Effects of acute exercise in the sitting position on executive function evaluated by the Stroop task in healthy older adults

Research on the acute effects of exercise on cognitive performance by older adults is limited by a focus on nonhealthy populations. Furthermore, the duration of cognitive improvements after exercise has not been examined. Thus, this study was designed to test the immediate and delayed effects of acute exercise on cognitive performance of healthy older adults. Cognitive performance was assessed using the Stroop task. Participants were randomly assigned to an exercise (20 min of walking) or control (sitting quietly) condition. The Stroop task was administered at baseline and at 12 time points after treatment. Acute exercise resulted in better Stroop test performance immediately postexercise; however, the effects were limited to the color test. No effects of exercise on performance were observed for the Stroop interference or inhibition tests. Findings suggest that acute exercise performed by healthy older adults has short-term benefits for speed of processing but does not affect other types of cognitive functioning.

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Caudate Volume Mediates the Interaction between Total Sleep Time and Executive Function after Acute Exercise in Healthy Older Adults

Brain Plasticity ◽

10.3233/bpl-190087 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 69-82 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Junyeon Won ◽

Alfonso J. Alfini ◽

Lauren R. Weiss ◽

Casandra C. Nyhuis ◽

Adam P. Spira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Executive Function ◽

Acute Exercise ◽

Total Sleep Time ◽

Sleep Time ◽

Healthy Older Adults

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Evaluation of Episodic and Lexical Metamemory and Executive Function in Healthy Older Adults

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igab046.2618 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 704-705

Author(s):

Atsuko Hayashi

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Executive Function ◽

Episodic Memory ◽

Stroop Task ◽

Memory Performance ◽

Memory Task ◽

Lexical Memory ◽

Healthy Older Adults ◽

Self Evaluation ◽

Age Related

Abstract In older adults, it is important to maintain awareness of memory as well as memory performance. However, it is not clear whether the awareness of episodic and lexical memory changes with age and is related to self-evaluation of memory and executive function. Here age-related changes and the relationship between metamemory, executive function, and metamemory scale were investigated. Healthy old (n=40) and young (n=34) groups participated in this study. In the episodic memory task, participants were asked to memorize ten Kanji words and to estimate the number of words they could recall after ten minutes. In the lexical memory task, they rated the likelihood that they could write a target Kanji word written in hiragana and then wrote them down. They were also asked to complete the metamemory in adulthood(MIA) and the position stroop task. In the episodic and lexical memory and the position stroop task and MIA subscales, the performances of the younger group were significantly better than those of the older group. In the episodic memory task, there were correlations between the metamemory and MIA subscales in both groups, but in the lexical memory task, only in the old group. No correlation was found between the results of both memory tasks and the stroop test. These results suggest that older people overestimate memory performances in the episodic and lexical memory tasks and metamemory performances may be associated with self-evaluation of memory. In addition, metamemory might not be related to frontal lobe function as shown in executive function tasks.

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Exploring the effects of reminiscence therapy on memory, executive function, and mood in healthy older adults

10.26226/morressier.5b31ec3d2afeeb001345b628 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Andrew Allen ◽

Dr Richard Roche ◽

Caoilainn Doyle

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Executive Function ◽

Healthy Older Adults ◽

Reminiscence Therapy

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The impact of acute exercise on cognitive function in healthy older adults

Physiotherapy ◽

10.1016/j.physio.2015.03.631 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 101 ◽

pp. e402-e403

Author(s):

J. Fortune ◽

I. Robertson ◽

A. Kelly ◽

J. Hussey

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Acute Exercise ◽

Healthy Older Adults ◽

The Impact

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High-Intensity Interval Training Improves Cognitive Flexibility in Older Adults

Brain Sciences ◽

10.3390/brainsci10110796 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 796

Author(s):

Said Mekari ◽

Heather F. Neyedli ◽

Sarah Fraser ◽

Myles W. O’Brien ◽

Ricardo Martins ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Executive Function ◽

Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽

Cognitive Flexibility ◽

Stroop Task ◽

Interval Training ◽

Moderate Intensity ◽

High Intensity Interval Training ◽

Continuous Training ◽

High Intensity Interval

Introduction: Regular aerobic exercise is associated with better executive function in older adults. It is unclear if high-intensity-interval-training (HIIT) elicits moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) or resistance training (RT). We hypothesized that HIIT would augment executive function more than MICT and RT. Methods: Sixty-nine older adults (age: 68 ± 7 years) performed six weeks (three days/week) of HIIT (2 × 20 min bouts alternating between 15 s intervals at 100% of peak power output (PPO) and passive recovery (0% PPO); n = 24), MICT (34 min at 60% PPO; n = 19), or whole-body RT (eight exercise superior improvements in executive function of older adults than moderate-intensity-continuous-training, 2 × 10 repetitions; n = 26). Cardiorespiratory fitness (i.e., V˙O2max) and executive function were assessed before and after each intervention via a progressive maximal cycle ergometer protocol and the Stroop Task, respectively. Results: The V˙O2max findings revealed a significant group by time interaction (p = 0.001) in which all groups improved following training, but HIIT and MICT improved more than RT. From pre- to post-training, no interaction in the naming condition of the Stroop Task was observed (p > 0.10). However, interaction from pre- to post-training by group was observed, and only the HIIT group exhibited a faster reaction time (from 1250 ± 50 to 1100 ± 50 ms; p < 0.001) in switching (cognitive flexibility). Conclusion: Despite similar improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness, HIIT, but not MICT nor RT, enhanced cognitive flexibility in older adults. Exercise programs should consider using HIIT protocols in an effort to combat cognitive decline in older adults.

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