Evaporite Dissolution Relevant to the Wipp Site, Northern Delaware Basin, Southeastern New Mexico

1982 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven J. Lambert
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Late Cenozoic ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Waste Isolation Pilot Plant ◽  
Delaware Basin ◽  
The Past ◽  
Geomorphic Features ◽  
Geologic Record

ABSTRACTEvaluation of the threat of natural dissolution of host evaporites to the integrity of the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) in southeastern New Mexico has taken into consideration (1) the volume of “missing” rock salt, (2) the occurrence (or not) of characteristic dissolution brines, (3) geomorphic features, some of which are unrelated to dissolution, and (4) the time intervals over which dissolution may have been active. Even under the assumption that all “missing” halite was originally present and has been removed by dissolution, there is no evidence of active preferential removal of the lower Salado Formation halite by any geologically reasonable process. The geologic record contains evidence of dissolution in the Triassic and Jurassic; to constrain all removal of basinal halite to the late Cenozoic yields an unrealistically high rate of removal. Application to the lower Salado of a stratabound mechanism known to be active in Nash Draw, a near-surface feature within the Basin, allows a minimum survival time of 2,500,000 years to be predicted for the subsurface facility for storage of radioactive waste at WIPP. This calculation is based on an analysis of all known dissolution features in the Delaware Basin, and takes into account the wetter (pluvial) climate during the past 600,000 years.

Deformation-Dissolution Potential of Bedded Salt, Waste Isolation Pilot Plant Site, Delaware Basin, New Mexico

1981 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Y. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Waste Isolation Pilot Plant ◽  
Delaware Basin ◽  
Deformation Structures ◽  
Salt Dissolution ◽  
Plant Site ◽  
Hydrologic System ◽  
The Relationship

Deep-seated collapse and brecciation is a feature common to bedded salt in a number of evaporite basins. The origin of these features is poorly understood. The relatively young geologic age of uplift and exposure of evaporites in the Delaware Basin, and a still-active hydrologic system, provides a unique opportunity to examine the pathways of water movement related to collapse features and salt dissolution. In addition, salt deformation structures are closely associated with brine, dissolution, and collapse. This report briefly discusses evidence for deep-seated dissolution,considers the relationship between deformation, dissolution, and brine, and examines the potential for dissolution at the WIPP (Waste Isolation Pilot Plant) site with respect to stages in the deformation-dissolution process.

Analytical Electron Microscopy of Ion-Implanted Metals

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 282-285
Author(s):  
D.I. Potter ◽  
M. Ahmed ◽  
K. Ruffing
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Ion Implantation ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Analytical Electron Microscopy ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Surface Chemical ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
The Past ◽  
Analytical Electron ◽  
Property Changes

Ion implantation, used extensively for the past decade in fabricating semiconductor devices, now provides a unique means for altering the near-surface chemical compositions and microstructures of metals. These alterations often significantly improve physical properties that depend on the surface of the material; for example, catalysis, corrosion, oxidation, hardness, friction and wear. Frequently the mechanisms causing these beneficial alterations and property changes remain obscure and much of the current research in the area of ion implantation metallurgy is aimed at identifying such mechanisms. Investigators thus confront two immediate questions: To what extent is the chemical composition changed by implantation? What is the resulting microstructure? These two questions can be investigated very fruitfully with analytical electron microscopy (AEM), as described below.

Eyeworm infections ofOxyspirura petrowi, Skrjabin, 1929 (Spirurida: Thelaziidae), in species of quail from Texas, New Mexico and Arizona, USA

2016 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.R. Dunham ◽  
R.J. Kendall
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Northern Bobwhite ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Scaled Quail ◽  
Callipepla Squamata ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Research ◽  
Gambel's Quail ◽  
Historical Range

AbstractNorthern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) and Scaled quail (Callipepla squamata) have been declining steadily throughout much of their historical range over the past few decades. Even the Rolling Plains of Texas, historically rich with wild quail and one of the last remaining quail strongholds, has been suffering a population decline, most notably since 2010. Gambel's quail (Callipepla gambelii) have also been experiencing their own decline throughout their respective range, but not as significant as that of other species of quail. Eyeworms (Oxyspirura petrowi) in quail have been recognized for years but not thoroughly studied until recently. New research reveals thatO. petrowiinfection can cause inflammation, oedema, and cellular damage to the eye of the quail host. The objective of this research was to better understand the prevalence of the eyeworm infection in different quail species, expand on known distribution, and determine if there is a relationship between location and species infected with eyeworms. Northern bobwhite, Scaled quail and Gambel's quail were hunter-donated from one county within Texas, New Mexico and Arizona, and examined for the prevalence, mean abundance and mean intensity of eyeworm infection from November 2013 to February 2014. Quail from every location were found to have individuals with a varying degree of eyeworm infection. This is the first study to document eyeworm infection in Gambel's quail and in quail in New Mexico and Arizona, and reports the highest eyeworm infection found in Northern bobwhite and Scaled quail.

scholarly journals Inconsistent Condom Use among Public Primary Care Patients with Tuberculosis in South Africa

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gladys Matseke ◽  
Karl Peltzer ◽  
Julia Louw ◽  
Pamela Naidoo ◽  
Gugu Mchunu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Primary Care ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Consistent Condom ◽  
Consistent Condom Use ◽  
Inconsistent Condom ◽  
The Past ◽  
Inconsistent Condom Use

The high rate of HIV infections among tuberculosis (TB) patients in South Africa calls for urgent HIV reduction interventions in this subpopulation. While correct and consistent condom use is one of the effective means of HIV prevention among sexually active people, there is insufficient research on condom use among TB patients in South Africa. The aim of this paper was to determine the prevalence of inconsistent condom use among public primary care TB patients and its associated factors using a sample of 4900 TB patients from a cross-sectional survey in three health districts in South Africa. Results indicated that when asked about their consistency of condom use in the past 3 months, 63.5% of the participants reported that they did not always use condoms. In the multivariable analysis, being married (OR=1.66; 95% CI 1.25–2.20) or cohabitating or separated, divorced, or widowed (OR=3.67; 1.85–7.29), lower educational level (OR=0.66; 0.46–0.94), greater poverty (OR=1.60; 1.25–2.20), not having HIV status disclosed (OR=0.34; 0.25–0.48), sexual partner on antiretroviral treatment (OR=0.38; 0.23–0.60), and partner alcohol use before sex (OR=1.56; 1.30–1.90) were significantly associated with inconsistent condom use in the past 3 months. The low proportion of consistent condom use among TB patients needs to be improved.

Duration of Time in Time-Related Words

1969 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 775-781
Author(s):  
Martin S. Lindauer
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Sex Difference ◽  
Time Perspective ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
The Past

275 time-related words, considered a source for the cognitive investigation of time perspective, were assigned to 10 time intervals ranging from seconds to millennia by 32 Ss equally divided by sex. Differences were found in the duration of time connoted by the verbal materials, with reference to the frequency with which the 10 time intervals were used, as well as the time spans associated with the past, present, and future. No sex difference was noted.

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