Safety of diagnostic imaging in pregnancy. Part 1: X-ray, nuclear medicine investigations, computed tomography and contrast media

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osama Eskandar ◽  
Seumas Eckford ◽  
Tony Watkinson
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Diagnostic Imaging ◽  
Contrast Media ◽  
X Ray ◽  
In Pregnancy

scholarly journals A study on the imaging characteristics of Gold nanoparticles as a contrast agent in X-ray computed tomography

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asghar Mesbahi ◽  
Fatemeh Famouri ◽  
Mohammad Johari Ahar ◽  
Maryam Olade Ghaffari ◽  
Seyed Mostafa Ghavami
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Media ◽  
Contrast Agent ◽  
Hounsfield Unit ◽  
Ct Number ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Tube Potential ◽  
X Ray Computed

AbstractAim: In the current study, some imaging characteristics of AuNPs were quantitatively analyzed and compared with two conventional contrast media (CM) including Iodine and Gadolinium by using of a cylindrical phantom.Methods: AuNPs were synthesized with the mean diameter of 16 nm and were equalized to the concentration of 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 mg/mL in the same volumes. A cylindrical phantom resembling the head and neck was fabricated and drilled to contain small tubes filled with Iodine, Gadolinium, and AuNPs as contrast media. The phantom was scanned in different exposure techniques and CT numbers of three studied contrast media inside test tubes were measured in terms of Hounsfield Unit (HU). The imaging parameters of the noise and contrast to noise ratios (CNR) were calculated for all studied CMs.Results: AuNPs showed 128% and 166% higher CT number in comparison with Iodine and Gadolinium respectively. Also, Iodine had a greater CT number than Gadolinium for the same exposure techniques and concentration. The maximum CT number for AuNPs and studied contrast materials was obtained at the highest mAs and the lowest tube potential. The maximum CT number were 1033±11 (HU) for AuNP, 565±10 (HU) for Iodine, 458±11 for Gadolinium. Moreover, the maximum CNRs of 433±117, 203±53, 145±37 were found for AuNPs, Iodine and Gadolinium respectively.Conclusion: The contrast agent based on AuNPs showed higher imaging quality in terms of contrast and noise relative to other iodine and gadolinium based contrast media in X-ray computed tomography. Application of the AuNPs as a contrast medium in x-ray CT is recommended.

scholarly journals European Association of Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging

2017 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 445-447
Author(s):  
Karolina Naumowicz ◽  
Józef Szarek ◽  
Mariusz Zbigniew Felsmann
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Nuclear Medicine ◽  
Diagnostic Imaging ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
European Association ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
New Techniques ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Veterinary Surgeons

Diagnostic imaging is a branch of medicine that has been developing for over a century. Technological progress in this area has contributed to the emergence of new techniques such as nuclear medicine, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance. Mastering these techniques and skillfully using them requires physicians to continuously deepen their knowledge and skills. Therefore, the European Association of Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging (EAVDI) has been established to ensure that the quality of services provided by veterinary surgeons is of the highest quality.

Developments in X-Ray Contrast Media and the Potential Impact on Computed Tomography

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 592-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Schöckel ◽  
Gregor Jost ◽  
Peter Seidensticker ◽  
Philipp Lengsfeld ◽  
Petra Palkowitsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Media ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Potential Impact

scholarly journals Iodinated contrast media

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-167
Author(s):  
Sami S. Alshowiman ◽  
Abdullah H Sahrah ◽  
Ayman K. Alswailem ◽  
Saud F. Alotaibi ◽  
Abdulaziz A. ALtowaijiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Media ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Iodinated Contrast Media ◽  
Radiographic Image ◽  
Complex Molecules ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Iodinated Contrast ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Life Threatening

Contrast media are the materials utilized in radiology to improve the visualization of certain body structures subjected to analysis in a medical image. Contrast media are, then, diagnostic drugs because they increase the visibility of organs and tissues and allow the identification of details that otherwise could not be observed. With the introduction of multidetector computed tomography the number of patients undergoing contrast studies has grown exponentially in recent years. In computed tomography the formation of the radiographic image is obtained with the use of contrast media containing iodine atoms, exploiting the different attenuation that the X-ray beam presents in crossing the anatomical districts. The Iodinated Contrast Media (ICM) are a category of numerous substances formed by even complex molecules that vary considerably in their properties, uses and toxic effects. Even though iodinated contrast agents have a good safety profile, it is necessary to understand that some patients can have severe, life-threatening allergic reactions because of the side effects of the chemicals. This paper describes the clinical pharmacology, use and adverse reactions of intravenous iodinated contrast media used in computerized tomography, offering all doctors, even non-radiologists, the opportunity for rapid updating.

scholarly journals Topical Issues of Rational Use of Iodine-Containing Contrast Agents in X-Ray Diagnostics

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 255-262
Author(s):  
N. L. Shimanovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Contrast Media ◽  
Contrast Agents ◽  
Injection Pressure ◽  
Solution Viscosity ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary Interventions ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Coronary Interventions ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary

The possibilities of rational use of iodine radiopaque agents in computed tomography and percutaneous coronary interventions are considered, taking into account the route, method of their administration and the viscosity of their solutions. When fixing the rate of iodine administration and the temperature of the injected solution, the required injection pressure of the contrast media is determined by the solution viscosity.

27 The DiPEP (Diagnosis of PE in Pregnancy) study: can clinical assessment, d-dimer or chest x-ray be used to select pregnant or postpartum women with suspected PE for diagnostic imaging?

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. A878.2-A879
Author(s):  
Steve Goodacre ◽  
Kimberley Horspool ◽  
Catherine Nelson-piercy ◽  
Marian Knight ◽  
Neil Shephard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Imaging ◽  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Postpartum Women ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
D Dimer ◽  
In Pregnancy

scholarly journals TENSION GASTROTHORAX: OCCULT CHILDHOOD DIAPHRAGMATIC INJURY PRESENTING AS ACUTE EMERGENCY IN PREGNANCY

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 146-150
Author(s):  
Syed Shamshad Hussaina ◽  
Asif Khana ◽  
Farhana Yawarb ◽  
Sardar Alia ◽  
Muhammad Al Skainia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Gastric Perforation ◽  
Gastroesophageal Junction ◽  
Diaphragmatic Injury ◽  
Abdominal Pressure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Blunt Abdominal Injury ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Tension Gastrothorax ◽  
In Pregnancy

We present a case of tension gastrothorax in a 27-year-old primigravida with the complaints ofrespiratory distress. She was hypoxic and tachycardiac. The left thorax was resonant to percussion andhad no air entry. Chest X-ray was not helpful to reach the diagnosis. Later on, the tracheal deviationwas noted and thoracostomy was done. The patient aborted overnight. Greenish fluid in the chestdrain led to an investigation with computed tomography which revealed massive viscerothorax. Reviewof her history revealed that she had a blunt abdominal injury as a child. Laparotomy confirmed theabove findings along with a gastric perforation. Diaphragm and stomach were repaired,gastropexy and caecopexy was done. Occult diaphragmatic injury can complicate the pregnancy.High intra-abdominal pressure during the pregnancy can push much of abdominal contentsthrough the diaphragmatic defect. Creation of angulation at gastroesophageal junction acts as aone-way valve and thus leads to progressive dilation of the stomach, resulting in tensiongastrothorax.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Associated Pneumonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. e4-11
Author(s):  
Rashid S. Al-Umairi ◽  
Joukha Al-Kalbani ◽  
Saqar Al-Tai ◽  
Ahmed Al-Abri ◽  
Faiza Al-Kindi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Medical Imaging ◽  
Diagnostic Imaging ◽  
Chest Radiography ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
National Library ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Computed

Medical imaging, including chest radiography and computed tomography, plays a major role in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with COVID-19 associated pneumonia. This review aims to summarise current information on this topic based on the existing literature. A search of the Google Scholar (Google LLC, Mountain View, California, USA) and MEDLINE® (National Library of Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA) databases was conducted for articles published until April 2020. A total of 30 articles involving 4,002 patients were identified. The most frequently reported imaging findings were bilateral ground glass and consolidative pulmonary opacities with a predominant lower lobe and peripheral subpleural distribution.   KEYWORDS COVID-19; Viral Pneumonia; Diagnostic Imaging; X-Ray Computed Tomography; Radiography;Review.

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