scholarly journals Finding the Minimum Number of Open-Edge Guards in an Orthogonal Polygon is NP-Hard

2017 ◽  
Vol E100.D (7) ◽  
pp. 1521-1525
Author(s):  
Chuzo IWAMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Np Hard ◽  
Orthogonal Polygon ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Open Edge

OPTIMAL BINARY SPACE PARTITIONS FOR SEGMENTS IN THE PLANE

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (03) ◽  
pp. 187-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARK DE BERG ◽  
AMIRALI KHOSRAVI
Keyword(s):  
Recursive Partitioning ◽  
Np Hard ◽  
Line Segments ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Disjoint Line

An optimal BSP for a set S of disjoint line segments in the plane is a BSP for S that produces the minimum number of cuts. We study optimal BSPs for three classes of BSPs, which differ in the splitting lines that can be used when partitioning a set of fragments in the recursive partitioning process: free BSPs can use any splitting line, restricted BSPs can only use splitting lines through pairs of fragment endpoints, and auto-partitions can only use splitting lines containing a fragment. We obtain the following two results: • It is NP-hard to decide whether a given set of segments admits an auto-partition that does not make any cuts. • An optimal restricted BSP makes at most 2 times as many cuts as an optimal free BSP for the same set of segments.

APPROXIMATING POLYGONS AND SUBDIVISIONS WITH MINIMUM-LINK PATHS

1993 ◽  
Vol 03 (04) ◽  
pp. 383-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
LEONIDAS J. GUIBAS ◽  
JOHN E. HERSHBERGER ◽  
JOSEPH S.B. MITCHELL ◽  
JACK SCOTT SNOEYINK
Keyword(s):  
Greedy Algorithms ◽  
Np Hard ◽  
Basic Approach ◽  
Line Segments ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Polygonal Chains ◽  
The Given ◽  
Plane Polygon

We study several variations on one basic approach to the task of simplifying a plane polygon or subdivision: Fatten the given object and construct an approximation inside the fattened region. We investigate fattening by convolving the segments or vertices with disks and attempt to approximate objects with the minimum number of line segments, or with near the minimum, by using efficient greedy algorithms. We give some variants that have linear or O(n log n) algorithms approximating polygonal chains of n segments. We also show that approximating subdivisions and approximating with chains with. no self-intersections are NP-hard.

scholarly journals ON SPANNERS OF GEOMETRIC GRAPHS

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (01) ◽  
pp. 135-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOACHIM GUDMUNDSSON ◽  
MICHIEL SMID
Keyword(s):  
Real Number ◽  
Upper Bound ◽  
Weighted Graph ◽  
Geometric Graph ◽  
Geometric Graphs ◽  
Np Hard ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Np Hardness

Given a connected geometric graph G, we consider the problem of constructing a t-spanner of G having the minimum number of edges. We prove that for every real number t with [Formula: see text], there exists a connected geometric graph G with n vertices, such that every t-spanner of G contains Ω(n1+1/t) edges. This bound almost matches the known upper bound, which states that every connected weighted graph with n vertices contains a t-spanner with O(n1+2/(t-1)) edges. We also prove that the problem of deciding whether a given geometric graph contains a t-spanner with at most K edges is NP-hard. Previously, this NP-hardness result was only known for non-geometric graphs.

A POLYNOMIAL-TIME ALGORITHM FOR COMPUTING THE RESILIENCE OF ARRANGEMENTS OF RAY SENSORS

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (03) ◽  
pp. 225-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID KIRKPATRICK ◽  
BOTING YANG ◽  
SANDRA ZILLES
Keyword(s):  
Polynomial Time ◽  
Linear Time ◽  
Polynomial Time Algorithm ◽  
Time Algorithm ◽  
The Other ◽  
Np Hard ◽  
Sensor Coverage ◽  
Entire Plane ◽  
Line Segments ◽  
Minimum Number

Given an arrangement A of n sensors and two points s and t in the plane, the barrier resilience of A with respect to s and t is the minimum number of sensors whose removal permits a path from s to t such that the path does not intersect the coverage region of any sensor in A. When the surveillance domain is the entire plane and sensor coverage regions are unit line segments, even with restricted orientations, the problem of determining the barrier resilience is known to be NP-hard. On the other hand, if sensor coverage regions are arbitrary lines, the problem has a trivial linear time solution. In this paper, we study the case where each sensor coverage region is an arbitrary ray, and give an O(n2m) time algorithm for computing the barrier resilience when there are m ⩾ 1 sensor intersections.

HEURISTICS FOR THE TRANSPOSITION DISTANCE PROBLEM

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (05) ◽  
pp. 1350013 ◽  
Author(s):  
ULISSES DIAS ◽  
ZANONI DIAS
Keyword(s):  
Information Retrieval ◽  
Approximation Algorithm ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Hard Problem ◽  
Np Hard ◽  
String Processing ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Np Hard Problem ◽  
Distance Problem

Transpositions are large-scale mutational events that occur when a block of genes moves from a region of a chromosome to another region within the same chromosome. The transposition distance problem is the minimum number of transpositions required to transform one genome into another. Recently, Bulteau et al. [Bulteau L, Fertin G, Rusu U, Automata, Languages and Programming, Vol. 6755 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pp. 654–665, Springer Berlin, Heidelberg, 2011] proved that finding the transposition distance is a NP-Hard problem. Some approximation algorithm for this problem have been presented to date [Bafna V, Pevzner PA, SIAM J Discr Math11(2):224–240, 1998; Elias I, Hartman T, IEEE/ACM Trans Comput Biol Bioinform3(4):369–379, 2006; Mira CVG, Dias Z, Santos HP, Pinto GA, Walter ME, Proc 3rd Brazilian Symp Bioinformatics (BSB'2008), pp. 115–126, Santo André, Brazil, 2008; Walter MEMT, Dias Z, Meidanis J, Proc String Processing and Information Retrieval (SPIRE'2000), pp. 199–208, Coruña, Spain, 2000]. Here we focus on developing heuristics to provide an improved approximated solution. Our approach outperforms other algorithms on small sized permutations. We also show that our algorithm keeps the good performance on longer permutations.

scholarly journals Minimum survivable graphs with bounded distance increase

2003 ◽  
Vol Vol. 6 no. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selma Djelloul ◽  
Mekkia Kouider
Keyword(s):  
Fault Tolerance ◽  
Lower Bounds ◽  
Interconnection Networks ◽  
Negative Integer ◽  
Upper And Lower Bounds ◽  
Minimum Size ◽  
Np Hard ◽  
Bounded Distance ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
International Audience

International audience We study in graphs properties related to fault-tolerance in case a node fails. A graph G is k-self-repairing, where k is a non-negative integer, if after the removal of any vertex no distance in the surviving graph increases by more than k. In the design of interconnection networks such graphs guarantee good fault-tolerance properties. We give upper and lower bounds on the minimum number of edges of a k-self-repairing graph for prescribed k and n, where n is the order of the graph. We prove that the problem of finding, in a k-self-repairing graph, a spanning k-self-repairing subgraph of minimum size is NP-Hard.

OPTIMUM GUARD COVERS AND m-WATCHMEN ROUTES FOR RESTRICTED POLYGONS

1993 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 85-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
SVANTE CARLSSON ◽  
BENGT J. NILSSON ◽  
SIMEON NTAFOS
Keyword(s):  
Linear Time ◽  
Time Algorithm ◽  
Linear Time Algorithm ◽  
Np Hard ◽  
Art Gallery ◽  
Art Galleries ◽  
Art Gallery Problem ◽  
Natural Connection ◽  
Route Problem ◽  
Minimum Number

A watchman, in the terminology of art galleries, is a mobile guard. We consider several watchman and guard problems for different classes of polygons. We introduce the notion of vision spans along a path or route which provide a natural connection between the art gallery problem, the m-watchmen routes problem and the watchman route problem. We prove that finding the minimum number of vision points, i.e., static guards, along a shortest watchman route is NP-hard. We provide a linear time algorithm to compute the best set of static guards in a histogram polygon. The m-watchmen routes problem, minimize total length of routes for m watchmen, is NP-hard for simple polygons. We give a Θ(n3+n2m2)-time algorithm to compute the best set of m watchmen in a histogram.

scholarly journals Art Gallery Problem with Rook and Queen Vision

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 621-642
Author(s):  
Hannah Alpert ◽  
Érika Roldán
Keyword(s):  
Np Hard ◽  
Art Gallery ◽  
Bipartite Matching ◽  
Art Gallery Problem ◽  
Square Grid ◽  
Minimum Number

AbstractHow many chess rooks or queens does it take to guard all squares of a given polyomino, the union of square tiles from a square grid? This question is a version of the art gallery problem in which the guards can “see” whichever squares the rook or queen attacks. We show that $$\lfloor {\frac{n}{2}} \rfloor $$ ⌊ n 2 ⌋ rooks or $$\lfloor {\frac{n}{3}} \rfloor $$ ⌊ n 3 ⌋ queens are sufficient and sometimes necessary to guard a polyomino with n tiles. We then prove that finding the minimum number of rooks or queens needed to guard a polyomino is NP-hard. These results also apply to d-dimensional rooks and queens on d-dimensional polycubes. Finally, we use bipartite matching theorems to describe sets of non-attacking rooks on polyominoes.

The Deletion-Insertion model applied to the genome rearrangement problem

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Abra Brisbin ◽  
Manda Riehl ◽  
Noah Williams
Keyword(s):  
Polynomial Time ◽  
Genome Rearrangement ◽  
Polynomial Time Algorithm ◽  
Time Algorithm ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Permutation Statistics ◽  
Np Hard ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Linear Chromosomes

Abstract Permutations are frequently used in solving the genome rearrangement problem, whose goal is finding the shortest sequence of mutations transforming one genome into another. We introduce the Deletion-Insertion model (DI) to model small-scale mutations in species with linear chromosomes, such as humans. Applying one restriction to this model, we obtain the transposition model for genome rearrangement, which was shown to be NP-hard in [4]. We use combinatorial reasoning and permutation statistics to develop a polynomial-time algorithm to approximate the minimum number of transpositions required in the transposition model and to analyze the sharpness of several bounds on transpositions between genomes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document