang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Calculation Method ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Constraint Condition ◽  
Target Problem ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Dual Programming ◽  
Optimal Classification ◽  
Classification Function ◽  
Optimal Calculation

This paper mainly discusses the optimal solution for hyper-sphere integral classification process of big data. The paper proposes an optimal calculation method for the target problem. Through statistics and analysis of big data, we get the constraint condition, and calculate a maximum value of data characteristic. Then, by the dual programming of Quadratic Programming, we obtain the optimal classification function for hyper-sphere integral classification process of big data. The experiment results show that the proposed algorithm can significantly improve the accuracy of the classification hyper-sphere integral for big data.

Direct Teaching Algorithm for a Manipulator in a Constraint Condition using the Teaching Force Shaping Method

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 1365-1384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chan Hun Park ◽  
Jin Ho Kyung ◽  
Dong Il Park ◽  
Kyung Taik Park ◽  
Doo Hyung Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Constraint Condition ◽  
Direct Teaching ◽  
Teaching Force

The Application of BESO in Vibration Damping of Ship Plate

2013 ◽  
Vol 572 ◽  
pp. 185-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Yan Teng ◽  
Jia Shan Han ◽  
Liang Peng
Keyword(s):  
Natural Vibration ◽  
Target Function ◽  
Vibration Damping ◽  
Natural Vibration Frequency ◽  
Constraint Condition ◽  
Evolutionary Structural Optimization ◽  
Damping Material ◽  
Reasonable Result ◽  
Beso Method ◽  
Original Amount

Based on the bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization (BESO), the method of determining the adhesion position of the damping material is proposed in this paper, which is applicable to the vibration damping of ship plate. In this method, the needed amount of damping material is taken as the constraint condition, and the maximization of one natural vibration frequency of the structure is taken as the target function. A thin plate structure with both ends constraints has been taken as an example to get the best topology structure of its adhesion damper by taking the BESO method. The result of optimization shows that it still meets the damping requirements when the needed amount of damping material decreases by about 50% of the original amount. The reasonable result demonstrates the effectiveness and engineering value of the method.

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