scholarly journals Ten years of evidence for the diagnostic assessment of preschoolers with prenatal alcohol exposure

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. e49-e68
Author(s):  
Ana Hanlon-Dearman ◽  
Shelley Proven ◽  
Kellsey Scheepers ◽  
Kristene Cheung ◽  
Sandra Marles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Processing ◽  
Adaptive Functioning ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Language Abilities ◽  
Developmental Impairment ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol ◽  
Adaptive Functioning Skills

The assessment of preschoolers with prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) is challenging for many diagnostic teams and clinicians. The 2016 Canadian Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) diagnostic guidelines describe the assessments recommended for individuals with PAE in various age groups. Interpretation of brain domains constituting global impairment in preschoolers is not well described in the literature, and there has been clinical reluctance to consider the interpretation of clinical assessments as definitively diagnostic in this age group. This study describes the results of 10-year retrospective clinical data of over 300 preschoolers with PAE referred to the Manitoba FASD Centre for assessment of FASD. Preschoolers who met the criteria for a diagnosis of FASD showed significantly greater global developmental impairment, compared with those with PAE alone. They also demonstrated poorer receptive and expressive language abilities when compared with preschoolers who were not diagnosed. Preschoolers with FASD were rated as having more difficulties with executive functioning skills and adaptive functioning skills, compared to their counterparts. Significant deficits were found in fine-motor, visual-motor, and components of gross-motor skills. Importantly, significant sensory processing differences are particularly evident in preschoolers and are important in understanding behavior and in intervention planning. Together, standardized assessment of motor and sensory processing skills, with a comprehensive assessment of language, are significant predictors of FASD diagnosis for preschoolers with PAE.

Effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on fine motor coordination and balance: A study of two adult samples

2006 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 744-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul D. Connor ◽  
Paul D. Sampson ◽  
Ann P. Streissguth ◽  
Fred L. Bookstein ◽  
Helen M. Barr
Keyword(s):  
Motor Coordination ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Fine Motor Coordination ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol

Behavioral Teratogenic Effects of Alcohol: Focus on Neurobehavioral Disorder Associated With Prenatal Alcohol Exposure

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren R. Doyle ◽  
Sarah N. Mattson
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Functioning ◽  
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Functional Impairments ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol

Prenatal exposure to teratogens may alter fetal development and significantly impact later life. Perhaps the best known teratogen is alcohol; prenatal alcohol exposure causes a broad range of effects that can cause lifelong impairment. Of greatest significance are the functional impairments in behavior and cognition. Recognition of these impairments led to the inclusion of the neurobehavioral disorder associated with prenatal alcohol exposure (ND-PAE) in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders under “conditions for further study.” This proposed diagnosis captures the significant neurodevelopmental and mental health impacts associated with prenatal alcohol exposure and requires impairment in neurocognitive functioning, self-regulation, and adaptive functioning. This chapter reviews clinical impacts of prenatal alcohol exposure, with particular focus on ND-PAE. Methods for comprehensively assessing fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, specifically ND-PAE, are discussed as well as preliminary evidence for implementing effective interventions with these individuals.

Prevalence and patterns of sensory processing behaviors in a large clinical sample of children with prenatal alcohol exposure

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 ◽  
pp. 103617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy L. Jirikowic ◽  
John C. Thorne ◽  
Susan A. McLaughlin ◽  
Tiffany Waddington ◽  
Adrian K.C. Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensory Processing ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol

scholarly journals Prenatal alcohol exposure is associated with early motor, but not language development in a South African cohort

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 145-152
Author(s):  
Gaironeesa Hendricks ◽  
Susan Malcolm-Smith ◽  
Dan J. Stein ◽  
Heather J. Zar ◽  
Catherine J. Wedderburn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Language Development ◽  
South African ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Fine Motor ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Prenatal Alcohol

AbstractObjective:To investigate the association of prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) and early neurodevelopment in the first 2 years of life, adjusting for maternal socio-demographic and psychosocial factors, in the Drakenstein Child Health Study (DCHS), a South African birth cohort study.Methods:The DCHS comprises a population-based birth cohort of 1143 children, of which a subsample completed the Bayley Scales of Infant Development-III (BSID-III) at 6 (n = 260) and 24 months of age (n = 734). A subset of alcohol-exposed and -unexposed children was included in this analysis at age 6 (n = 52 exposed; n = 104 unexposed) and 24 months (n = 92 exposed; n = 184 unexposed). Multiple hierarchical regression was used to explore the associations of PAE with motor and language development.Results:PAE was significantly associated with decreased gross motor [odds ratio (OR) = 0.16, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.06–0.44, p = 0.001] or fine motor (OR = 0.16, 95% CI = 0.06–0.46, p = 0.001) functioning after adjusting for maternal socio-demographic and psychosocial factors at 6 months of age only. No significant effects were found in either receptive or expressive communication and cognitive outcomes at either time points.Conclusion:PAE has potentially important consequences for motor development in the first 2 years of life, a period during which the most rapid growth and maturation occur. These findings highlight the importance of identifying high-risk families in order to provide preventive interventions, particularly in antenatal clinics and early intervention services.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document