Long-Wavelength Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser Diodes

1996 ◽  
Vol 421 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.I. Babic ◽  
V. Jayaraman ◽  
N. M. Margalit ◽  
K. Streubel ◽  
M.E. Heimbuch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Active Regions ◽  
Cavity Surface ◽  
Long Wavelength ◽  
Surface Emitting Lasers ◽  
Vertical Cavity Surface ◽  
Surface Emitting Laser ◽  
Emitting Lasers ◽  
Vertical Cavity ◽  
Lattice Matched

AbstractLong-wavelength (1300/1550 nm) vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) have been much more difficult to realize than VCSELs at shorter wavelengths such as 850/980 nm. The primary reason for this has been the low refractive index difference and reflectivity associated with lattice-matched InP/InGaAsP mirrors. A solution to this problem is to “wafer-fuse” high-reflectivity GaAs/AlGaAs mirrors to InP/InGaAsP active regions. This process has led to the first room-temperature continuous-wave (CW) 1.54 μm VCSELs. In this paper, we discuss two device geometries which employ wafer-fused mirrors, both of which lead to CW operation. We also discuss fabrication of WDM arrays using long-wavelength VCSELs.

SURFACE EMITTING LASERS

1992 ◽  
Vol 03 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 263-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
KENICHI IGA
Keyword(s):  
Cavity Surface ◽  
Photonic Integration ◽  
Parallel Surface ◽  
Surface Emitting Lasers ◽  
Vertical Cavity Surface ◽  
Surface Emitting Laser ◽  
Technical Issues ◽  
Basic Technology ◽  
Emitting Lasers ◽  
Vertical Cavity

In this paper we review the progress and basic technology of vertical cavity surface emitting lasers together with related parallel surface operating optical devices. First, the concept of a vertical cavity surface emitting laser is presented, and then currently developed devices and their performances will be introduced. We will then feature some technical issues, such as multilayer structures, 2-dimensional arrays, photonic integration, etc. Lastly, future prospects for parallel lightwave subsystems using surface emitting lasers will be discussed.

The Effect of a Saturable Absorber in Long-Wavelength Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers Fabricated by Wafer Fusion Technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (12) ◽  
pp. 1257-1262
Author(s):  
S. A. Blokhin ◽  
M. A. Bobrov ◽  
A. A. Blokhin ◽  
A. P. Vasil’ev ◽  
A. G. Kuz’menkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saturable Absorber ◽  
Cavity Surface ◽  
Fusion Technology ◽  
Long Wavelength ◽  
Wafer Fusion ◽  
Surface Emitting Lasers ◽  
Vertical Cavity Surface ◽  
Emitting Lasers ◽  
Vertical Cavity
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