scholarly journals Urolithiasis due to renal dystopia and vascular anomalies

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-92
Author(s):  
Anna Pliszka ◽  
◽  
Michał Kłos ◽  
Klaudia Możdżeń ◽  
Krzysztof Balawender ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endovascular Procedures ◽  
Stone Formation ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Vascular Anomalies ◽  
Case Description ◽  
Female Cadaver ◽  
Adjacent Structures ◽  
Radiological Procedures

Introduction. Variations in the urogenital vascular anomalies in the abdomen are common. However, they warrant attention due to their importance in operative, diagnostic, and endovascular procedures. Aim. The aim of this article is to show an example of a patient with rare kidney and vessels anomalies. We want to prove that those anomalies contributed to development of urolithiasis in this case. Description of the case. During dissection of abdomen in a female cadaver, unique vascular anomalies and a position disorder of both kidneys were observed. Conclusion. Vessel abnormalities were congenital and appeared simultaneously with renal dystopia. Both anomalies could contribute to stone formation and nephritis. Understanding of the urogenital anatomical variations and their relations to adjacent structures is significant during surgical and radiological procedures.

Configuration of Circle of Willis and Its Clinical Significance

2018 ◽  
Vol 08 (04) ◽  
pp. 270-273
Author(s):  
Aisha Hassan Brohi ◽  
Kevin Joseph Jerome Borges ◽  
Gulraiz Hikmat Yar ◽  
Syed Nudrat Nawaid Shah ◽  
Nuzhat Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Circle Of Willis ◽  
Brain Diseases ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Radiological Procedures

In occlusive vascular brain diseases, the structure of the circle of Willis is of immense importance. A high percentage of variations have been reported in the arteries forming circle of Willis. These have profound clinical implications. With advances in interventional radiological procedures, the interventional radiologists and neurosurgeons need to have thorough knowledge of these variations. This article will help readers understand the significance of anatomical variations and their clinical effects.

Transradial access for neurointerventions: management of access challenges and complications

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Christine Brunet ◽  
Stephanie H Chen ◽  
Eric C Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Radial Artery ◽  
Randomized Trials ◽  
Endovascular Procedures ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Artery Occlusion ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Transfemoral Approach ◽  
Transradial Approach ◽  
The Common ◽  
Catheter Knots

BackgroundNumerous large randomized trials have shown a significant morbidity and mortality benefit with the transradial approach (TRA) over the transfemoral approach (TFA) for endovascular procedures. However, this technique is routinely avoided or aborted due to unfamiliarity with the technique and the associated anatomical difficulties that may be faced in this approach. The objective of this review is to identify both the common and uncommon challenges that may be encountered during a transradial approach for cerebrovascular catheterization and to provide tips and tricks to overcome the transradial learning curve.MethodA careful review of the literature and of all our transradial cases was carried out to identify the common challenges and complications that are encountered when using TRA for diagnostic cerebral angiography and neurointerventions.ResultsA stepwise approach is provided to prevent and manage common challenges including radial artery access failure, radial artery spasm, radial artery anomalies and tortuosity, radial artery occlusion, radial artery perforation and hematoma, subclavian tortuosity and anomalies, and catheter knots and kinks.ConclusionThe ability to recognize and navigate anatomical variations and complications unique to TRA will accelerate learning, decrease unnecessary morbidity and mortality, and further advance the neurovascular field.

Anatomical Variations in the Pituitary Gland and Adjacent Structures in 225 Human Autopsy Cases

1968 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard M. Bergland ◽  
Bronson S. Ray ◽  
Richard M. Torack
Keyword(s):  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Adjacent Structures ◽  
Human Autopsy

Anatomical variations of the spinal accessory nerve and its relevance to level IIb lymph nodes

2009 ◽  
Vol 141 (5) ◽  
pp. 639-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Hyuk Lee ◽  
Jong Kyu Lee ◽  
Sung Min Jin ◽  
Jin Hwan Kim ◽  
Il Seok Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Ventral Side ◽  
Spinal Accessory Nerve ◽  
Accessory Nerve ◽  
Cervical Plexus ◽  
Spinal Accessory ◽  
Adjacent Structures ◽  
Inferior Border

Objective: This study was conducted to identify anatomical variations of the spinal accessory nerve (SAN) in the upper neck, the landmark of the anterior and inferior border of level IIb, and to evaluate the nerve's effect on the border and the number of lymph nodes (LNs) in level IIb. Study Design and Setting: Case series with planned data collection. Subjects and Methods: A total of 181 neck dissections (NDs) were prospectively enrolled in this study. The relation between the SAN and adjacent structures (internal jugular vein [IJV], sternocleidomastoid muscle [SCM], cervical plexus) and the number of LNs in level IIb was investigated. Results: The SAN crossed the IJV ventrally in 72 cases (39.8%) and dorsally in 104 cases (57.4%), and passed through the IJV in five cases (2.8%). The SAN ran along the inner surface of the SCM and sent branches to the SCM without penetration of the muscle in 83 cases (45.9%), whereas in 98 cases (54.1%) the nerve sent branches to the SCM by penetration. Cervical plexus contribution to the SAN was seen from C2 in 96 cases (53.1%), C2 and C3 in 69 cases (38.1%), and C3 in 16 cases (8.8%). The mean number of LNs of level IIa and level IIb was 6.5 and 8.2 in cases in which the SAN crossed the IJV ventrally, and 6.8 and 5.4 in dorsally crossing cases. LNs included in the neck level IIb in ventrally crossing SAN cases were significantly larger than the dorsally crossing cases ( P < 0.05). Conclusions: Our results may help to minimize the incidence of injuring the SAN in the upper neck during ND. Neck level IIb would contain more LNs if the course of the nerve leans toward the ventral side.

Definition, classification and morphometry of entrance of the bicipital groove and its associations with lesions of adjacent structures

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiguo Yuan ◽  
Yucong Zou ◽  
Kai Zheng ◽  
Xuecheng Huang ◽  
Zhiwei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biceps Brachii ◽  
Articular Surface ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Bicipital Groove ◽  
Bony Landmarks ◽  
Adjacent Structures ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Long Head

Abstract Background The definition of the entrance of the bicipital groove (EBG) is still unclear, and the relationships between the EBG and lesions of the long head of the biceps brachii tendon (LBT) and biceps pulley complex (BPC) have long been controversial. The purpose of this anatomic and imaging study was to define the EBG and to examine morphological parameters, classifications, and their relationships with lesions of the LBT and BPC. Methods One hundred thirteen unpaired intact dry humeri, 34 cadaveric shoulder specimens and 278 shoulder images were collected, measured, and classified based on morphological characteristics. Soft tissue and bony landmarks of the EBG were classified into different types. The relationships between the types and lesions of the LBT and BPC were analyzed through an anatomic and imaging study. Results Type II, type A and type i of the EBG and type b of the adjacent articular surface accounted for most of the dry humeri, cadavers, and images. Based on the EBG classification in the superoinferior image view, all of the subluxations and dislocations were classified as type B (61/120, 50.83%; χ2 = 16.55, P < 0.001), and most LBT and BPC lesions were type B (65/117, 55.56%; χ2 = 26.05, P < 0.001). LBTs were injured in (χ2=, P < 0.001) 83.56% of type B, 100% of type C, and 95.83% of type iii EBGs (χ2 = 135.69, 31.89, all P < 0.001). Similarly, BPCs were injured in 89.04% of type B and 93.10% of type C EBGs (χ2 = 153.14, P < 0.001), while BPCs were injured in 95.8% of type iii EBGs (χ2 = 33.79, P < 0.001). Conclusions The EBG is an anatomical concept worthy of clinical attention. Anatomical variations in the EBG correlated with lesions of the LBT and BPC. LBT and BPC lesions correlated with type B and C EBGs by imaging analysis.

Glomus tumour of the iris: A case report

2020 ◽  
pp. 112067212095903
Author(s):  
Huang Jing ◽  
Chen Weiwen ◽  
Cui Meihong ◽  
Guo Xiaohong
Keyword(s):  
Glomus Tumour ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Case Description ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Blurred Vision ◽  
Ultrasound Computed Tomography ◽  
Adjacent Structures ◽  
History Of ◽  
Benign Tumours ◽  
Glomus Body

Introduction: Glomus tumours are rare benign tumours formed by modified smooth muscle cells arising from the glomus body. Glomus tumours occurring in the iris have not been previously reported. Case description: A 32-year-old woman presented with a 9-day history of blurred vision in her right eye. Ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging confirmed the presence of a mass lesion within the iris. Surgery of the iris was performed and the tumour was removed. Histopathological analysis confirmed a glomus tumour. The patient remains clinically stable 5 months following surgery and has experienced no tumour recurrence. Conclusion: The findings from this case suggest that the typical symptoms of a glomus tumour may be absent in some cases, and that imaging examinations can help in understanding the extent of the lesion and the involvement of adjacent structures. Moreover, pathology and immunohistochemistry are crucial to confirm the diagnosis.

scholarly journals Positioning errors of dental implants and their associations with adjacent structures and anatomical variations: A CBCT-based study

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 281
Author(s):  
Beatriz Ribeiro Ribas ◽  
Eduarda Helena Leandro Nascimento ◽  
Deborah Queiroz Freitas ◽  
Andréa dos Anjos Pontual ◽  
Maria Luiza dos Anjos Pontual ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Implants ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Positioning Errors ◽  
Adjacent Structures

scholarly journals The Anatomy and Anatomical Variations of the Round Window Prechamber and Their Implications on Cochlear Implantation: An Anatomical, Imaging, and Surgical Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (03) ◽  
pp. e288-e298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Mohamed Mehanna ◽  
Moustafa Mohamed Abdelnaby ◽  
Mohamed Eid
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implant ◽  
Cochlear Implantation ◽  
Round Window ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Oval Window ◽  
Radiological Anatomy ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
Carotid Canal ◽  
Anatomical Imaging ◽  
Adjacent Structures

Introduction Over the last decades, there has been a tremendous increase in the number of cochlear implant recipients and, consequently, there is a recent increase of interest in the proper understanding of the anatomy of the round window (RW), which is the most important anatomical land mark during cochlear implant surgery. Objectives The present study was undertaken to assess the detailed surgical and radiological anatomy of the RW prechamber; its shape, directions, measurements, common anatomic variations, and its relationships with different surrounding structures as related to cochlear implantation. Methods A total of 20 cadaveric specimens of human temporal bone were microscopically dissected for the anatomical assessment of the measurements of the RW and its relation to surrounding structures in the tympanum. A total of 20 patients were subjected to cochlear implantation, and a radiological and surgical assessment of the anatomy of their RW prechambers was performed. Results The distances between the RW and the facial canal (FC), the jugular fossa (JF), the carotid canal (CC), and the oval window (OW) were measured. Among the cases subjected to cochlear implantation, the infracochlear tunnel was studied radiologically; the lengths of the anterior and posterior pillars were assessed, and the relation with the direction at which the RW faces was statistically analyzed. Conclusions Proper understanding of the topographic anatomy of the RW, including its direction of opening and the distances from different adjacent structures in the tympanum, is essential for a successful cochlear implantation surgery, since it can help decision-making before the surgery and is useful to avoid many complications, such as misplaced electrode and iatrogenic injury to the surrounding structures.

A Cadaveric Study of Needle Insertion at Pc6 in Eight Wrists of Four Subjects and An Understanding of the Anatomy

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Joo Oh ◽  
Yee Kyoung Ko ◽  
Sa Sun Cho ◽  
Sang Pil Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Median Nerve ◽  
Clinical Importance ◽  
Acupuncture Point ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Needle Insertion ◽  
Flexor Digitorum Profundus ◽  
Pronator Quadratus ◽  
Adjacent Structures ◽  
Median Artery ◽  
Flexor Digitorum

The anatomical structures vulnerable to acupuncture around the PC6 acupuncture point were investigated. Needles were inserted in PC6 of eight wrists from four cadavers to a depth of 2 cm, the forearms were dissected and the adjacent structures around the path of the needles were observed. The needles passed between the tendons of the palmaris longus and flexor carpi radialis muscles and then penetrated the flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor digitorum profundus and pronator quadratus muscles. The inserted needles were located adjacent to the median nerve. To minimise the risk of unintended injury by acupuncture, it is recommended that needles should not be inserted deeply at the PC6 acupuncture point. An understanding of the anatomical variations of the median nerve and the persistent median artery in the forearm is of clinical importance when performing acupuncture procedures.

scholarly journals Ascendobifemoral Bypass for the Treatment of a Thoracic Endograft Infection

2017 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. e32-e34
Author(s):  
Sebastian Pleger ◽  
Nadine Nink ◽  
Andreas Böning ◽  
Ahmed Koshty
Keyword(s):  
Endovascular Procedures ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Celiac Trunk ◽  
Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair ◽  
Oral Antibiotic ◽  
Case Description ◽  
Oral Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Thoracic And Abdominal ◽  
Endograft Infection

Background Endograft infections (EIs) are rare complications after endovascular procedures in the thoracic and abdominal aortas. The challenging treatment encloses antibiotic and surgical therapies. Case Description A 74-year-old male patient developed an EI after an endovascular procedure (thoracic endovascular aortic repair [TEVAR]). Despite a long-term oral antibiotic therapy, the clinical symptoms showed no falling trend. Because of the expanded infection from above the celiac trunk up to the aortic arch, we decided to remove the infected endograft and to implant an extra-anatomic ascendobifemoral bypass. Conclusion The implantation of an ascendobifemoral bypass was a successful treatment option for EIs after TEVAR.

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