scholarly journals Boulevard to broken dreams, Part 1: the Polonoroeste road project in the Brazilian Amazon, and the World Bank's environmental and indigenous peoples' norms

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 214-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT H. WADE
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Us Congress ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Road Project ◽  
The Government

ABSTRACT Before the mid 1980s the World Bank conceived "nature" as something to be "conquered" and "environment" as a source of resources for "development". By the late 1980s the Bank incorporated norms of environmental sustainability and indigenous peoples' protection into its mandate, and other development-oriented IOs followed. This two-part paper describes how a fight over the Polonoroeste road project in the Brazilian Amazon - inside the Bank, between the Bank and NGOs supported by the US Congress, and between the Bank and the government of Brazil -helped to generate the far-reaching change of policy norms. The first part describes how the project was designed as an innovation in sustainable development in rainforests; and how it provoked a firestorm inside the Bank as it moved towards project approval.

scholarly journals Boulevard to broken dreams, Part 2: Implementation of the Polonoroeste road project in the Brazilian Amazon, and the World Bank's response to the gathering storm

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 646-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT H. WADE
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Environmental Ngos ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Operational Policies ◽  
The World ◽  
Road Project ◽  
History Of

ABSTRACT: This is the second part of the essay on the circumstances that led the World Bank to embrace norms and operational policies for environmental and indigenous people's protection in the late 1980s, as traced through the turbulent history of the Polonoroeste road project in the Brazilian Amazon. Polonoroeste became the spearhead with which environmental NGOs made their first attack on the Bank for participating in large-scale environmental and indigenous peoples' destruction.

scholarly journals Incorporating Blue Bonds as a funding alternative for a sustainable development project

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 129-134
Author(s):  
Fareis Althalet ◽  
Tira Siya Fajar Rahayu ◽  
Hera Hera ◽  
Ayu Fil Akhirati ◽  
Pingki Pingki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Development Project ◽  
International Financial Institutions ◽  
International Media ◽  
Fisheries Governance ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Good Reputation ◽  
Water Pollution Management ◽  
The Government

This study aims to examine Blue Bonds as a guarantee issued by the issuer (government and companies) as alternative financing. Compared to ordinary bonds that are issued only to meet the issuer's funding needs, the transaction results in Blue Bonds will be used to support marine protection, fisheries governance, waste and water pollution management, and the restoration of marine ecosystems. In this study, the author uses the method literature review sourced from journals, books, reports from related ministries, international financial institutions such as the World Bank, and news from national and international media. The results of this study indicate that by issuing Blue Bonds, the government and companies will get more funds from bond investors. Investors will receive a return in the form of a coupon (fixed interest rate) from the issuer and pay according to schedule and the initial principal investment. Not only that, the government and companies will get a good reputation among investors and actively contribute to Indonesia's maritime development.

El Salvador's “Model” Democracy

2005 ◽  
Vol 104 (679) ◽  
pp. 77-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Holiday
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
United Nations ◽  
El Salvador ◽  
World Bank ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Us Government ◽  
The United Nations ◽  
Peace And Reconciliation

In the immediate aftermath of the 1992 peace accords, El Salvador was cited frequently by the United Nations and even the World Bank as a country that, with the international community's help, effectively managed its transition from civil war to peace and reconciliation. Thirteen years later, only the US government views the Salvadoran model so favorably.

Economic gloom portends instability in Zimbabwe

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Security Forces ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Regional Market ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government ◽  
South African Rand

Significance Mawarire is the founder of the 'This Flag' movement, which has been a driving force behind a wave of demonstrations and strikes earlier this month against graft, unemployment and economic mismanagement by President Robert Mugabe's government. Impacts Import bans will adversely affect South African exporters, for whom Zimbabwe is a key regional market. Use of the South African rand in Zimbabwe will remain unpopular, due to concerns about its weakness against the dollar. The government will prioritise cash for paying the salaries of the security forces, since these underpin the regime's survival. Loans from the African Export-Import Bank will help Harare to begin paying the World Bank some of its arrears.

scholarly journals Demographic determinant of primary school repeater in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 11023
Author(s):  
Omas Bulan Samosir
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
General Education ◽  
Primary School ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Population Growth Rate ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
The Government

The development of a country is supported by its education development. In general, education is financed by the government. It is expected that all school-age population can participate in education. Indonesia has implemented the nine-year compulsory basic education program. The aim of this study is to examine the demographic factors that affect the primary school repeater in Indonesia. The data source was from the World Bank Development Indicator of the World Bank. The data coverage was from 1971 to 2018. The dependent variable was the primary school repeater rate. The independent variables were the population growth rate and fixed telephone subscription. The data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The results of the study indicate that higher primary school repeater was associated with higher population growth rate and lower fixed telephone subscription. Therefore, Indonesia needs to manage its population growth rate and improve infrastructure development, in particular information technology infrastructure.

scholarly journals Editorial

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-98
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Sirkeci
Keyword(s):  
Public Finance ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Mexican Migrants ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Fiscal Space

During the Pandemic, the World Bank estimations suggested that remittances globally would fall about 20 per cent. The live results show mixed reactions and IMF reports show significant resilience in some corridors. This is in line with our earlier studies and predictions. Regulations and restrictions keep remittances costs high and particularly higher in some corridors involving poorer countries. There are already calls to reduce the costs and make sending money home easier and attractive. In this issue of Remittances Review, Fernando César Costa Xavier discusses the terminology of irregular remittances with a particular reference to the Venezuelan immigrants’ money sending practices. Sena Kimm Gnangnon shows the effect of remittances inflows on public finance by examining the effect of remittances inflows on fiscal space using a sample of 109 receiving countries over the period 1980-2015. The last paper by Rodolfo García Zamora and Selene Gaspar Olvera shows that Mexican migrants’ remittances from the US had been suffering the effects of COVID-19 in April 2020.

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