scholarly journals Chilling requirement of four peach cultivars estimated by changes in flower bud weights

Revista CERES ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-30
Author(s):  
Chaiane Govea Milech ◽  
Maximiliano Dini ◽  
Rodrigo Cezar Franzon ◽  
Maria do Carmo Bassols Raseira
Keyword(s):  
Chilling Requirement ◽  
Flower Bud

scholarly journals Phenotypic Evaluation of a Hybrid Diploid Blueberry Population for Plant Development and Fruit Quality Traits

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1067
Author(s):  
Lisa J. Rowland ◽  
Elizabeth L. Ogden ◽  
Bryan T. Vinyard
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Chilling Requirement ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Fruit Quality Traits ◽  
Highly Correlated

A diploid blueberry mapping population, used previously to map quantitative trait loci (QTL) for chilling requirement and cold hardiness, was evaluated for several plant development and fruit quality traits. Specifically, the population was phenotyped in a greenhouse for timing of various stages of flower bud, leaf bud and fruit development and for fruit quality traits including weight, diameter, color, scar, firmness, flavor and soluble solids. Phenotypic data was analyzed statistically by analysis of variance, correlation tests, to examine associations of traits, and heritability. Results indicated that the traits were segregating and most were distributed normally in the population. Many of the development traits were correlated, and timing of shoot expansion, early bloom and full bloom was also correlated with the previously evaluated trait of chilling requirement. Some correlations were found among the fruit quality traits as well. For example, weight was highly correlated with diameter, and subjectively measured firmness was moderately correlated with one of the objectively measured firmness traits. In addition, most of the traits showed significant variation across genotypes and across years, and most had moderate to high heritability. Therefore, we conclude that the diploid population should be useful for identifying QTL for many of these traits.

scholarly journals The genome of low-chill Chinese plum ‘Sanyueli’ (Prunus salicina Lindl.) provides insights into the regulation of the chilling requirement of flower buds

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi-Zhen Fang ◽  
Kui Lin-Wang ◽  
He Dai ◽  
Dan-Rong Zhou ◽  
Cui-Cui Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Sequence ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Molecular Breeding ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Bud Break ◽  
Chilling Requirement ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
Prunus Salicina

AbstractChinese plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.) is a stone fruit that belongs to the Prunus genus and plays an important role in the global production of plum. In this study, we report the genome sequence of the Chinese plum ‘Sanyueli’, which is known to have a low-chill requirement for flower bud break. The assembled genome size was 308.06 Mb, with a contig N50 of 815.7 kb. A total of 30,159 protein-coding genes were predicted from the genome and 56.4% (173.39 Mb) of the genome was annotated as repetitive sequence. Bud dormancy is influenced by chilling requirement in plum and partly controlled by DORMANCY ASSOCIATED MADS-box (DAM) genes. Six tandemly arrayed PsDAM genes were identified in the assembled genome. Sequence analysis of PsDAM6 in ‘Sanyueli’revealed the presence of large insertions in the intron and exon regions. Transcriptome analysis indicated that the expression of PsDAM6 in the dormant flower buds of ‘Sanyueli’ was significantly lower than that in the dormant flower buds of the high chill requiring ‘Furongli’ plum. In addition, the expression of PsDAM6 was repressed by chilling treatment. The genome sequence of ‘Sanyueli’ plum provides a valuable resource for elucidating the molecular mechanisms responsible for the regulation of chilling requirements, and is also useful for the identification of the genes involved in the control of other important agronomic traits and molecular breeding in plum.

scholarly journals 276 Fall Ethephon Applications Delay Bloom of `Climax' Blueberry

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 438F-438
Author(s):  
Gerard Krewer ◽  
D. Scott NeSmith ◽  
Ben Mullinix
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Chilling Requirement ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Berry Weight ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ethephon Treatment

`Climax' blueberry is a major cultivar in Georgia, but because of its excessively low chilling requirement and early blooming habit, it has a poor cropping history in recent years due to spring freezes. Research was initiated to explore the potential for ethephon to delay bloom, without delaying ripening too much. In 1997-1998 a treatment of 200 ppm ethephon applied on 3 Nov. or 400 ppm applied on 17 Nov. delayed bloom 5 to 7 days compared to the control. There was no significant difference between the control and the ethephon treatment in flower bud density or fruit density in the spring. In 1998-1999 ethephon applications at 200 and 400 ppm were applied once or twice 2 weeks apart starting on 5 Oct. and ending 19 Nov. A bloom delay of about 7 days was achieved with most ethephon applications. However, an application of 400 ppm on 19 Oct. and 2 Nov. delayed bloom about 14 days compared to the control. There was a trend toward delayed fruit ripening with the most-effective bloom delay treatments, but the extent of delayed ripening was minimal. Berry weight was not effected by ethephon treatments.

scholarly journals Comparison of Chilling Requirement in `Ta Tao' Budded Peach Trees by Shoot Forcing

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 562A-562
Author(s):  
P.G. Gibson ◽  
G.L. Reighard
Keyword(s):  
Chilling Requirement ◽  
Crna Probe ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Bud Emergence ◽  
Growing Degree Hours ◽  
Dormant Season ◽  
Probe Hybridization ◽  
Shoot Forcing ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Peach Trees

Peach trees exposed to `Ta Tao' vegetative chip bud grafts have been shown to have physiological changes that include bloom delay, delayed maturity, reduced shoot vigor, and early autumn defoliation. `Ta Tao' is known to be infected with the graft transmissible agent Peach Latent Mosaic Viroid (PLMVd). PLMVd has been associated with bloom delay and reduced shoot vigor. `Coronet' peach trees planted in a high-density, Y-trained orchard system were treated with vegetative chip buds from `Ta Tao'. Transmission of PLMVd was confirmed in the treated trees by cRNA probe hybridization. A shoot forcing study was set up to determine if exposure to `Ta Tao' would alter the chilling requirement of `Coronet' peach. Terminal fruiting shoots were collected periodically during the dormant season from 8 Jan. 1999 to 19 Feb. 1999, which represented a range of chill hour accumulation from 574 to 927, respectively. Shoots were forced in a greenhouse, and chilling requirement was considered complete when 50% of the flowers opened. Chilling requirement was not changed by exposure to `Ta Tao' chip buds. The number of days required for shoots to bloom was significantly and consistently longer for the `Ta Tao' treated trees. The number of shoots responding to forcing conditions was significantly less in the treated trees. The data suggest that the graft transmissible effects from `Ta Tao' buds increased the growing degree hours required for `Coronet' leaf and flower bud emergence after rest completion under greenhouse forcing conditions.

The influence of sampling from different canopy positions on the evaluation of flower bud anomalies and dormancy in apricot (Prunus armeniacaL.)

Fruits ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaella Viti ◽  
Susanna Bartolini ◽  
Rolando Guerriero
Keyword(s):  
Flower Bud

Blossom Thinning in Pome and Stone Fruit

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 553b-553
Author(s):  
Esmaeil Fallahi
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Size ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Flower Bud ◽  
Hydrogen Cyanamide ◽  
Ammonium Thiosulfate ◽  
The Past ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
Ortho Cresol ◽  
Bud Initiation

Early thinning of apples is important because of its impact on fruit size and next season's flower bud initiation. In the past, apple cultivars were often sprayed with the blossom thinner sodium dinitro-ortho-cresol(Elgetol) during full bloom, followed by a post-bloom application of a fruit thinner such as carbaryl with or without naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). Elgetol was removed from the market in 1989 because of the high cost of re-registration. Full-bloom sprays of sulfcarbamide (Wilthin), pelargonic acid (Thinex), and endothalic acid (Endothal), ammonium thiosulfate (ATS) or petal fall spray of carbaryl (Sevin XLR Plus) were developed as replacements for Elgetol. Hydrogen cyanamide (HC) and other chemicals have been used to eliminate or to reduce chilling requirements of peaches grown under the warm desert conditions. HC applied at “pink bloom” stage was observed to reduce the number of open blooms in `Florda Prince' peach; therefore, it was first used for blossom thinning in this cultivar in Arizona. Later, HC was also found to be an effective blossom thinner for plums in Idaho. HC has recently been found to effectively thin apple and peach blossoms. Armothin has also been an effective blossom thinner for peach in California.

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