Nano Monitors for Identification of Vulnerable Cardio-Vascular Plaque

2006 ◽  
Vol 915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravikiran Kondama Reddy ◽  
Shalini Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Plaque Rupture ◽  
Postoperative Outcome ◽  
Coronary Plaque ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Multiple Markers ◽  
Single Marker ◽  
Electrical Biosensors ◽  
Cardio Vascular ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

AbstractAs our nation's population ages, there will be a substantial demand for surgical services. The best predictor of postoperative outcome is the presence of perioperative ischemia, which is caused by vulnerable coronary plaque rupture. It is not know what makes plaques rupture, but inflammation has been proposed as a unifying etiology. The physiologic perioperative state is one of intense, acute inflammation and thrombosis. This is characterised by the presence of protien- Human Serum C-Reactive Protein( hsCRP) and Myeloperoxidase(MPO). There is a gap in detection capability between gold standard in proteomics detection –Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) assay methods and electrical biosensors.ELISA based protein biomarker detection in too slow to be applicable in early patient bedside treatment. Electrical biosensors on the other hand may overcome this limitation with their improved sensitivity, specificity and rapid detection. In this application we demonstrate the development of nanomembrane based electrical protein “nano monitor”. This technique overcomes the limitations current “state-of- the- art” methods such as:• Specificity in detection of multiple markers that characterizes the disease pathogenesis from a single marker to multiple markers.• Speed of detection from a turnaround time of 12/24 hours to a few minutes.• Sensitivity of detection from milligram/ml to nanogram/ml.

Nano Monitors for Identification of Vulnerable Cardio-vascular Plaque

2006 ◽  
Vol 926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalini Prasad ◽  
Thomas Barrett ◽  
John Carruthers
Keyword(s):  
Complex Disease ◽  
Plaque Rupture ◽  
Coronary Plaque ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Protein Markers ◽  
Protein Biomarkers ◽  
Alumina Membrane ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Cardio Vascular

AbstractWe describe highly sensitive, non–invasive, label-free, electrical detection of protein biomarkers using nanoporous alumina membrane based electrochemical conductance based devices. The principle of operation of these sensors are based on electrochemical conductance varitions associated with the binding of antibody-antigen complexes to a metallic substrate.In these devices distinct pore clusters are selectively surface functionalized with specific antibodies, that are in turn are incorporated into micro scale arrays. Protein markers were routinely detected at nanomolar concentrations. This opens the potential for developing highly sensitive and selective biomarker detection assays in clinically relevant samples for diagnosis of complex disease state like vulnerable coronary plaque rupture that results in poor post surgical outcomes and other complex diseases.

scholarly journals Circulating microRNAs as potential biomarkers for coronary plaque rupture

Oncotarget ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (29) ◽  
pp. 48145-48156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sufang Li ◽  
Chongyou Lee ◽  
Junxian Song ◽  
Changlin Lu ◽  
Jun Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plaque Rupture ◽  
Coronary Plaque ◽  
Circulating Micrornas ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

scholarly journals Impact of Coronary Plaque Vulnerability on Acute Cardiovascular Events – Design of a CT-based 2-year Follow-up Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
Noémi Mitra ◽  
Roxana Hodas ◽  
Evelin Szabó ◽  
Zsolt Parajkó ◽  
Theodora Benedek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Plaque Rupture ◽  
Coronary Plaque ◽  
Plaque Vulnerability ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Diagnostic Strategies ◽  
Major Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Improve Patient

Abstract With coronary artery disease (CAD) projected to remain the leading cause of global mortality, prevention strategies seem to be the only effective approach able to reduce the burden and improve mortality and morbidity. At this moment, diagnostic strategies focus mainly on symptomatic patients, ignoring the occurrence of major cardiovascular events as the only manifestation of CAD. As two thirds of fatal myocardial infarction are resulting from plaque rupture, an approach based on the “vulnerable plaque” concept is mandatory in order to improve patient diagnosis, treatment, and, by default, prognosis. Given that the main studies focus on a plaque-centered approach, this is a prospective observational study that will perform a complex assessment of the features that characterize unstable coronary lesions, in terms of both local assessment via specific coronary computed tomography angiography markers of coronary plaque vulnerability and systemic approach based on serological markers of systemic inflammation in patients proved to be “vulnerable” by developing acute cardiovascular events.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a New, Rapid, Fully Automated Assay for the Measurement of ADAMTS13 Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 119 (11) ◽  
pp. 1767-1772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Valsecchi ◽  
Maribel Mirabet ◽  
Ilaria Mancini ◽  
Marina Biganzoli ◽  
Lucia Schiavone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atypical Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome ◽  
Method Comparison ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Medical Decision ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Adamts13 Activity ◽  
Activity Assay ◽  
Decision Level ◽  
Severe Deficiency ◽  
Analytical Time

AbstractThrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a rare thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) characterized by the severe deficiency of a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13 (ADAMTS13) activity (< 10%). Rapid ADAMTS13 testing is crucial for an early diagnosis and optimal management of acute TTP. We evaluated the performance of the HemosIL AcuStar ADAMTS13 activity assay (Instrumentation Laboratory, Bedford, Massachusetts, United States), a fully automated chemiluminescent immunoassay with an analytical time of 33 minutes. A method comparison study was performed on 176 samples from 49 healthy donors and 127 TMA patients (109 TTP, 7 atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, 11 other TMAs), comparing this new assay with an in-house FRETS-VWF73 assay and a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) (TECHNOZYM ADAMTS-13 Activity, Technoclone GmbH, Vienna, Austria). Agreement between methods was assessed with focus on ADAMTS13 activity less than 10%, the medical decision level relevant for TTP diagnosis. The HemosIL AcuStar ADAMTS13 Activity showed good correlation with both the FRETS-VWF73 (r = 0.96) and ELISA (r = 0.96) methods. Slope of the Passing–Bablok regression was 1.05 for FRETS-VWF73 and 1.02 for ELISA, and absolute bias at the medical decision level was +0.1 and +0.3%, respectively. The study also revealed high agreement with FRETS-VWF73 (kappa 0.97) and ELISA (kappa 0.98) methods in classifying TTP patients with a severe deficiency of ADAMTS13 activity. Because of its short turnaround time and full automation, the HemosIL AcuStar ADAMTS13 activity assay might become the assay of choice to rapidly test ADAMTS13 activity in plasma and thus establish the diagnosis of acute TTP in emergency settings.

scholarly journals Acute Pharmacokinetic Profile of Smoked and Vaporized Cannabis in Human Blood and Oral Fluid

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 233-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tory R Spindle ◽  
Edward J Cone ◽  
Nicolas J Schlienz ◽  
John M Mitchell ◽  
George E Bigelow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Oral Fluid ◽  
Cardiovascular Effects ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Profile ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Elisa Testing ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Abstract Currently, an unprecedented number of individuals can legally access cannabis. Vaporization is increasingly popular as a method to self-administer cannabis, partly due to perception of reduced harm compared with smoking. Few controlled laboratory studies of cannabis have used vaporization as a delivery method or evaluated the acute effects of cannabis among infrequent cannabis users. This study compared the concentrations of cannabinoids in whole blood and oral fluid after administration of smoked and vaporized cannabis in healthy adults who were infrequent users of cannabis. Seventeen healthy adults, with no past-month cannabis use, self-administered smoked or vaporized cannabis containing Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) doses of 0, 10 and 25 mg in six double-blind outpatient sessions. Whole blood and oral fluid specimens were obtained at baseline and for 8 h after cannabis administration. Cannabinoid concentrations were assessed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS-MS) methods. Sensitivity, specificity and agreement between ELISA and LC–MS-MS results were assessed. Subjective, cognitive performance and cardiovascular effects were assessed. The highest concentrations of cannabinoids in both whole blood and oral fluid were typically observed at the first time point (+10 min) after drug administration. In blood, THC, 11-OH-THC, THCCOOH and THCCOOH-glucuronide concentrations were dose-dependent for both methods of administration, but higher following vaporization compared with smoking. THC was detected longer in oral fluid compared to blood and THCCOOH detection in oral fluid was rare and highly erratic. For whole blood, greater detection sensitivity for ELISA testing was observed in vaporized conditions. Conversely, for oral fluid, greater sensitivity was observed in smoked sessions. Blood and/or oral fluid cannabinoid concentrations were weakly to moderately correlated with pharmacodynamic outcomes. Cannabis pharmacokinetics vary by method of inhalation and biological matrix being tested. Vaporization appears to be a more efficient method of delivery compared with smoking.

scholarly journals Relationship between serum homocysteine level and cognitive impairment in patients with Parkinson‘s disease

Pteridines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-182
Author(s):  
Xuejuan Liu ◽  
Tong Dong ◽  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Yumei Zhao ◽  
Jingwen Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Serum Folate ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Homocysteine ◽  
Folate And Vitamin B12 ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Clinical Characteristic

Abstract OBJECTIVE To investigate the correlation between serum homocysteine (Hcy) and cognitive impairment (CI) in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). METHODS Eighty-one PD patients were prospectively recruited in this study from Feb 2015 to Jan 2018 in Gansu Provincial Hospital. Of the subjects, 41 were diagnosed with cognitive impairment (PD-CI) vs. the 40 others without PD (PDN). The clinical characteristic and demographic features were recorded for the two groups. The serum Hcy, folate and vitamin B12 (VitB12) were examined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS The serum Hcy, folate, VitB12 concentration were 21.7±6.2 (μmol/L), 9.2±3.7 (ng/mL), 354.1±123.5 (pg/mL) for PD-CI group and 14.1±5.7 (μmol/L), 12.4±4.5 (ng/mL), 378.7±128.2 (pg/mL) for PDN group respectively. The serum level of Hcy in PD-CI group was significantly higher than that of PDN group (p<0.05), serum folate was significantly lower than PDN group (p<0.05). The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity and AUC were 77.5% (95%CI:61.6%-89.2%), 78.1% (95%CI:62.4%-89.4%), 0.82 (95%CI:0.73-0.91) for serum Hcy and 72.5% (95%CI:56.1%-85.4%), 63.4% (95%CI:46.9%-77.9%), 0.71(95%CI:0060-0.83) for serum folate respectively as serological markers for cognitive impairment diagnosis in patients with PD. Conclusion Serum Hcy and folate were different between PD-CI and PDN patients, which may play an important role in cognitive impairment development in patients with PD and can be used as promising serological diagnostic marker.

Chromogranin-A Levels Measured with Automated Immunoassay

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damien Gruson ◽  
Thibault Lepoutre ◽  
Françoise Smits
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Risk Stratification ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Chromogranin A ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Neuroendocrine Neoplasms ◽  
Automated Assay ◽  
Automated Immunoassay

Measurement of chromogranin-A (CgA) levels is relevant for the diagnosis of neuroendocrine neoplasms. The use of CgA testing for risk stratification of cardiovascular diseases is also increasing. The objective of our study was to determine the performances and reference values of a novel automated assay for CgA testing. The new method was compared with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Our results showed that the performances of the automated assay were satisfactory and that the agreement between the two methods was excellent. The automation of CgA testing also reduced the turnaround time of analysis and, therefore, might contribute to a faster delivery of the results to physicians.

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