Methodologies and Results Concerning the Determination of Ocs And Pcbs From Fish Meat

In the last decade, studies have been focusing on determinations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), well known for being involved in human chronic diseases. Various approaches and methodologies are used in monitoring these chemical substances in fish food chain. Therefore, their development, functionality and efficiency are vital for consumers’ protection. The aim of this paper is to review recently published analytical techniques for sample preparation in the determination of POP residues such as organochlorine compounds (OCs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Limitations and advantages of sample preparation techniques are discussed and compared so that they can facilitate the decision of future analysts upon adequate protocols in individual laboratories. A list of the most common compounds quantified nowadays is displayed. In addition, results achieved in original papers are used to briefly describe the current situation on different continents, with third world countries undergoing more pollution than the rest of the world.

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Analytical and Sample Preparation Techniques for the Determination of Food Colorants in Food Matrices

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods9010058 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 58 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Konstantina Ntrallou ◽

Helen Gika ◽

Emmanouil Tsochatzis

Keyword(s):

Sample Preparation ◽

Food Industry ◽

Analytical Techniques ◽

Food Product ◽

Food Matrix ◽

Nutritional Properties ◽

Food Colorants ◽

Food Matrices ◽

Preparation Techniques

Color additives are widely used by the food industry to enhance the appearance, as well as the nutritional properties of a food product. However, some of these substances may pose a potential risk to human health, especially if they are consumed excessively and are regulated, giving great importance to their determination. Several matrix-dependent methods have been developed and applied to determine food colorants, by employing different analytical techniques along with appropriate sample preparation protocols. Major techniques applied for their determination are chromatography with spectophotometricdetectors and spectrophotometry, while sample preparation procedures greatly depend on the food matrix. In this review these methods are presented, covering the advancements of existing methodologies applied over the last decade.

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Recent Developments in CE-MS Based Metabolomics

Current Analytical Chemistry ◽

10.2174/1573411016999200709133339 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

Author(s):

Mustafa Çelebier ◽

Merve Nenni

Keyword(s):

Sample Preparation ◽

Scientific Information ◽

Analytical Techniques ◽

Living Organism ◽

Analytical Technique ◽

Ionic Compounds ◽

Recent Sample ◽

Recent Developments ◽

Endogenous Metabolites ◽

Preparation Techniques

Background: Metabolomics has gained importance in clinical applications over the last decade. Metabolomics studies are significant because the systemic metabolome is directly affected by disease conditions. Metabolome-based biomarkers are actively being developed for early diagnosis and to indicate the stage of specific diseases. Additionally, understanding the effect of an intervention on a living organism at the molecular level is a crucial strategy for understanding novel or unexpected biological processes. Results: The simultaneous improvements in advanced analytical techniques, sample preparation techniques, computer technology, and databank contents has enabled more valuable scientific information to be gained from metabolomics than ever before. With over 15,000 known endogenous metabolites, there is no single analytical technique capable of analyzing the whole metabolome. However, capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (CE-MS) is a unique technique used to analyze an important portion of metabolites not accessible by liquid chromatography or gas chromatography techniques. The analytical capability of CE, combined with recent sample preparation techniques focused on extracting polar-ionic compounds, make CE-MS a perfect technique for metabolomic studies. Conclusion: Here, previous reviews of CE-MS based metabolomics are evaluated to highlight recent improvements in this technique. Specifically, we review papers from the last two years (2018 and 2019) on CE-MS based metabolomics. The current situation and the challenges facing metabolomic studies are discussed to reveal the high potential of CE-MS for further studies, especially in biomarker development studies.

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Sample preparation and analytical techniques for determination of polyaromatic hydrocarbons in soils

International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology ◽

10.1007/bf03325887 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 275-286 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Z. Khan ◽

J. Troquet ◽

C. Vachelard

Keyword(s):

Sample Preparation ◽

Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons ◽

Analytical Techniques ◽

Hydrocarbons In Soils

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Comparison of Three Sample Preparation Techniques for Determination of Organic Bromide and Chloride in Halogenated Lipids by X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy

Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL ◽

10.1093/jaoac/63.4.709 ◽

1980 ◽

Vol 63 (4) ◽

pp. 709-712

Author(s):

Henry B S Conacher ◽

Rajinder K Chadha ◽

Gladys Lacroix

Keyword(s):

Thin Film ◽

Sample Preparation ◽

Fluorescence Spectroscopy ◽

Vegetable Oils ◽

X Ray ◽

Thin Film Technique ◽

High Concentrations ◽

Preparation Techniques

Abstract Three sample preparation techniques—thin-film, solution, and cellulose pellet—were applied to the determination of bromide in brominated lipids by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. Using brominated vegetable oils of known bromide content it was demonstrated that the thin-film technique could result in erroneously high bromide contents, which could also vary with the amount of oil applied, depending on the solvent used. As solutions in hexane, slightly high bromide contents were observed at high concentrations. With the cellulose pellets, bromide contents similar to known values were observed. It was concluded that the cellulose pellet procedure, although more time consuming, and less convenient for ready recovery of sample, was the most suitable for organic bromide determination. Similar results were indicated for chlorinated oils.

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