Design, Synthesis and Characterization of New Bimechanistic Optical Power Limiters Based on Reverse Saturable and Two-photon Absorption

1999 ◽  
Vol 597 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. W. Spangler ◽  
E. H. Elandaloussi ◽  
B. Ozer ◽  
K. Ashworth ◽  
L. Madrigal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Excited State Absorption ◽  
Optical Power ◽  
Radical Cations ◽  
Optical Limiting ◽  
Photon Absorption ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Reverse Saturable Absorption ◽  
Two Photon Absorption ◽  
Two Photon

AbstractDuring the past five years there has been considerable progress in the design of organic materials for optical power limiting (OPL) applications. One of the more promising and widely studied material approaches involves reverse saturable absorption (RSA) from various excited states. We have recently been examining the efficacy of utilizing highly absorbing photogenerated charge states for RSA. Both polaronic radical cations and bipolaronic dications are possible candidates for this mode of optical limiting. Equally intriguing are new approaches to designing chromophores with large two-photon absorption (TPA) cross-sections. For some pulse durations the effective two-photon cross-section for bis-(diphenylamino)diphenylpolyenes, and dendrimers based on these repeat units, are extraordinaryly large, indicative of excited state absorption. In this presentation we will discuss the possibility of combining these two optical limiting mechanistic paradigms in single structures, which may then be considered as bimechanistic optical power limiters.

Energy transfer coupling of two-photon absorption and reverse saturable absorption for enhanced optical power limiting

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (22) ◽  
pp. 1742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mukesh P. Joshi ◽  
J. Swiatkiewicz ◽  
Faming Xu ◽  
Paras N. Prasad ◽  
B. A. Reinhardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Transfer ◽  
Optical Power ◽  
Photon Absorption ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Reverse Saturable Absorption ◽  
Two Photon Absorption ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Optical Power Limiting

OPTICAL LIMITING STUDIES IN PHOTOREFRACTIVE PURE AND IRON-DOPED Bi12SiO20 CRYSTALS

2000 ◽  
Vol 09 (02) ◽  
pp. 217-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. SREERAMANA AITHAL ◽  
P. PREM KIRAN ◽  
D. NARAYANA RAO
Keyword(s):  
Excited State Absorption ◽  
Optical Limiting ◽  
Photon Absorption ◽  
Limiting Behavior ◽  
Two Photon Absorption ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Iron Incorporation ◽  
Optical Limiter ◽  
Level Model

Optical limiting characteristics of pure and 150 ppm Fe-doped Bi 12 SiO 20 (BSO:Fe) crystals are studied at high intensity nanosecond pulse regime. When the input light is at 532 nm and at 595 nm with 6 ns pulse duration, a good optical limiting behavior is observed due to simultaneous effect of trap assisted excited state absorption and two photon absorption. The precise role of the internal defects due to impurity centers present in the crystal lattice is explained on the basis of a four level model. This study reveal that the increased nonlinear absorption due to iron incorporation in BSO makes it an excellent passive optical limiter.

Perylene Derivatives with Large Two-Photon-Absorption Cross-Sections for Application in Optical Limiting and Upconversion Lasing

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (15) ◽  
pp. 1890-1893 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. Oliveira ◽  
D. S. Corrêa ◽  
L. Misoguti ◽  
C. J. L. Constantino ◽  
R. F. Aroca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Optical Limiting ◽  
Photon Absorption ◽  
Absorption Cross ◽  
Two Photon Absorption ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Perylene Derivatives

Wavelength Dispersion of Optical Power Limiting in Stilbene3 Analyzed within a Three Level Model

1999 ◽  
Vol 597 ◽  
Author(s):  
P-A. Chollet ◽  
A. Somin ◽  
B. Paci ◽  
V. Hully ◽  
J-M. Nunzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Excited State Absorption ◽  
Optical Power ◽  
Laser Pulses ◽  
Optical Limiting ◽  
Photon Absorption ◽  
Visible Range ◽  
Nanosecond Laser ◽  
Nonlinear Transmission ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Level Model

AbstractNonlinear transmission in a dye (stilbene3) exhibiting two-photon absorption (TPA) has been studied has a function of wavelength, in the visible range using nanosecond laser pulses. The results have been analyzed within a three level model: the first excited one is populated by TPA and is excited toward an upper level (excited state absorption, ESA). The TPA and ESA spectra obtained by optical limiting (δ∼10-46 cm4s photon-1molecule-1; δ∼ 10-16 cm2) are in good agreement with those determined by two-photon fluorescence and Kerr ellipsometry. Thus, nonlinear transmission appears as a useful technique to estimate the TPA and ESA contributions in optical limiting.

Two-Photon Absorption in Polybenzidine

1994 ◽  
Vol 374 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Aranda ◽  
C. F. Cheng ◽  
D. V. G. L. N. Rao ◽  
J. A. Akkara ◽  
D. L. Kaplan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Slow Component ◽  
Photon Absorption ◽  
Polymerization Reaction ◽  
Imaginary Component ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Reverse Saturable Absorption ◽  
Nonlinear Optical Susceptibility ◽  
Two Photon Absorption ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Nanosecond Pulses

AbstractPolymers of Benzidine were synthesized by hydrogen peroxide reaction catalyzed by horseradish peroxidase enzyme. The polymerization reaction was carried out at room temperature in a monophasic organic solvent with a small amount of water at pH 7.5.The technique of degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM) with nanosecond and picosecond pulses was employed to measure the third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility χ. The samples were studied in solution in Dimethyl sulfoxide:Methanol in volume ratio 4:1. The observed values are of order 10−9 to 10−8esu. Measurements on a thin film agree approximately with the extrapolated values fron solution measurements. Picosecond time resolved measurements indicate a pulse-width limited response followed by a small slow component. Investigation of the total energy transmission as a function of the incident intensity and fluence at 532 nm for pico- and nanosecond pulses indicates reverse saturable absorption. As we observe the nanosecond and picosecond curves to be superimposed for the intensity plot but not for fluence, we conclude that the nonlinearity is predominantly due to two-photon absorption. Numerical analysis of the data yields a value of 12.25 cm/GW for the two-photon absorption coefficient β. The imaginary component of χ obtained is 5 × 10−9esu. The material appears to be a good candidate for applications in optical power limiting and switching.

Optical Power Limiters for Nanosecond Pulses: Design of New Dendritic Chromophores with Exceptionally Large Two-Photon Cross-Sections

1999 ◽  
Vol 597 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. H. Elandaloussi ◽  
C. Spangler ◽  
M. Casstevens ◽  
D. Kumar ◽  
J. Weibel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Optical Power ◽  
Optical Nonlinearity ◽  
Photon Absorption ◽  
Laser Dyes ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Two Photon Absorption ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Structure Property Relationships ◽  
Nanosecond Pulses

AbstractOver the past five years there has been a renaissance in design studies of chromophores with the possibility of enhanced two-photon absorption (TPA). While two-photon absorption has been described for molecules such as laser dyes in solution for a number of years1, it has only been recently that researchers have attempted detailed structure-property relationships to elucidate how new chromophores with greatly enhanced two-photon cross-sections might be designed. Since the intrinsic cross-sections are related to the Im component of the third order optical nonlinearity, it should come as no surprise that much of the previous work in the literature which focused on structure-property relationships for molecules with enhanced NLO response might be applicable to the design of new TPA chromophores. In this presentation we will review our recent studies in this area, and our rationale for the applicability of dendritic strctures based on photonic-active repeat units for enhancment of two-photon absorption, particularly in the area of optical power limiting applications.

Design and Synthesis of New Acceptor Molecules for Photo-Induced Electron Transfer Reverse Saturable Absorption

1999 ◽  
Vol 598 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bader ◽  
J. Moser ◽  
H. Li ◽  
S. Tarter ◽  
C. Spangler
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Excited State Absorption ◽  
Optical Power ◽  
Laser Frequency ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Reverse Saturable Absorption ◽  
Incident Wavelength ◽  
Limiting Behavior ◽  
Design And Synthesis ◽  
Laser Systems

ABSTRACTWith the advent of efficient and relatively inexpensive pulsed and CW laser systems for both civilian and military applications, the need for adequate eye and sensor protection is becoming increasingly important. While it is possible to filter out harmful wavelengths if the laser frequency is known, the proliferation of frequency agile laser sources underscores the need for “smart” passive materials that can sense the incident wavelength and provide protection. There has been considerable progress made in recent years in the design of optical power limiting (OPL) materials that can function by a variety of mechanisms, most of which derive their limiting behavior from some type of nonlinear absorption process. The most well-studied of these processes involve excited state absorption in which the absorption cross-sections of the photo-generated transient species are much greater than the original S0 to S1 transition. In this presentation we will discuss the efficacy of charge transfer species for optical limiting, and the need for more and better electron acceptor species.

The Design and Synthesis of New Organic Molecules with Large Two-Photon Absorption Cross-Sections for Optical Limiting Applications

1997 ◽  
Vol 479 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Reinhardt ◽  
L. L. Brott ◽  
S. J. Clarson ◽  
R. Kannan ◽  
A. G. Dillard
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Nonlinear Optical ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Optical Limiting ◽  
Photon Absorption ◽  
Absorption Cross ◽  
Two Photon Absorption ◽  
Design And Synthesis ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Nlo Property

AbstractThe molecular structure / nonlinear optical (NLO) property relationship is explored with seven recently synthesized chromophores. Two symmetrical compounds were made using electron withdrawing groups separated by an electron rich core while five asymmetrical molecules were developed using electron donating and withdrawing groups coupled by a it electron bridging group. Pendant chains were added to some of the chromophores to improve processibility. Their syntheses are described and their optical limiting properties discussed.

Nonlinear Absorption and Limiting Behaviour of Monoclinic and Orthorhombic Copper Niobate

2017 ◽  
Vol 865 ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
N. Priyadarshani ◽  
T.C. Sabari Girisun
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Absorption ◽  
Orthorhombic Phase ◽  
Optical Nonlinearity ◽  
Photon Absorption ◽  
Saturable Absorption ◽  
Reverse Saturable Absorption ◽  
Pore Networks ◽  
Two Photon Absorption ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Limiting Behaviour

Monoclinic and orthorhombic phase of copper niobate was prepared by simple solid state reaction (700°C, 900°C for 12 hours). Formation of two polymorphic phases of CuNb2O6 was ascertained by XRD and FTIR analysis. FESEM showed the presence of pore networks in both phases. Third-order optical nonlinearity and their limiting behaviour were studied by Z-scan technique using Ti: Sapphire laser (800 nm, 150 fs, 80 MHz). Both phases of copper niobate exhibit reverse saturable absorption. The observed optical limiting action was ascribed due to two-photon absorption process. Monoclinic copper niobate shows almost 100 times stronger nonlinear absorption behaviour than orthorhombic copper niobate due to peculiar distortion of NbO6 octahedra. Monoclinic copper niobate with high two photon absorption coefficient (85x10-10 m/W) and low limiting threshold (0.21 μJ/cm2) can be a better alternate for benchmark optical limiters like carbon nanotubes.

Two-photon absorption-based optical limiting in 2-(2-methoxybenzyllideneamino)-5-methylphenylmercuric chloride-doped PMMA film

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 1450079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qusay Mohammed Ali Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Optical Power ◽  
Optical Limiting ◽  
Photon Absorption ◽  
Pmma Film ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Two Photon Absorption ◽  
Two Photon ◽  
Cw Laser ◽  
Optical Power Limiting

The synthesis and the linear and optical limiting properties of a 2-(2-methoxybenzyllideneamino)-5-methylphenylmercuric chloride-doped poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) film are described. The sample exhibits strong optical power limiting under continuous wave (cw) laser at the experimental wavelength. The mechanisms for the optical limiting were discussed on the basis of the two-photon absorption involved in the process. The nonlinear absorption coefficient β of the sample is estimated and its value is found to be 67 × 10-2 cm/W. Our study indicated that the investigated compound-doped PMMA film is a potential candidate for optical limiting applications in low power cw regime.

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