Recent Developments in CE-MS Based Metabolomics

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Çelebier ◽  
Merve Nenni
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Living Organism ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Ionic Compounds ◽  
Recent Sample ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Endogenous Metabolites ◽  
Preparation Techniques

Background: Metabolomics has gained importance in clinical applications over the last decade. Metabolomics studies are significant because the systemic metabolome is directly affected by disease conditions. Metabolome-based biomarkers are actively being developed for early diagnosis and to indicate the stage of specific diseases. Additionally, understanding the effect of an intervention on a living organism at the molecular level is a crucial strategy for understanding novel or unexpected biological processes. Results: The simultaneous improvements in advanced analytical techniques, sample preparation techniques, computer technology, and databank contents has enabled more valuable scientific information to be gained from metabolomics than ever before. With over 15,000 known endogenous metabolites, there is no single analytical technique capable of analyzing the whole metabolome. However, capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (CE-MS) is a unique technique used to analyze an important portion of metabolites not accessible by liquid chromatography or gas chromatography techniques. The analytical capability of CE, combined with recent sample preparation techniques focused on extracting polar-ionic compounds, make CE-MS a perfect technique for metabolomic studies. Conclusion: Here, previous reviews of CE-MS based metabolomics are evaluated to highlight recent improvements in this technique. Specifically, we review papers from the last two years (2018 and 2019) on CE-MS based metabolomics. The current situation and the challenges facing metabolomic studies are discussed to reveal the high potential of CE-MS for further studies, especially in biomarker development studies.

scholarly journals Analytical and Sample Preparation Techniques for the Determination of Food Colorants in Food Matrices

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantina Ntrallou ◽  
Helen Gika ◽  
Emmanouil Tsochatzis
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Food Matrix ◽  
Nutritional Properties ◽  
Food Colorants ◽  
Food Matrices ◽  
Preparation Techniques

Color additives are widely used by the food industry to enhance the appearance, as well as the nutritional properties of a food product. However, some of these substances may pose a potential risk to human health, especially if they are consumed excessively and are regulated, giving great importance to their determination. Several matrix-dependent methods have been developed and applied to determine food colorants, by employing different analytical techniques along with appropriate sample preparation protocols. Major techniques applied for their determination are chromatography with spectophotometricdetectors and spectrophotometry, while sample preparation procedures greatly depend on the food matrix. In this review these methods are presented, covering the advancements of existing methodologies applied over the last decade.

scholarly journals Preparation of Tissues and Heterogeneous Cellular Samples for Single-Cell Analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Celeste Welch ◽  
Anubhav Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Single Cell Analysis ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Cell Analysis ◽  
Processing Times ◽  
Tissue Dissociation ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Preparation Techniques

While sample preparation techniques for the chemical and biochemical analysis of tissues are fairly well advanced, the preparation of complex, heterogenous samples for single-cell analysis can be difficult and challenging. Nevertheless, there is growing interest in preparing complex cellular samples, particularly tissues, for analysis via single-cell resolution techniques such as single-cell sequencing or flow cytometry. Recent microfluidic tissue dissociation approaches have helped to expedite the preparation of single cells from tissues through the use of optimized, controlled mechanical forces. Cell sorting and selective cellular recovery from heterogenous samples have also gained traction in biosensors, microfluidic systems, and other diagnostic devices. Together, these recent developments in tissue disaggregation and targeted cellular retrieval have contributed to the development of increasingly streamlined sample preparation workflows for single-cell analysis technologies, which minimize equipment requirements, enable lower processing times and costs, and pave the way for high-throughput, automated technologies. In this chapter, we survey recent developments and emerging trends in this field.

scholarly journals Neuropeptidomics: Improvements in Mass Spectrometry Imaging Analysis and Recent Advancements

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nhu Q. Vu ◽  
Kellen DeLaney ◽  
Lingjun Li
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Mass Spectrometry Imaging ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Model Organisms ◽  
Preparation Technique ◽  
Single Experiment ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Msi Analysis

: Neuropeptides are an important class of endogenous peptides in the nervous system that regulate physiological functions such as feeding, glucose homeostasis, pain, memory, reproduction, and many others. In order to understand the functional role of neuropeptides in diseases or disorders, studies investigating their dysregulation in terms of changes in abundance and localization must be carried out. Because multiple neuropeptides are believed to play a functional role in each physiological process, techniques capable of globally profiling multiple neuropeptides simultaneously are desired. Mass spectrometry is well-suited for this goal due to its ability to perform untargeted measurements without prior comprehensive knowledge of the analytes of interest. Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is particularly useful because it has the capability to image a large variety of peptides in a single experiment without labeling. Like all analytical techniques, careful sample preparation is critical to successful MSI analysis. The first half of this review focuses on recent developments in MSI sample preparation and instrumentation for analyzing neuropeptides and other biomolecules in which the sample preparation technique may be directly applicable for neuropeptide analysis. The benefit offered by incorporating these techniques is shown as improvement in number of observable neuropeptides, enhanced signal to noise, increased spatial resolution, or a combination of these aspects. The second half of this review focuses on recent biological discoveries about neuropeptides resulting from these improvements in MSI analysis. The recent progress in neuropeptide detection and analysis methods, including incorporation of various tissue washes, matrices, instruments, ionization sources, and computation approaches combined with the advancements in understanding neuropeptide function in a variety of model organisms indicates potential for the utilization of MSI analysis of neuropeptides in clinical settings.

LC-MS TECHNIQUE & ITS METABOLOMIC BASED APPROACHES IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

2021 ◽  
pp. 211-216
Author(s):  
Juhi U. Bandre ◽  
Puja R. Basule ◽  
Atul T. Hemke ◽  
Milind J.Umekar
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Cell Tissue ◽  
Target Analytes ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Complete Set ◽  
Endogenous Metabolites ◽  
Good Coverage

The metabolome is the complete set of metabolites found during a biological cell, tissue, organ or organism, representing the end product of cellular processes. Metabolomics is rising platform that enables one to research global endogenous metabolites with low molecular weight in biological systems. On the other hand, an acceptance of various analytical technique is predicated on procedures with successfully carried out for completely different types of metabolites on which Liquid chromatography (LC) in combination with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) has enjoyed a growing quality. LC-MS is the best platform for metabolomic studies because of its glorious sensitivity, resolution, high throughput, soft ionization, and good coverage of metabolites. Also, an ability that can accurately and precisely discriminate target analytes from high complexity mixtures in a sensitive and selective way. In this review article we have discussed an omics and its different types, mainly focused on metabolomics and various application of metabolomics using LC-MS analytical technique. Here we collected all information regarding applications of metabolomics known by LC-MS. Highlight necessary pit falls in the process of metabolomics using LC-MS techniques and address multiple advantages of implementing LC-MS technique over another analytical techniques for metabolomics during a varied approaches.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF UV-VISIBLE SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD FOR ANALYSIS OF BOSENTAN IN SPIKED HUMAN PLASMA

2019 ◽  
pp. 108-110
Author(s):  
BHAVYA SRI K. ◽  
MOUNIKA C. H.
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Human Plasma ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Sample Preparation Method ◽  
Spiked Human Plasma ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Development And Validation

Objective: The aim of the present study is to develop and validate a simple, efficient, economical and accurate UV-visible spectrophotometric method for estimation of bosentan in spiked human plasma. Methods: The analyte was extracted by Liquid-liquid Extraction (LLE) procedure using acetonitrile and chloroform. Absorbance of the analyte in the extract was measured at 270 nm using ethanol as a diluent. The developed method was validated for linearity, accuracy and robustness. Results: The proposed method was found to be linear in the range of 6 to 18 mg/ml. The correlation coefficient (r2) was found to be 0.99. The results revealed that the linearity, accuracy and robustness of the developed method were within the acceptable range. Conclusion: The analytical technique presented here demonstrates shorter and easier sample preparation method, decreased analysis time and reduces the need for complicated or expensive equipment. The sample preparation method used in this study can also be further extended to higherend analytical techniques and other biological samples for quantification of bosentan.

scholarly journals Methodologies and Results Concerning the Determination of Ocs And Pcbs From Fish Meat

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Ana-Andreea CIOCA ◽  
Olaf HEEMKEN ◽  
Liora Mihaela COLOBATIU ◽  
Marian MIHAIU
Keyword(s):  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Food Chain ◽  
Third World ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Fish Food ◽  
Chemical Substances ◽  
Fish Meat ◽  
The World ◽  
Preparation Techniques

In the last decade, studies have been focusing on determinations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), well known for being involved in human chronic diseases. Various approaches and methodologies are used in monitoring these chemical substances in fish food chain. Therefore, their development, functionality and efficiency are vital for consumers’ protection. The aim of this paper is to review recently published analytical techniques for sample preparation in the determination of POP residues such as organochlorine compounds (OCs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Limitations and advantages of sample preparation techniques are discussed and compared so that they can facilitate the decision of future analysts upon adequate protocols in individual laboratories. A list of the most common compounds quantified nowadays is displayed. In addition, results achieved in original papers are used to briefly describe the current situation on different continents, with third world countries undergoing more pollution than the rest of the world.

Trends in Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 228-229
Author(s):  
C. Colliex ◽  
P. Trebbia
Keyword(s):  
Energy Loss ◽  
Electron Energy ◽  
Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Electron Energy Loss ◽  
Primary Electrons

The physical foundations for the use of electron energy loss spectroscopy towards analytical purposes, seem now rather well established and have been extensively discussed through recent publications. In this brief review we intend only to mention most recent developments in this field, which became available to our knowledge. We derive also some lines of discussion to define more clearly the limits of this analytical technique in materials science problems.The spectral information carried in both low ( 0<ΔE<100eV ) and high ( >100eV ) energy regions of the loss spectrum, is capable to provide quantitative results. Spectrometers have therefore been designed to work with all kinds of electron microscopes and to cover large energy ranges for the detection of inelastically scattered electrons (for instance the L-edge of molybdenum at 2500eV has been measured by van Zuylen with primary electrons of 80 kV). It is rather easy to fix a post-specimen magnetic optics on a STEM, but Crewe has recently underlined that great care should be devoted to optimize the collecting power and the energy resolution of the whole system.

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